Miscellaneous - Midterm Wrap Up Flashcards

1
Q

What can happen if CVC is placed in RA?

A

Dysrythmias

Thrombus Formation

Cardiac Peforation

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2
Q

Complications of Floating PA Catheter

A
  • PA Rupture
  • RBBB
  • Complete Heart Block if pre-existing LBBB
  • Dysrhythmias
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3
Q

How many days til an increase in catheter related infection?

A

3 Days

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4
Q

What is most common complication of obtaining CVC access?

A

Dysrhythmias

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5
Q

What is best way to treat PACs/PVCs when placing CVC?

A

Withdraw catheter and start over

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6
Q

Transducer above Phlebostatic axis _________ CVP and below th axis _______ CVP

A

Above = Decreases CVP

Below = Increases CVP

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7
Q

Swan Parts:

Proximal Injecate Port

A

Blue - Right Atria

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8
Q

Swan Parts:

Thermistor

A

Calculates CO by thermodilution

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9
Q

Swan Parts:

Red Port

A

Balloon Inflation Port

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10
Q

How to know when Swan tip is not in correct Lung Zone

A

PAOP > LVEDP

Non Phasic PAOP Tracing

Cant aspiration blood when Wedged

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11
Q

Factors of ECG Monitoring

A

Electrode Location

Conduction Pathway & Speed

Muscle Mass

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12
Q

What converts electrical energy to acoustic energy in an Ultrasound?

A

Piezoelectric Material

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13
Q

What are the Three Ultrasound Probes

A
  • Phased Array - narrow Probe
  • Curved Linear Array - wider probe, convex view
  • Linear Arraw - rectangular, for surface structures
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14
Q

Ultrasound Modes

A

B Mode

M Mode

Color Flow Doppler

Continuous Wave Doppler

Pulsed Wave Doppler

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15
Q

What does ultrasound gain correspond to?

A

Brightness

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16
Q

What is Echogenicity?

A

Measure of ability to reflect sound waves

17
Q

Hyperechoic

A

White

EX: Bones, tendons, upper nerves

18
Q

Hypoechoic

A

Gray

EX: Fat, Lower nerves

19
Q

Anechoic

A

Black

Ex: Arteries & Veins

20
Q

Absolute Contraindications for TEE

A

Peforated Viscus

Esophageal Abmormalities

Active Upper GI Bleed

21
Q

Patient position for TEE

A

Left Lateral Decubitus

22
Q

PreOP TEE Considerations

A

Detailed PreOp Workup

Most recent EF

Reason for TEE

Low EF = difficult sedation

23
Q

Chromosome Associated w/ Malignant Hyperthermia

A

Ryanodine 1 Receptor on Chromosome 19

24
Q

Malignant Hyperthermia

A

Can occur > 1 hr after emergence

Fam. hx plays big role

Rarely happens w/o triggering agents

25
Test for diagnosing Malignant Hyperthermia
Caffeine Halothane Contracture Test
26
Symptoms of Malignant Hyperthermia
Tachycardia ↑ETCO2 Metabolic Acidosis Muscle Rigidity Hyperkalemia ↑Temperature
27
How to Treat Malignant Hyperthermia
Stop Gas Give IV Dantrolene Hyperventilate w/ 100% O2 Treat Electrolytes ABG Cool Patient
28
What part of the brain controls body temperature?
Hypothalamus
29
How does the body attempt to release heat when hot?
Sweat and Relax Muscles
30
How does the body try to retain heat in a cold environment?
Shivering, Tense Muscles, and Arrector Pilli muscles raise hair
31
Common Intraoperative Complications of Hypothermia
Shivering Vasoconstriction Bleeding