Miscellaneous Lumbar Spine Flashcards
The COM in the human body is just (anterior/posterior) to S_.
anterior to S2
Kendall (1952) thought that the LOG moves right through the vertebral bodies in the cervical and lumbar spine and it is (anterior/posterior) to the thoracic bodies. The torque created in the cervical and lumbar spine would be none and in the thoracic spine it would be (flexion/extension).
If there is thoracic (flexion/extension) and that is the only torque generated, the thoracic (flexors/extensors) would be controlling against that torque.
anterior; flexion; flexion; extensors
The line of gravity is slightly (anterior/posterior) to the medial-lateral axis at the SI joint. As it is (anterior/posterior) to the SI joint the torque created is something called nutation. Nutation is the idea that once gravity is loaded on your spine it causes your sacrum to tilt (forward/backward) because of the weight that is being placed on it. The torque anterior to the SI joint is controlled by the sacrotuberous and the sacrospinous ligaments.
anterior; anterior; forward
As we continue to move inferior in the body, the LOG will be (anterior/posterior) to the greater trochanter of the femur. The greater trochanter is just (anterior/posterior) to the medial-lateral axis of the hip. Since the proximal segment moves towards the LOG, the torque that is created at the hip joint will fall towards (flexion/extension). The torque will be controlled by the iliofemoral ligament. It is a very thick ligament that sits in front of the hip that when you lean backwards gets taught and prevents too much (flexion/extension) at the hip joint.
posterior; posterior; extension; extension
At the knee, the LOG is (anterior/posterior) to the patella. This will create an (flexion/extension) torque and this (flexion/extension) is controlled by the cruciate ligaments and the joint capsule posteriorly.
posterior; extension; extension
The LOG is (anterior/posterior) to the lateral malleolus which is (anterior/posterior) to the M/L axis of the ankle. The torque that is created will be (dorsiflexion/plantarflexion) and this will be controlled by the (dorsi/plantar) flexor muscles.
anterior; anterior; dorsiflexion; plantar
We know that the body is a kinetic chain. If you change one thing at one location and it effects a lot of different areas. If there is an excessive lumbar lordosis, as a result there will be an (anterior/posterior) pelvic tilt and because you have that (anterior/posterior) pelvic tilt and the LOG is now shifting (forward/backward), now your knee gets driven into genu recurvatum. And because of that now your head also gets moved forward into a forward head posture. So one small change with an anterior pelvic tilt can change a lot about your posture at a lot of different points.
anterior; anterior; forward
If you have an overly flexed hip or a hip flexion contracture it changes the LOG significantly and that makes all of these external torques bigger and it makes the individual have to work really hard through the (anterior/posterior) chain. All of the (anterior/posterior) muscles on the back of the leg and all the way up to the glutes have to work to overcome the external torque. If you are standing upright, all of those muscles don’t have to work as hard.
posterior; posterior
The quadratus lumborum extends and laterally flexes the vertebral column. If it is tight, it also has the ability to (elevate/depress) the pelvis which could make a patient appear that they have a hip hike.
elevate
An anterior pelvic tilt is associated with lumbar (flexion/extension). A posterior pelvic tilt is associated with lumbar (flexion/extension).
extension; flexion
We have these force couples that allow A/P pelvic tilt to occur. So when we are talking about a posterior pelvic tilt we’re talking about the ______ muscle that’s pulling in this superior direction, and then we have the _____ which is a hip extensor going in an inferior direction. These two muscles are working together to perform this posterior pelvic tilt. We also have some contribution from the external oblique and also the hamstring muscle is pulling down on the ischial tuberosity in order to help posterior tilting.
If an individual did not have good motor control and a good amount of contraction from these two muscles, they might have an (anterior/posterior) pelvic tilt in standing.
rectus abdominis; glute max; anterior
In an anterior pelvic tilt, the ______ are now the dominant muscle pulling in a superior direction and your ______along with your ______ are pulling in an inferior direction to work to create an anterior pelvic tilt. The two muscles that pull inferiorly attaches to your ASIS so it is going to provide that downward vector. So if you think about these movements, along with these force couples, it will give you a really good idea of how some of these postures and movement patterns are present.
erector spinae; rectus femoris; iliopsoas
