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CompTIA A+ 220-1102 > Misc. Topics I > Flashcards

Misc. Topics I Flashcards

1
Q

Local Users and Groups

A

lusrmgr.msc

rights and roles of users and groups on a local computer

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2
Q

Group Policy editor

A

gpedit.msc

define and control how programs, network resources, and the OS operate for users, groups and computers on a network

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3
Q

System Configuration

A

msconfig.exe

troubleshoot startup processes, disable or re-enable software, device drivers or other services that run at startup

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4
Q

FAT32

A

only supports drives up to 32 GB and files up to 4 GB

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5
Q

Heuristic Analysis

A

method employed by many computer anti-virus programs designed to detect previously unknown viruses and new variants.
It is behavior-based detection and prevention so it should stop it from spreading through the system.

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6
Q

bootrec /fixboot

A

repairs a drive’s boot sector

for when the “OS is not found” but the HDD shows up in the boot order

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7
Q

tracecert

A

traces an IP packet’s path from source to destination

will tell you where in the path connection may be broken, whereas ping will only tell you if connection has been made

performs a series of ICMP echo requests to determine where in the path there is a breakdown

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8
Q

Enhanced Open

A

feature of WPA3 (WiFi 6) which enable encryption for traffic being sent and received over a wireless signal when still using open authentication

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9
Q

Resource Monitor

A

resmon.exe

utility used to display info about the hardware and software resources in real time

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10
Q

System Info

A

msinfo32.exe

utility that gathers info about the computer and displays a comprehensive list of hardware, system components and software environment that can be used to diagnose

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11
Q

DirectX diagnostic

A

dxdiag.exe

utility used to collect info about devices to help troubleshoot problems with DirectX sound and video

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12
Q

Device Manager

A

dvmgmt.msc

utility used to view and control the hardware attached to the computer

it will highlight malfunctioning hardware so the tech can repair

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13
Q

GPT

A

GUID Partition Table

modern disk partitioning system allowing large numbers of partition and large partition sizes

need support of UEFI

capability of 9.7 ZB and up to 128 partitions

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14
Q

GDPR

A

regulated data

General Data Protection Regulation

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15
Q

PHI

A

regulated data

Protected Health Info

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16
Q

PCI

A

regulated data

Payment Card Industry

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17
Q

SFC

A

System File Checker

command utility in Windows that allows users to scan for and restore corrupted Windows System files from the command line

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18
Q

RegEdit

A

regedit

Registry Edit

allows to view and make changes to system files and programs that you wouldnt be able to access otherwise

the registry is a database made up of hives and keys that controls various settings on a Windows system

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19
Q

the ‘dd’ command

A

used to convert and copy files on Unix systems

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20
Q

NFS

A

Network File System

used to mount remote storage devices on Linux

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21
Q

Pagefile

A

In Windows it is a hidden system file with the .sys file extension

allows the computer to perform smoothly by reducing the workload of physical memory

every time you open more applications that the RAM can handle, the programs on the RAM are automatically transferred to the Pagefile

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22
Q

Where are Graphics Card drivers settings in Windows

A

under Device Management

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23
Q

Line condition

A

helps against under-voltage events

uninterruptible power supply

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24
Q

the ‘dig’ command

A

Linux command to query DNS to obtain info about host address, mail exchange, nameservices, and related info

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25
Q

Low-level formatting

A

should make recovering data on HDD impossible

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26
Q

Standard formatting

A

could allow data on HDDs to be restored

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27
Q

Windows 11 min requirements

A

dual core 1GHz processor

4GB RAM

64 GB of disk space

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28
Q

Windows 10 (x86 32 bit) min requirements

A

single core 1 GHz processor

1 GB RAM

16 GB of drive space (?)(elsewhere I saw 32 GB)

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29
Q

Windows 10 (x64 64 bit)

A

single core 1 GHz processor

2 GB RAM

20 GB of disk space (?)(elsewhere I saw 32 GB)

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30
Q

Setup log

A

contains a record of events during the Windows installation or upgrade process

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31
Q

‘Services’ feature in Task Manager

A

allows to disable Windows update service

32
Q

Private Network

A

allows computers and other services to be discoverable on the network

33
Q

Public Network

A

Does not allow computers or services to be discoverable on the network

34
Q

SAE

A

Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE) is a password-based authentication and password-authenticated key agreement method used in WPA3 that replaced the 4-way handshake used in WPA-based wireless networks.

The SAE handshake is also known as the dragonfly handshake. Enhanced Open enables encryption for traffic being sent and received over a wireless network when still using open authentication.

35
Q

AES GCMP

A

AES Galois Counter Mode Protocol (GCMP) is a high-performance mode of operation for symmetric encryption that supports authenticated encryption with associated data (AEAD).

36
Q

Repair installation

A

Repair installation is a type of installation that attempts to replace the existing version of the operating system files with a new copy of the same version.

A repair installation is useful when trying to repair a Windows computer that will not boot or when you believe the system files have become corrupted.

A repair installation will only affect the system files and not any of the user’s settings, customizations, or applications.

37
Q

Refresh installation

A

A refresh installation is a type of installation that will recopy the system files and revert most system settings to their default configuration while preserving user personalization settings, data files, and applications installed through the Windows Store.

Any applications installed outside of the Windows Store, though, will be deleted if you use a refresh installation.

38
Q

What risks to the servers could occur due to low humidity level?

A

accidental static discharge

39
Q

What risks to the servers could occur due to high humidity level?

A

Corrosion of the servers

40
Q

Line conditioner

A

Used to protect an entire power circuit from under-voltage events and power sags.

Raise a sag or under-voltage event back to normal levels, but it cannot protect the line from a complete power failure or power outage.

41
Q

Where to find Hyper-V on Windows

A

The Programs and Features section of the Control Panel allows a technician to install or remove applications, software packages, and features in the Windows operating system.

Hyper-V is considered an additional feature in Windows 10 Pro and can be enabled from the Windows Features section of the Programs and Features tool.

42
Q

DLP

A

Data loss prevention software detects potential data breaches/data ex-filtration transmissions and prevents them by monitoring, detecting, and blocking sensitive data while in use (endpoint actions), in-motion (network traffic), and at rest (data storage).

43
Q

What commands should you use to repair the first 512-byte sector on the hard disk?

A

bootrec /fixmbr

The master boot record (MBR) is the first 512-byte sector on a hard disk. It contains the partitioning information for a drive. To repair the master boot record (MBR), you should use the command “bootrec /fixmbr” and reboot the computer.

44
Q

make directory in windows

A

mkdir

45
Q

remove directory in windows

A

rmdir

46
Q

view the name of the device in windows

A

hostname

47
Q

format disk for use with windows (be careful you can lose data)

A

format diskname

48
Q

copy files from one location to another

A

copy (/v, /y)

/v - verifies that new files are written correctly

/y - answers yes to all the prompts

49
Q

copy files and directory trees in windows

A

xcopy

xcopy /s Documents m:\backups

50
Q

a better xcopy
included in windows 10 and 11

A

robocopy

51
Q

force a group policy update

A

gpupdate

gpupdate /target:{compute|user} /force

52
Q

verify policy settings for a computer or user

A

gpresult /r

53
Q

wait nn seconds then shut down on windows

A

shutdown /s /t nn

54
Q

shutdown and restart after nn seconds on windows

A

shutdown /r /t nn

55
Q

abort the countdown for a shutdown on windows

A

shutdown /a

56
Q

scan integrity of all protected files systems on windows

A

sfc /scannow

System File Checker

57
Q

fix logical file system errors on the disk on windows

A

chkdsk /f

58
Q

locate bad sectors and recovers readable information (implying fixing) of a disk/filesystem on windows

A

chkdsk /r

59
Q

manage disk configuration interpreter on windows

A

diskpart

60
Q

view the About Windows dialog

A

winver

61
Q

view IP info on windows

A

ipconfig

62
Q

test reachability

A

ping {IP address}

63
Q

network statistics

A

netstat

netstate -a
show all active connections

netstat -b
show binaries (windows)

netstat -n
dont resolve names

64
Q

look up info from DNS servers

A

nslookup

65
Q

view network resources

A

net view \<servername></servername>

net view /workgroup:<workgroupname></workgroupname>

66
Q

view user acct info and reset passwords

A

net user <username></username>

net user <username> * /domain</username>

67
Q

determine the route a packet takes to a destination

A

tracecert {IPaddress}

68
Q

change mode of filesystem on linux

A

chmod

chmod mode FILE

chmod 744 script.sh

69
Q

view interface address on linux

A

ip address

70
Q

view IP routing table on linux

A

ip route

71
Q

view file systems and free space on linux

A

df

df -h
view human readable sizes

72
Q

view the current processes on linux

A

ps

ps -e | more
view all processes

73
Q

view the ‘task manager’ for linux

A

top

74
Q

lookup information from the DNS server on linux

A

dig

75
Q

.vbs

A

microsoft Visual Basic script

used for windows related scripting

most often to automate things related to microsoft office

76
Q

.bat

A

batch file

commonly runs in the console or the command line of a windows device and it can automate the same process a user would normally perform at the command prompt

an example is to compare files on a windows workstation

77
Q

.ps1

A

PowerShell is a windows only scripting environment

extends functionality to enable the automation of internal windows and Active Directory functions

CompTIA A+ 220-1102 (5 decks)

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