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Gastroenterology > Misc. > Flashcards

Misc. Flashcards

1
Q

Chicago v4.0 IRP threshold

A

> 15 mmHg

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2
Q

Achalasia subtypes

A

I: no peristalsis
II: pressurization
III: spastic

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3
Q

GERD confirmatory pH test

A

acid exposure time (AET) > 6%

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4
Q

EoE biopsy criteria

A

> /= 15 eos/HPF

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5
Q

NAFLD diagnostic criteria

A

fat > 5% on imaging, no alcohol abuse

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6
Q

Portal HTN SAAG

A

> 1.1

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7
Q

MELD components (4)

A

bilirubin
INR
creatinine
sodium

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8
Q

Maddrey Discriminant Function threshold for steroids

A

> 32

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9
Q

Components of Mayo score (4)

A

stool frequency
bleeding
endoscopy
physician’s global assessment (PGA)

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10
Q

CDAI remission score

A

< 150

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11
Q

Glasgow-Blatchford score for admission

A

> /= 2

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12
Q

H. pylori quadruple therapy (w/ doses)

A

bismuth 300 mg QID
metronidazole 500 mg TID
tetracycline 500 mg QID
PPI BID

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13
Q

H. pylori salvage regimen (w/ doses)

A

levofloxacin 500 mg daily
amoxicillin 1 g BID
PPI BID

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14
Q

When to perform EGD in dyspepsia

A

> 60 years or alarm features

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15
Q

Bowel prep adequacy score

A

BBPS >/= 6

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16
Q

IRP threshold for normal LES relaxation

A

< 15 mmHg

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17
Q

Distal latency (DL) cutoff for spastic disorders

A

< 4.5 sec

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18
Q

Wilson’s pathophysiology

A

impaired copper excretion

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19
Q

Pathology finding in UC

A

crypt abscesses

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20
Q

Imaging interval for cirrhosis

A

US q6 months

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21
Q

AFP cutoff for HCC concern

A

> 20 ng/mL

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22
Q

Dysphagia w/ both solids and liquids diagnosis

A

motility disorder

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23
Q

Most common cause of PUD

A

H. pylori > NSAIDs

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24
Q

Gastronome diagnosis

A

fasting gastrin > 1,000 pg/mL or secretin test

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25
Q

Menetrier’s disease pathophysiology

A

excess TGF-alpha

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26
Q

Most common type of gastric cancer

A

adenocarcinoma

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27
Q

Celiac serologies (2)

A

anti-tTG IgA
total IgA

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28
Q

Gold standard for celiac diagnosis

A

duodenal biopsy (villous atrophy)

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29
Q

SIBO diagnosis

A

positive glucose/lactulose breath test

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30
Q

Whipple’s disease organism

A

Tropheryma whipplei

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31
Q

Lynch syndrome genetic mutation

A

mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MSH2)

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32
Q

Familial adenomatous polyposis gene

A

APC

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33
Q

C. diff severe disease criteria

A

WBC > 15,000
Cr > 1.5x baseline

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34
Q

First-line treatment for Wilson’s disease

A

penicillamine or trientine

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35
Q

Hemochromatosis genetic mutation

A

HFE (C282Y)

36
Q

Chronic pancreatitis diagnosis gold standard

A

secretin stimulation test

37
Q

Classic imaging finding in PSC

A

“beaded” bile ducts on ERCP/MRCP

38
Q

PSC disease association

A

ulcerative colitis

39
Q

Best test for functional gallbladder disorder

A

HIDA scan w/ CCK stimulation

40
Q

First-line steroid-sparing agent for Crohn’s

A

azathioprine or methotrexate

41
Q

Rome IV IBS criteria

A

abdominal pain 1 day/week x 3 months
+ 2 of: related to defecation, stool frequency, stool form

42
Q

Gastric emptying cutoff for gastroparesis

A

> 10% retention at 4 hours

43
Q

Child-Pugh components (5)

A

bilirubin
albumin
INR
ascites
encephalopathy

44
Q

MELD threshold for transplant listing

A

> /= 15

45
Q

Rockall score purpose

A

predict UGIB mortality

46
Q

Glasgow-Blatchford score purpose

A

predict need for UGIB admission

47
Q

Most common cause of cirrhosis worldwide

A

hepatitis B

48
Q

Common mutation in hereditary pancreatitis

A

PRSS1

49
Q

Pathophysiology of Gilbert’s syndrome

A

UGT1A1 deficiency

50
Q

Pathology finding in Crohn’s

A

non-caveating granulomas

51
Q

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome fasting gastrin threshold

A

> 1000 pg/mL

52
Q

Screening in asymptomatic celiac relatives

A

anti-tTG IgA + total IgA

53
Q

SBO surgical intervention criteria

A

persistent symptoms > 24-48 hours or peritonitis

54
Q

Definition of refractory celiac disease

A

non-response to gluten-free diet after 6-12 months

55
Q

Hepatitis B treatment threshold

A

HBV DNA > 2000 IU/mL + ALT > 2x ULN or fibrosis

56
Q

HCC screening in cirrhosis

A

ultrasound + AFP every 6 months

57
Q

Indication for albumin in SBP

A

Cr > 1, BUN > 30 or bilirubin > 4

58
Q

Autoimmune hepatitis treatment

A

prednisone +/- azathioprine

59
Q

Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment duration for HCV without cirrhosis

A

8-12 weeks

60
Q

BISAP score cutoff for severe pancreatitis

A

> /= 3

61
Q

Screening for pancreatic cancer in high-risk patients

A

MRI/MRCP or EUS starting at age 50 (or 10 years before earliest family case)

62
Q

Indication for prophylactic cholecystectomy in gallstones

A

porcelain gallbladder or sickle cell anemia

63
Q

Vedolizumab mechanism of action

A

anti-integrin (gut-selective)

64
Q

PPI duration post-hemostasis in UGIB

A

BID dosing for 2 weeks

65
Q

Definition of massive LGIB

A

> 1000 mL in 24 hours

66
Q

Hepatitis A vaccine schedule

A

0 and 6-12 months

67
Q

When to stop CRC screening

A

age 75 (or 85 if life expectancy > 10 years)

68
Q

Indications for prophylactic antibiotics in cirrhosis

A

variceal bleed or low ascitic protein (< 1.5 g/dL)

69
Q

Mutation in Wilson’s disease

A

ATP7B (defective copper transport)

70
Q

Achalasia pathophysiology

A

degeneration of myenteric plexus

71
Q

Most common mutation in hereditary hemochromatosis

A

C282Y in HFE gene

72
Q

Pathophysiology of Meckel’s diverticulum

A

ectopic gastric or pancreatic tissue

73
Q

Primary abnormality in PBC

A

T-cell-mediated destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts

74
Q

Pathogenesis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma

A

mutation in KRAS gene and loss of tumor suppressors like p53

75
Q

Pancreatitis definition

A

2/3 of the following:
abdominal pain
lipase or amylase > 3x ULN
imaging findings

76
Q

Test to confirm chronic pancreatitis

A

EUS or MRCP

77
Q

Test to assess for alcohol-induced pancreatitis

A

elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)

78
Q

Test for suspected autoimmune pancreatitis

A

serum IgG4 levels

79
Q

Test to confirm exocrine insufficiency in chronic pancreatitis

A

fecal elastase < 200 mcg/g stool

80
Q

Anti-smooth muscle antibody association

A

autoimmune hepatitis

81
Q

Serology diagnostic for PBC

A

anti-mitochondrial antibodies

82
Q

Anti-mitochondrial antibody association

A

PBC

83
Q

Test for Wilson’s disease (2)

A

serum ceruloplasmin (low)
24-hour urinary copper (high)

84
Q

First test for suspected achalasia

A

barium swallow

85
Q

Gold standard testing for achalasia

A

esophageal manometry

86
Q

Lab elevated in carcinoid syndrome

A

urine 5-HIAA

87
Q

Most specific test for celiac disease

A

anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA antibodies

Gastroenterology (7 decks)

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