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Kettering Exam 1 > Missed Questions > Flashcards

Missed Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Cheyne-Stokes

A

Gradually increasing then decreasing rate and depth…lasting 30-180 seconds, with periods of apnea lasting up to 60 seconds.

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2
Q

What causes Cheyne-Stokes breathing?

A

Increased ICP, Brainstem injury, drug overdose.

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3
Q

Biot’s breathing

A

Increased RR and depth with irregular periods of apnea. Each breath has the same depth.

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4
Q

What causes Biot’s breathing?

A

CNS problem

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5
Q

Kussmaul’s Breathing

A

Increased RR (over 20 breaths/min), increased depth, irregular rhythm, breathing sounds labored

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6
Q

What causes Kussmaul’s breathing?

A

Metabolic acidosis, renal failure, diabetic ketoacidosis

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7
Q

Pulmonary Edema (CXR)

A

Fluffy infiltrates
Butterfly pattern
Batwing pattern

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8
Q

Atelectasis (CXR)

A

Patchy infiltrates

Crowded Air bronchograms

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9
Q

ARDS or IRDS (CXR)

A

Ground glass appearance

Honeycomb pattern

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10
Q

Pleural Effusion (CXR)

A

Blunting/Obliteration of costophrenic angles

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11
Q

Pneumonia (CXR)

A

Air Bronchogram

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12
Q

Pulmonary Embolus (CXR)

A

Peripheral wedge-shaped infiltrate

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13
Q

Tuberculosis (CXR)

A

Cavity formation

  • recommend APICAL LORDOTIC CXR
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14
Q

Prothrombin Time (PT)

A

Used for monitoring Warfarin (Coumadin) therapy

  • 12-15 Seconds
  • long term
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15
Q

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)

A
  • Heparin

24-32 seconds

Used for monitoring heparin therapy

FAST.

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16
Q

APGAR

1 Scores

A 
Appearance - Blue extremities
Pulse - <100/minute
Grimace - Grimace 
Activity - Some flexion of extremities 
Respiratory Effort - Slow, irregular weak cry
17
Q

ETT tube Sizes

A

Males - 8.0-8.5

Females - 7.0-7.5

Cuff pressure should not exceed 35cmH20

18
Q

Suction Catheter

A

ID SIZE
——- X 3
2

Pediatrics - 10
Adults - 12

19
Q

Patient Positioning

A

Obese - Lateral Fowlers
CHF - Fowlers
ARDS - Prone
Unilateral Lung Disease - Good lung down

20
Q

Total Flow

A

Use magic box

If > 36 use 20

If < 36 use 21

21
Q

C(a-v)O2

A

(SaO2 - SvO2 ) x 0.2

Normal Range - 4-5 vol %

22
Q

Large Airway Obstruction

A

Flattened (top and bottom)

  • Tracheal Tumor
23
Q

Lung Compliance

A

Cstat = VT / Pplat-Peep

        Normal - 60-100

Cdyn = VT / PiP - Peep

24
Q

Decelerating Flow

A

low PIP but high MEAN

25
Q

iNO

A

Inhaled Nitric Oxide

20-40 ppm

Indications :
Primary Pulmonary Hypertension
Refractory Hypoxemia w/ Increased PAP
Increased Pulmonary Vascular Resistance
Right Heart Failure/ Cor Pulmonale
26
Q

Sleep Apnea

A

Central - loss of ventilation effort (chest stops moving)

Obstructive - apnea due to blockage of upper airway

Mixed - combination of both

27
Q

AHI

A

Apnea Hypopnea Index

Mild - 5-15
Moderate - 16-30
Severe - >30

Kettering Exam 1 (1 decks)

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