Miscellaneous Interesting Flashcards
What is the difference between a psychopath and a sociopath?
Both share a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder
Psychopath - genetic predisposition +/- childhood trauma; underlying physiological brain differences (in areas for emotion regulation and impulse control)
Sociopath - develop from environment
https://psychcentral.com/blog/archives/2015/02/12/differences-between-a-psychopath-vs-sociopath/
What is the Hare checklist
Checklist of the key traits that define psychopaths; scores 1-40; 1pt for partially applying, 2pts for fully; score over 30=indicative
1. Superficial charm 2. Grandiose sense of self-worth 3. Excess need for stimulation 4. Pathological lying 5. Manipulative 6. Lack of guilt or remorse 7. Shallow emotional responses 8. Lack of empathy 9. Parasitic lifestyle 10. Poor behavioural control 11. Promiscuous sexual behaviour 12. Childhood behavioural problems 13. Lack of realistic long-term goals 14. Overly impulsive 15. High level of irresponsibility 16. Failure to accept responsibility 17. Lots of short-term relationships 18. Juvenile delinquency 19. Not taking the chance to reform 20. Criminal versatility
What is the difference between cognitive and emotional/affective empathy?
Cognitive - capacity to understand another’s perspective
Emotional - capacity to respond with an appropriate emotion to another’s mental states (emotional contagion = being affected by another’s emotional or arousal state)
What is Kotov’s syndrome?
A situation in chess when a player thinks very hard for a long time in a complicated position but does not find a clear path, then, running low on time, quickly makes a poor move, often ablunder
What is the Bechdel test?
A measure of the active presence of women in literature/film
To pass, must contain:
1) two women
2) who talk to each other
3) about something other than a man
What is the dark tetrad of personality?
4 traits:
Sadism - pleasure in the pain/suffering of others (without sadism = dark triad)
Narcissism - grandiose preoccupation with self
Psychopathy - impairment of empathy/remorse, disinhibited antisocial behaviour
Machiavellianism - self serving, manipulative, deceptive
What is nominative determinism?
The idea that people tend to gravitate towards areas of work that fit their names
Following a 1996 new scientist magazine article noting such examples as Daniel Snowman who wrote a book on polar exploration and a urology article by surnames Splatt and Weedon
An aptroynm is a similar word that describes how a well suited a person is to their name without making reference to causality
