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Exam 3 Cell Biology > Mitosis > Flashcards

Mitosis Flashcards

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1
Q

The enzyme rubisco is utilized in which of the following events of photosynthesis?

A

Carbon fixation

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2
Q

The electrons that exit the reaction center of Photosystem I are replaced by electrons coming directly from

A

photosystem II

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3
Q

The reduction of PGA to G3P during the Calvin cycle requires

A

NADPH and ATP

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4
Q

If a cell has 32 chromatids in the G2 phase of the cell cycle and undergoes mitosis followed by cytokinesis, each new daughter cell now has __chromosomes?

A

16

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5
Q

Chromosomes

A

a discrete unit of genetic material

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6
Q

Chromosomes contain

A

•the sequences of DNA (genes) that encode the information to build a cell’s proteins

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7
Q

A chromosome is composed of

A

chromatin

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8
Q

chromatin is made of

A

40% DNA + 60% protein.

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9
Q

Histones

A

The proteins associated with DNA are called

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10
Q

Nucleosome

A

a region of DNA wrapped around a core of 8 histone proteins

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11
Q

What is 1

A

DNA

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12
Q

What is 2?

A

H1 Histone

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13
Q

What is 3?

A

Nucleosome

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14
Q

What is 4?

A

Core of 8 histone molecules

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15
Q

1 nucleosome

A

8 histone proteins + 146 nucleotide base pairs of DNA =

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16
Q

What does the yellow represent?

A

G1 phase of mitosis

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17
Q

What does red represent?

A

S phase of mitosis

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18
Q

What does the green phase represent?

A

G2 Phase of mitosis

19
Q

What does each section of the purpe phase represent

A

Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

20
Q

What does the blue phase represent?

A

chemiosmosis

21
Q

Describe the G1 phase

A
  • The major period of cell growth during its lifespan— cell is busy NOT “resting.”
  • Lots of cellular activity results in a high metabolic rate in the cell.
22
Q

Describe the “S” phase in mitosis

A

•Each chromosome is replicated / copied

23
Q

What is one?

A

sister chromatids

24
Q

What is two?

A

Centromere

25
Q

What is three?

A

Kinetochores

26
Q

What are kinetochores?

A
  • the proteins that bind at the centromere
  • It serves as a disc-like protein pad that is an attachment site for microtubules necessary in cell division
27
Q

Cohesin

A

•is a protein complex that hold together the two sister chromatids at the centromere region

28
Q

How does the cohesion complex differ from centromere?

A

•It differs from the centromere in that it does NOT contain DNA sequences

29
Q

Describe the G2 Phase

A

more organelles replicate, centrosome replicates, & microtubules begin to assemble in the centrosome

30
Q

•microtubule organizing center.

A

Centrosome

31
Q

True or False. Centrosomes are part of the DNA

A

False

32
Q

True or False. Centrioles are in animals only

A

True

33
Q

ASter

A

•bracing structures formed by centrosome in animal cells to provide support against the cell membrane

34
Q

Describe prophase

A

the nuclear envelope is still visible early in prophase but by the end of prophase is gone

35
Q

Describe cytokinisis

A

cleavage of the cell into equal halves

36
Q

Cytokinisis in a plant cell forms what?

A

cleavage plate

37
Q

Cytokinisis in an animal cell forms what?

A

cell plate

38
Q

Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.

A

Anaphase

39
Q

Cytoplasm divides

A

Cytokinisis

40
Q

Nuclear membrane disintegrates and nucleolus disappears

A

Prophase

41
Q

Chromosomes replicate

A

S of Interphase

42
Q

Spindle fibers attach to sister chromatids at kinetochore

A

prometaphase

43
Q

Chromosomes are lined up at the equator

A

metaphase

44
Q
A

Exam 3 Cell Biology (5 decks)

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