Mitosis Flashcards
What occurs during telophase?
Chromosomes arrive at separate poles, spindle fibres disintegrate, nuclear membranes reform, cytokinesis divides the cell into two
These events mark the final stage of mitosis.
What is the role of mitosis in tissues?
Tissues grow and are replaced via mitosis
Mitosis allows for growth and maintenance of tissues.
What is the outcome of mitosis?
One parent cell divides to form two daughter cells
Daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and alleles as the parent cell.
How do daughter cells compare to parent cells after mitosis?
Daughter cells have the same function as the parent cell
This ensures continuity of function in tissues.
What happens to chromosomes during cell division?
Chromosomes change from a single double-helixed DNA strand to having two identical double-helixed DNA strands
This results in twice the number of alleles.
Define cell division.
The process whereby cells divide, forming new cells (daughter cells)
This is essential for growth, repair, and reproduction.
What are somatic cells?
Cells found in tissues that divide via mitosis
Somatic cells make up most of the body’s cells.
What are gametes?
Sex cells involved in reproduction, produced in gonads
Gametes are formed through the division of germ cells.
What occurs during prophase?
Chromosomes become visible, nuclear membrane disintegrates, centrioles become visible
Prophase is the first stage of mitosis.
What happens during anaphase?
Spindle fibres tug on chromatids, separating them, and cytokinesis begins
This marks the movement of chromosomes towards opposite poles.
List the four phases of mitosis.
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
These phases represent the orderly process of mitosis.
What occurs during metaphase?
Chromosomes align along the equator, centrioles at poles, spindle fibres attach to centromeres
Metaphase ensures chromosomes are properly aligned for separation.
