Miss Guest - Cell Biology Flashcards
What is cytoplasm?
Cytoplasm is a fluid-like substance
Present between the cell membrane and the nucleus
Is the site of chemical reactions
Mainly composed of water
What is the Golgi Apparatus?
Golgi apparatus are a series of flat membrane-bound substances
Specialise in receiving molecules of substances secreted by the Endoplasmic Reticulum
What is the cell wall?
The cell wall is responsible for the protection of the cell
Restricts foreign substances e.g. algae, fungi & bacteria
Supports the structure of the cell
Made of cellulose fibres
What are chloroplasts?
Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis
Only present in photosynthetic cells e.g. Plant and Algae cells
What is the nucleus?
The nucleus is responsible for carrying the DNA of a cell
What are ribosomes?
Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis
They create proteins and various enzymes to help certain functions within the cell
What is the nucleolus?
A membrane-less structure which function is ribosomal synthesis but also controlling and regulating the cell.
What are vacuole?
A bubble-like structure responsible for containing water, waste materials & nutrients until possible to get rid of them.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
Responsible for the transportation of proteins & lipids causing it to be important in eukaryotic cells
What are centrioles?
Centrioles play a role in organizing microtubules that serve as the cell’s skeletal system. They help determine the locations of the nucleus and other organelles within the cell.
What are Lysosomes?
A membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes. They break down excess or worn-out cell parts. They may be used to destroy invading viruses and bacteria.
What are bacteria
Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled organisms that exist in their millions, in every environment, both inside and outside other organisms.
What are plasmids?
A plasmid is a small, circular DNA molecule found in bacteria and other cells. Plasmids are separate from the bacterial chromosome and replicate independently of it. They carry only a small number of genes.
What are mitochondria?
Mitochondria generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell’s biochemical reactions. Chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
What is a vesicle?
Vesicles are small cellular containers. They can be used to move molecules, secrete substances, digest materials, or regulate the pressure in the cell.
