MIT 6.00 Week 1

Question 1

What are the two kinds of knowledge?

Answer 1

Declarative and imperative

Question 2

What is declarative knowledge?

Answer 2

Statements of fact.

Question 3

What is imperative knowledge?

Answer 3

Knowledge of how to do something, instructions to accomplish a task.

Question 4

Algorithm

Answer 4

A description of how to perform a computation

Question 5

What is it called when an algorithm has halted?

Answer 5

The algorithm has converged.

Question 6

What is flow control?

Answer 6

An order of execution for the steps of an algorithm

Question 7

The condition under which the algorithm stops

Answer 7

termination condition

Question 8

What kind of computer is hard coded to do a certain set of calculations?

Answer 8

Fixed program computer

Question 9

What kind of computer treats both input and the commands to manipulate that input as data?

Answer 9

Stored program computer.

Question 10

Why two primary ways that stored program computers are superior to fixed program computers

Answer 10

They are infinitely flexible

They allow programs to create programs

Question 11

What is the interpreter?

Answer 11

A program that can execute any valid set of instructions

Question 12

Alan Turing proved that:

Answer 12

With 6 primitive instructions you can do anything that can be done with a computer (rough)

Question 13

What determines the difference between different programming languages?

Answer 13

Instructions

Flow control

Question 14

What are the three characteristics of a programming language?

Answer 14

Syntax
Static semantics
Semantics

Question 15

Syntax:

Answer 15

What sequence of characters and symbols constitute a well formed string.

Question 16

Static Semantics

Answer 16

Provides restrictions on syntactically correct expressions to ensure that the expression is meaningful

Question 17

Semantics

Answer 17

Provides rules for the meaningful interpretation of a syntactically correct expression

Question 18

What are the possible negative consequences of running a program?

Answer 18

Crash
Infinite loop
Run to completion with an incorrect answer

Question 19

What process does a program written in an interpreted language go through when it is run?

Answer 19

source code - checker - interpreter - output

Question 20

What process does a program written in a compiled language go through in order to be run?

Answer 20

source code - checker/compiler - object code - interpreter - output

Question 21

What is the IDE (Integrated Development Environment) for Python?

Answer 21

IDLE

Question 22

What is an object in Python?

Answer 22

Everything

Question 23

What does an object’s type tell us?

Answer 23

What it is an what we can do with it

Question 24

Types break down into what two categories?

Answer 24

Scalar

Non-Scalar

Question 25

What kind of type is indivisible (for the most part)

Answer 25

Scalar

Question 26

What are the Scalar Types?

Answer 26

``` Integer -int Float -float Boolean -bool None -NoneType String -str ```

Question 27

What type does Python not have that most programming languages do?

Answer 27

Character | -char

Question 28

In Python, how is the literal of a string denoted?

Answer 28

Bye single quotes or double quotes ' ' " "

Question 29

Define expression

Answer 29

A sequence of operators, operands, and functions

Question 30

When is an operator overloaded?

Answer 30

When it has different meanings depending on the operands it is working on

Question 31

What is concatenation?

Answer 31

Sticking two things together

Question 32

Why is computation between numbers of different types complicated?

Answer 32

An int divided by an int will produce an int result, which might truncate the remainder

Question 33

How do you change type?

Answer 33

typename(input) Example: str(3) int(2.5)

Question 34

How are comments marked in Python?

Answer 34

#

Question 35

what command prints to the screen?

Answer 35

print

Question 36

In Python, what is variable?

Answer 36

a name for an object?

Question 37

In Python, what does an assignment statement do?

Answer 37

Binds a name to an object

Question 38

what are the two input commands in Python 2.X?

Answer 38

raw_input("prompt") | input("prompt")

Question 39

what type does raw_input return by default?

Answer 39

a string

Question 40

How do you find the type of an object?

Answer 40

type()

Question 41

What is the name of a program wherein each line of code is executed exactly once?

Answer 41

A straight line program

Question 42

What are the conditionals in Python?

Answer 42

else if elif

Question 43

What is the function of indentation in Python?

Answer 43

Indentation determines how code is associated to other code. Code indented to a conditional will only execute with that conditional. Code not indented will always execute

Question 44

What is the name of a program wherein there are multiple paths that the program can follow depending on conditions, before returning to the main line?

Answer 44

A branching program

Question 45

What is the name of a program wherein code can be executed multiple times based on iteration?

Answer 45

A looping construct or program

Question 46

What kind of program is considered Turing complete?

Answer 46

A looping program

Question 47

How do you find the absolute value?

Answer 47

abs()

Question 48

What are the operations in Python?

Answer 48

``` Addition + Subtraction - Multiplication * Division / Exponentiation ** Modulo % For ints only ```

Question 49

What are the comparison operations in Python?

Answer 49

``` Less than < Greater than > Less than or equal to = Does not equal != Does equal == ```

Question 50

What do comparison operations always return?

Answer 50

A boolean value

Question 51

What are the boolean operators in Python?

Answer 51

And Not Or

Question 52

How many operands are needed for each boolean operator?

Answer 52

And - 2 Or - 2 Not - 1