MITOCHONDRIA

Question 1

INTRO

Answer 1

Mitochondria are the “powerhouses” of the cell, breaking down fuel molecules and capturing energy in cellular respiration.
began as bacteria that were engulfed by larger cells
(the endosymbiont theory).

Question 2

FUNCTION

Answer 2

Their job is to make a steady supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
The process of making ATP using chemical energy from fuels is called cellular respiration

Question 3

STRUCTURE

Answer 3

The mitochondria are suspended in the jelly-like cytosol of the cell.
They are oval-shaped and have two membranes:
an outer one, surrounding the whole organelle,
an inner one, with many inward protrusions called cristae that increase surface area.
The space between the membranes is called the intermembrane space,
the compartment enclosed by the inner membrane is called the mitochondrial matrix.
The matrix contains mitochondrial DNA and ribosomes.

Question 4

NUMBER

Answer 4

muscle cells typically have high energy needs and large numbers of mitochondria, while red blood cells, which are highly specialized for oxygen transport, have no mitochondria at all