Miscellaneous Flashcards
adult with new onset left varicocele…. you should be concerned about?
IVC obstruction with RCC being most common etiology
sizeable rectal injury and perforation during radical prostatectomy
diverting colostomy
treatment of obstructing distal ureteral stone without evidence of UTI
observe / medically treat, flomax, NSAIDs
indication for prompt urinary system drainage in kidney stones
high grade unilateral urinary obstruction, bilateral urinary obstruction, urinary obstruction to solitary kidney, urinary obstruction with UTI or sepsis, inability to tolerate oral intake from N/V, severe pain not controlled by oral analgesics
dilutional hyponatremia (confusion, somnolence), hypertension, bradycardia and nausea/vomiting
TUR syndrome – classic post op complication following transurethral resection of the prostate – due to hypotonic fluid rushing into open venous sinuses of prostate during prostatic resection
nonvisualization of intrauterine sac with beta hCG more than 1500
concerning for ectopic pregnancy
most common cause of adnexal torsion?
ovarian/tubal enlargement or benign neoplasms
management of ovarian torsion with sign of tubal necrosis on imaging
adnexectomy. if no necrosis, can usually perform laparoscopic detorsion
stomach cancer with mets to ovary
Krukenberg tumor – classically signet cell
pelvic ovarian fibroma that causes ascites and hydrothorax
Meige’s syndrome – excision of tumor cures syndrome
most common malignant tumor in female genital tract
endometrial cancer
rapidly growing mass, protruding from introitus, often ‘grape like’
sarcoma botryoides - rhabdomyosarcoma of the bladder or vagina – good outcome
fever and right sided abdominal pain within 1 week after delivery/C-section
ovarian vein thrombophlebitis –dx w/ imaging (CT/MRI), manage w/ antibiotics + systemic anticoagulation
Bilateral parotid gland tumors
Warthin tumor- papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum, strong association with smoking
Most common benign salivary tumor
Pleomorphic Adenoma > papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum
Young adolescent severe unilateral epistaxis and nasal mass
Juvenile nasal angiofibroma
Sialolithiasis most commonly arises from…
submandibular gland
name thoracic outlet structures form anterior to posterior
subclavian vein, anterior scalene, subclavian artery, brachial plexus, middle scalene
most commonly injured nerve during a cervical lymph node dissection
spinal accessory nerve
cranial nerve most commonly injured by a temporal bone fracture
cranial nerve VII (facial)
anterior vs posterior epistaxis – which is more common? what are the etiologies? what is the general management?
anterior more common than posterior, caused by trauma (rupture of superficial mucosal vessels - Kiesselbach plexus), posterior more dangerous most commonly from branch of the sphenopalatine artery, associated with HTN / atherosclerosis – treatment involves posterior packing
most common type of parotid gland tumor
pleomorphic adenoma (benign mixed tumor)
most common injured nerve in parotid surgery
greater auricular nerve
persistent firm lateral neck mass – best diagnostic test
fine needle aspiration
