Mitochondrial DNA Inheritance (Organellar/Extranuclear inheritance)

Question 1

What is the basic tenet of transmission genetics?

Answer 1

that phenotype is determined solely by nuclear genes

Question 2

What is the traditional bi-parental inheritance of nuclear genes

Answer 2

the phenotype is determined solely by the nuclear genes located on chromosomes of both parents – basically we inherit a maternal and paternal allele and that determines our phenotype

Question 3

What is Organelle heredity?

Answer 3

phenotype is affected by expression of genes in the DNA of mitochondria or chlorophyll

Question 4

The presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell or individual is called

Answer 4

Heteroplasmy

Question 5

An organism’s phenotype is determined by genetic information expressed in gamete of mother

Answer 5

Maternal Effect

Question 6

2 reasons the mitochondrial gene is vulnerable:

Answer 6

1. ability to repair mtDNA is not the same as nuclear DNA
2. The concentration of mutagenic free radicals generated by cell respiration that accumulate in mitochondria raises the mutation rate in DNA

Question 7

MERRF is inherited from

Answer 7

The mother

Question 8

MERRF is named from

Answer 8

presence of ragged red skeletal fibers that lead to blotchy red patches

Question 9

Do cells of MERRF individuals show heteroplasmy?

Answer 9

Yes

Question 9

Do cells of MERRF individuals show heteroplasmy?

Answer 9

Yes