Mitosis

Question 1

what is the goal of mitosis in single celled organisms?

Answer 1

reproduction

Question 2

what is the goal of mitosis in a multicellular organism?

Answer 2

growth

Question 3

what phase occurs before mitosis?

Answer 3

interphase

Question 4

describe interphase

Answer 4

G1: growth phase, when the cell commits to division
S-phase: synthesis phase, when DNA is replicated
G2: final growth, prep stage before mitosis

Question 5

define karyokinesis

Answer 5

division of the nucleus

Question 6

what is the order of mitosis

Answer 6

1. prophase
2. metaphase
3. anaphase
4. telophase

Question 7

what occurs in prophase?

Answer 7

• the shrinking and connection of chromosomes
• one chromosome divides to be two chromatids connected by a chromatid

Question 8

what occurs in metaphase?

Answer 8

• when the chromosomes move into a line on the metaphase plate

Question 9

what occurs in anaphase?

Answer 9

• when sister chromatids separate from each other

Question 10

what occurs during telophase?

Answer 10

• cytokinesis occurs
• chromosomes elongate

Question 11

define cytopkinesis

Answer 11

division of cytoplasm to form two daughter cells

Question 12

what are haploids?

Answer 12

• gametes
  one copy of each chromosome

Question 13

what are diploids?

Answer 13

• somatic (body) cells
  2 copies of each type of chromosome

Question 14

define mitosis

Answer 14

the division of the nucleus

Question 15

what are homologous pairs?

Answer 15

they are two chromosome that are the same size, shape and genes
- one comes from mom, and one comes from dad