Mitosis Flashcards
1
Q
Mitosis
A
Mitosis is a process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells (cell division) → asexual reproduction
Each daughter cell will have the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent cell.
2
Q
What are the 4 stages of mitosis
A
- Prophase 2. Metaphase 3. Anaphase 4. Telophase
3
Q
Chromosomes
A
- Chromosomes contain DNA.
- A duplicated chromosome has 2 sister chromatids that are genetically identical.
- A chromatid is a single strand in a duplicated chromosome.
- Chromatids are attached together at their centromere.
4
Q
The cycle has three stages…
A
- Interphase
- Mitosis
- Cytokinesis
5
Q
Interphase
A
- The non-dividing stage
- Genetic material is duplicating (chromatin)
- Centrioles are duplicating
6
Q
Prophase
A
- DNA condenses → chromosomes
- Nucleolus and nuclear envelope disappear
- Spindle fibers form off the centrioles
- Centrioles migrate to opposite ends of the cell
7
Q
Metaphase
A
- Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
- Spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes → mitotic spindle
8
Q
Anaphase
A
- Centromeres split and sister chromatids separate
- Chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell
9
Q
Telophase
A
- Chromosomes become thinner → chromatin
- Spindle fibers disappear
- Nuclear membrane and nucleolus reappear
- Division of the nucleus is complete!
10
Q
Cytokinesis
A
- Cytoplasm begins to divide
- Cell divides into two identical daughter cells
11
Q
Plant Mitosis
A
- A plant cell forms from a cell plate which eventually becomes the cell wall
- Once this is complete, the 2 new daughter cells separate
NO CENTRIOLES
The spindle forms off of the nucleus envelope
12
Q
Animal mitosis
A
- An animal cell forms a cleavage furrow, the membrane “indents”
- The membrane continues to indent until the 2 cells separate
CENTRIOLES
The spindle forms off of the centrioles
