Mitosis

Question 1

What happens during Interphase?

Answer 1

(NOT A STAGE IN MITOSIS)
DNA is replicated, during S phase
Each chromosome forms an identical copy of itself, attached by a centromere.

Question 2

What happens during Prophase of mitosis?

Answer 2

Chromosomes condense
Nuclear envelope starts to break down
(Animal cells) centrioles divide and move to opposite poles of the cell forming two centrosomes. Spindle fibres begin to form and attach to centromeres of each chromosome

Question 3

What happens during Metaphase of mitosis?

Answer 3

Chromosomes moved by spindle fibres along a line (metaphase plate) down the equator of the cell.

Question 4

What happens during Anaphase of mitosis?

Answer 4

Centromeres divide and chromatids are separated
Each chromatid becomes own chromosome as they now have own centromeres
Spindle fibres shorten and new chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the cell.

Question 5

What happens during Telophase of mitosis?

Answer 5

The new chromosomes reach the poles
New nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes at each end
Chromosomes de-condense forming the nucleoplasm & new nucleoli form

Question 6

What happens during Cytokinesis in animal cells?

Answer 6

(NOT A STAGE OF MITOSIS)
A cleavage furrow forms around the middle of the cell
The cell surface membrane is pulled inwards by the cytoskeleton until it fuses in the middle
Two daughter cells form

Question 7

What happens during Cytokinesis in plant cells?

Answer 7

(NOT A STAGE OF MITOSIS)
Vesicles from the Golgi assemble at the equator of the cell
The vesicles fuse with each other and with the cell surface membrane forming a new membrane down the middle of the cell
New sections of cellulose are deposited along the new sections of membrane