mitosis

Question 1

chromosome

Answer 1

long DNA molecule

Question 2

homologous

Answer 2

matching pair of chromosomes

Question 3

gene

Answer 3

length of DNA that codes for a protein

Question 4

allele

Answer 4

different version of the same gene

Question 5

dominant

Answer 5

will always be expressed if present

Question 6

recessive

Answer 6

only be expressed if there are 2

Question 7

chromatid

Answer 7

2 identical copies of the DNA held together at the centromere

Question 8

centromere

Answer 8

region where 2 chromatids are held together

Question 9

condensed

Answer 9

coiled using histones

Question 10

diffuse

Answer 10

unravelled and unreplicated

Question 11

prophase

Answer 11

chromosomes condense and spindles begin to form

Question 12

interphase

Answer 12

chromosomes are diffuse

Question 13

metaphase

Answer 13

centrioles made spindles and chromosomes move to the equator

Question 14

anaphase

Answer 14

centromere pulled by spindles and pulls the chromatids apart

Question 15

telophase

Answer 15

nuclear envelope reforms and chromosomes condense

Question 16

cytokinesis

Answer 16

cytoplasm divides into 2

Question 17

G1

Answer 17

growth 1: cell growth, protein synthesis, replicating organelles

Question 18

S

Answer 18

synthesis phase: DNA is replicated

Question 19

G2

Answer 19

growth 2: preparing for mitosis, increase the energy store, checks DNA and replicating organelles

Question 20

significance of mitosis

Answer 20

growth of organism, tissue repair and asexual reproduction

Question 21

mitotic index

Answer 21

number of cells dividing/ total number of cells x100