Missed Questions

Question 1

benzyl alcohol

Answer 1

produces gasping syndrome in neonates

Question 2

for an O/W emulsion, which is in the dispersed phase and in the continuous phase?

Answer 2

Oil is continuous
Water is dispersed

Question 3

For injection meaning

Answer 3

the contents of the vial need to be diluted before administration

Question 4

single dose vials

Answer 4

contain no perservatives

Question 5

what type of dosage form can not be injected directly into the blood?

Answer 5

oil-based solution
bulk liquid

Question 6

chapters over 1000

Answer 6

informational only

Question 7

chapters under 1000

Answer 7

mandatory

Question 8

match inactive ingredient to agent

ascorbic acid, EDTA, benzyl alcohol, benzalkonium chloride, sodium bisulfite

chelating agent, preservative (x3), antioxidant

Answer 8

ascorbic acid –> antioxidant
EDTA –> chelating agent
benzyl alcohol –> perservative
benzalkonium chloride –> perservative
sodium bisulfite –> perservative

Question 9

solution dosage forms

Answer 9

good bioavailability
easy to manufacture
absorbed more quickly than suspension
content uniformity

Question 10

butylated hydroxytoulene (BHT)

Answer 10

delays oxidation by reacting free radicals

Question 11

calcium and phosphate

Answer 11

can lead to extremely dangerous risk to patients if admixing is not performed properly

Question 12

how to minimize tissue irritation?

Answer 12

reduce the volume of administered solution

Question 13

chapter 797 contains

Answer 13

microbial contamination
excessive bacterial endotoxins
variability in the intended strength of correct ingredients
ingredients of inappropriate quality

Question 14

suspensions and parenteral injections

Answer 14

cannot be via IV
can be via IM

Question 15

Which one is true if a is 18G2(1/2) and b is 27G3?

a is longer and has a larger bore diameter
b is longer and has a larger bore diameter
a is longer and has a smaller bore diameter
b is longer and has a smaller bore diameter

Answer 15

a is longer and has a larger bore diameter

gauge is the diameter of the bore higher G, lower diameter
length of the needle shaft

Question 16

sterilization eliminates

Answer 16

bacteria and bacterial endotoxins

Question 17

squamous cells shed at what rate?

Answer 17

10^6 (1 million) or more per hour

Question 18

what type of insertion requires surgical placement?

Answer 18

Hickman
Broviac

Question 19

the tonicity and osmolarity question

Answer 19

certain iso-osmotic, pH-neutral infusates

Question 20

red blood cells

Answer 20

are better equipped to handle hyper-osmotic solutions

Question 21

what insertions are through the arm?

Answer 21

PICC

Question 22

what insertions are through the chest?

Answer 22

VAP
Broviac
Hickman

Question 23

W/O type emulsion example

Answer 23

an emulsion stabilized with fine particles of which contact angle is 135

Question 24

same mechanisms

Answer 24

sodium lauryl sulfate
span 80
sodium stearate
polysorbate 60

Question 25

what should a dispersed suspension look like?

Answer 25

cloudy

Question 26

seen in a non-caking zone

Answer 26

1) suspension forms floccules
2) H2PO4 neutralized the surface charge of dispersed particles
3) suspension settles quickly to form a sediment that can be readily redispersed by shaking
4) suspension forms clear supernatant when settled

Question 27

diluted bentonite magma (clay)

Answer 27

added to reduce repulsive forces between the drug particle
leads to settle quickly

Question 28

suspension

Answer 28

used to enhance dissolution of poorly soluble drug

Question 29

semipermeable membranes

Answer 29

allow water to diffuse across membrane at a controlled rate in osmotic devices

Question 30

what accurately describes both reservoir diffusion and matrix diffusion systems?

a) Zero order release rate
b) The coating/membrane thickness can be used to control the drug release rate
c) All particles contain uniform coating thicknesses to ensure proper release
d) Drug diffuses through a polymeric matrix or a semipermeable membrane
e) All of the above

Answer 30

D) drug diffuses through a polymeric matrix or a semipermeable membrane

Question 31

matrix erosion device

Answer 31

has a release rate impacted by a dissolving polymer

Question 32

matrix diffusion system

Answer 32

the amount of released drug (M) is proportional to the square root of time

Question 33

if the pH of a parenteral preparation differs significantly (by more than 2 pH units) from the physiological pH,

Answer 33

it is better to use dilute buffers than concentrated buffers for controlling the pH

Question 34

benzoic acid

Answer 34

preservative most effected by solution pH in preservative activity

Question 35

relavant to protein aggregation

Answer 35

relatively high surface to volume ratio
syringe lubricants
oil droplets
shear by syringe plunger

Question 36

NuvaRing diffusion system

Answer 36

reservoir diffusion system showing zero-order release kinetics

Question 37

amphiphilic molecules

Answer 37

self-assembled into micelles in water
paclitaxel can be loaded in the hydrophobic core part of the structure

Question 38

condensation polymerization

Answer 38

elongated polymer chains are randomly crosslinked

Question 39

the structure in the figure describes a polymer. which is not relevant?

a) a homopolymer
b) synthetic polymer
c) repeating unit is -CH2-
e) called polyethylene

Answer 39

repeating unit is -CH2-

Question 40

relevant to transdermal delivery

Answer 40

drugs with low dose requirements are suitable
drugs with a molecular weight <1000 Da and high O/W partition coefficients are suitable
hydrated skin is easier for a drug to penetrate than dry skin
electroporation can enhance skin permeability by creating transient pores in the skin by a high voltage electrical pulse

Question 41

ulactoglobulin solution graph

Answer 41

if this drug is administered by SQ injection, which uses a small volume of vehicle, there is a good change that the drug will aggregate

Question 42

monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)

Answer 42

have light and heavy chains
produced in mammalian cells to achieve posttranslational glycosylation
have disulfide bonds

Question 43

two types of nanomedicine

Answer 43

a is a liposome
2 indicates a hydrophobic space

Question 44

hydropropyl guar

Answer 44

prolongs the residence time in the eys