Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SHU > Misc. surgical knowledge > Flashcards

Misc. surgical knowledge Flashcards

1
Q

CRP RR

A

<10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

WCC RR

A

<11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Phlegmon

A

a localised inflammatory mass of soft tissue, usually secondary to a bacterial infection. May develop into an abscess.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fat stranding

A

The change in attenuation of fat around an inflamed structure. Relatively high sensitivity for intra-abdominal pathology.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Radiologic features of fat stranding

A

Ill-defined margins, slightly increased density, fat still seen amid increased connective tissue lines.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

If a patient is recognised to be on DAPT pre-operatively what is the recommended course of action?

A

Hold 1 week prior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

If a patient is identified to be on warfarin pre-operatively what is the preferred course of action?

A

Check INR and potentially reverse with vitamin K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

If a patient is identified to be taking metformin pre-operatively what is the preferred course of action?

A

Hold 48hrs prior to surgery due to risk of lactic acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

If a patient is identified to be taking sulphonylureas pre-operatively what is the preferred course of action?

A

Short acting = hold morning of surgery
Long acting = hold 48hrs prior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

If a patient is found to be taking antihypertensives pre-operatively what is the preferred course of action?

A

ACEi and ARBs should be held for 24hrs prior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

If a patient is found to be taking fish oil pre-operatively then the preferred course of action is?

A

Hold 1 week prior to procedures with bleeding risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

If a patient is found to be taking steroids pre-operatively then what is the preferred course of action?

A

Increase the dose perioperatively if dose>5mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If a patient is found to be taking St John’s Wort pre-operatively what is the preferred course of action?

A

Hold 2 weeks prior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

If a patient is found to be a marijuana user pre-operatively what two things must be considered?

A

Higher anaesthetic requirements and increased airway irritability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If a patient is found to be a cocaine user pre-operatively what two pathologies are they at risk of developing?

A

Rhabdomyolysis and stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If a patient is found to be an amphetamine user preoperatively what 3 pathologies are they at increased risk for?

A

Rhabdomyolysis, coagulopathy and renal failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Situational risk factors for clotting include:

A

Age >70, reduced mobility, obesity and pregnancy/post-partum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Medical risk factors for clotting include:

A

Prior VTE, recent trauma, thrombophilia, cardiorespiratory failure, recent MI, ischaemic stroke, rheumatological disorders, orthopaedic surgery and varicose veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Risk factors for clotting:

A

Hormonal therapy, active cancer, acute infection and surgery

20
Q

Situational risk factors for bleeding

A

Active bleeding, coagulopathy and surgical procedures with high risk of bleeding

21
Q

past medical history risk factors for bleeding

A

Thrombocytopaenia, severe hepatic disease, haemorrhagic stroke and bleeding disorders

22
Q

The _____ risk prediction score can be used to predict risk of VTE in hospitalised patients

A

Padua

23
Q

A Padua score of >__ is indicative of high risk of VTE

A

4

24
Q

TEDS stockings are contraindicated in:

A

DVT, intermittent claudication, severe limb oedema, recent skin graft, leg deformity, diabetic neuropathy and dermatitis

25
Q

Non-pharmacological VTE prophylaxis includes:

A

TEDs stockings, intermittent compression devices and early mobilisation

26
Q

Pharmacological VTE prophylaxis should be administered ___-___hrs before/after surgery

A

6-12hrs before surgery

27
Q

Pharmacological VTE prophylaxis should be continued for __ postoperatively

A

1 week or until fully mobile

28
Q

The first-line pharmacological agent for VTE prophylaxis is:

A

Low molecular weight heparins e.g. enoxaparin

29
Q

Unfractionated heparin is indicated for VTE prophylaxis in the following conditions:

A

Severe renal impairment or requirement for rapid reversal

30
Q

Factor Xa inhibitors/thrombin inhibitors are indicated for VTE prophylaxis in the following conditions:

A

Hip/knee replacement surgery, hip fracture surgery, current DVT/PE

31
Q

Warfarin is indicated for VTE prophylaxis in the following situation:

A

Current DVT/PE with renal impairment

32
Q

Tetanus toxoid should be administered when the last immunisation was:

A

Greater than 5 years ago

33
Q

Risk factors for tetanus infection include:

A

Gross wound contamination, delayed presentation (>6hrs), >1cm deep, avulsion/puncture/crush injury, body fluid exposure, instances where an ischaemic element is present, compound fractures, extensive tissue burns

34
Q

Local anaesthesia mechanism of action

A

Inactivates sodium channels which inhibits depolarisation of the neuron and therefore prevents the transmission of the pain signal

35
Q

Short-acting local anaesthetics include:

A

Lignocaine and lignocaine with adrenaline

36
Q

The maximum dose of lignocaine is:

A

3mg/kg

37
Q

The maximum dose of lignocaine with adrenaline is:

A

6mg/kg

38
Q

Advantages of lignocaine include:

A

Fast onset and less cardiotoxic

39
Q

Long acting local anaesthetics include:

A

Bupivacaine and ropivacaine

40
Q

The maximum dose of bupivacaine is:

A

2mg/kg

41
Q

The maximum dose of ropivacaine is:

A

3mg/kg

42
Q

Sepsis definition

A

An acute life-threatening condition characterised by organ dysfunction due to a dysregulated immune response to infection

43
Q

Sepsis can be classified by severity into:

A

SIRS, sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock

44
Q

The most common cause of sepsis is:

A

Community-acquired pneumonia

45
Q

Causative pathogens in sepsis are usually:

A

Gram positive bacteria

46
Q

Risk factors for development of sepsis include:

A

Age less than 1 or greater than 65, diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression, intensive care, invasive medical devices

47
Q

Symptoms of sepsis include:

A

Chills, diaphoresis, oliguria and symptoms of primary infection

SHU (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions