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Misc Flashcards

1
Q

500 cal deficit M vs F

A

M: 1500-1800
F: 1200-1500

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2
Q

Pancreatic hormones (3)

A

Amylin (beta) slows gastric emptying
Insulin (beta)
Glucagon (alpha)

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3
Q

TEE components

A

REE 65%
Thermic food 10%
Activity 25%

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4
Q

Dercums

A

Lipomas of abdoemn and thigh in obese

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5
Q

Muffling St Jeor

A

REE = (10xweight) + (6.25xH) - (5xage)
(Minus 161 if F)
(Plus 5 if male)

Better than Harris Benedict for obesity

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6
Q

HR exercise

A

Max = 220 - age
50-70% moderate
70-85% vigorous

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7
Q

Macros calories

A

Carb 4 cal
Protein 4 cal
Fat 9 cal
Etoh 7 cal

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8
Q

Ped pace weight loss

A

2-5yo: 1lb/mo if >99th
6-11yo: 1lb/mo if >95th
12-18yo: <2lb/week if >95th

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9
Q

PCOS dx

A

2/3
Hyperandrogenism
Menstrual irregularity
Polycystic ovaries (u/s)

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10
Q

PCOS hormones

A

> LH:FSH

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11
Q

Setmelanotide side effects

A

Skin hyperpig
SI
HyperSex

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12
Q

Phentermine/topomax dosing

A

3.75/23
…(2 weeks, increase x1. <3% weight loss at 12 weeks, increase q2 weeks until max dose)…
15/92

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13
Q

Naltrexone/Wellbutrin dosing

A

8/90
…
X4

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14
Q

AOM highest HTN risk

A

Wellbutrin

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15
Q

AOM GFR adjustments

A

<30 avoid
>50 ok

Metformin <30 avoid

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16
Q

SHBG

A

High: females, weight loss, age
Low: PCOS, obesity, Cushing

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17
Q

Testosterone effects

A

Weight loss
Decr waist
Decr A1C
Decr lipids

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18
Q

Keto effects

A

Less seizures
Incr LDL

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19
Q

Metformin for pre diabetes

A

<60yo
BMi>35
GDM hx

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20
Q

AOM metabolic acidosis

A

Metformin- anion gap
Topomax- non anion gap

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21
Q

AOM decreases b12 absorption

A

Metformin

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22
Q

Cancer obesity

A

Kidney panc GB
Multiple myeloma
Ovaries
Meningioma
Thyroid

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23
Q

Exercise
Stress test?

A

M >40
F >50
Vigorous

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24
Q

Obesity fat%

A

M >25%
F >32%

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25
Q

Pregnancy weight gain

A

Overweight 15-25
Obese 11-20

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26
Q

% weight loss, metabolic benefit

A

2.5% triglycerides
5% BP, HDL, LDL

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27
Q

Med for antipsychotic weight gain

A

Metformin

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28
Q

Exercise calorie estimation

A

Cal/min = METS x 3.5 (weight)/200

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29
Q

Recommended macros

A

Protein 10-35%
Carb 45-65%
Fat 25-35%

30
Q

Rybelsus dosing

A

3 (gi tolerance) - 7- 14

31
Q

AOM hepatic adjustment

A

Child Pugh 7-9 reduce
>9 avoid

32
Q

Diet change to lipids

A

Low fat- lowers LDL
Low carb- lowers TG, raises HDL

33
Q

Pediatric obesity classes

A

1 >95th
2 120-140% of 95th (>35bmi)
3 >140% of 95th (>40)

34
Q

Raw egg whites inhibit

A

Biotin absorption

35
Q

Pediatric HTN

A

<13yo
90-95% elevated
>95% HTN
>95% + 12 HTN 2

> 13
120-129
130-139
140

36
Q

Pediatric lipids (and tx)

A

9-11yo all (2-8 with RF) (fam hx or other comorb)

High trig- lifestyle change, incr omega3
Q6mo

High trig and LDL- plant sterol esters, fiber (statin if >8yo)

High LDL only- +/- PSE and fiber

37
Q

Pediatric MAFLD screen

A

9-11yo
Overweight with RF (fam hx, pre diabetes)
Obese all

> 44F, >52M (multi)
80x1
GI consult

38
Q

Pediatric diabetes screen, frequency

A

> 10yo
Overweight or obese
RF (fam hx, mom gDM, no white, signs)
Q2yrs, earlier if increasing BMI

(ADA only)

39
Q

Reactive hypoglycemia meds

A

Acarbose
Octreotide
CCB
Diazoxide

40
Q

Vitamin absorption gut

A

Duo: Fe, Ca
Jeju: folate, carbs, AA
Ileum: B12, ADEK
Colon: B1 (thiamine), B3, biotin, vit K

41
Q

Vegan vitamin concerns

A

VitD
VitB12
Omega3
Lysine

42
Q

Vitamins E deficiency

A

Hemolytic anemia

43
Q

Selenium deficiency

A

Cardiomyopathy
Anemia
Diarrhea

44
Q

Zinc deficiency

A

Anosmia
Hair loss
Pica
Diarrhea

45
Q

Copper deficiency

A

Anemia
Poor wound healing
Neutropenia

46
Q

GLP1 produced by

A

Distal small bowel, colon
L cells

47
Q

CCk produced by

A

Duo, jeju
I cells

48
Q

PPY 3-36

A

Distal SB, colon, rectum
L cells

49
Q

Oxyntomodulin produced by, fxn

A

Distal SB, colon
L cells
Incr GLP (incr glucagon some)

50
Q

GIP produced by

A

Duo, jeju
K cells

51
Q

MC4R deficiency

A

AD
Chromo 11

Tall
Big boned
Insulin resistance

MC monogenic mutation!

52
Q

Prader Willi

A

Paternal deletion
Chr 15

Almond eyes
Small hands
Hypogonad
Short

53
Q

Albright hereditary osteodystrophy

A

AD

Pseudohypoparathyroidism (high pth, low ca)
Short 4th Mcp
Short

54
Q

POMC deficiency

A

AR
Chr 2

Red hair
Fair
Adrenal insufficiency

55
Q

Cohen syndrome

A

AR
Chr 8q22

Small head
Open mouth
Narrow hands
Joint hyper mobility
Leukopenia
Retinal dystrophy

56
Q

Beckwith Wiedeman

A

Spont
11p15.5

Hepatsplenonephromegaly
Hepatoblastoma, Wilms
Macro glossia
Omphalocele
Microcephalic
No Devo delay

57
Q

Borgeson Forssman Lehman syndrome

A

X linked

Gynecomastia
Hypogonadism
Large ear lobes
Seizures
Short

58
Q

Alstrom syndrome

A

AR
Chr 2 (ALMS mutation)

Dilated cardiomyopathy
Blind
Deaf
Diabetes
Short

59
Q

Rx for NES

60
Q

Leptin mutation

A

AR
Chr15, ob gene
Infertility

61
Q

Bardet Biedl

A

AR
BBS gene

Renal malformations
Blindness
Polydactyly

62
Q

Biotin deficiency

A

Facial dermatitis
Neuro findings (depression, neuropathy, hallucinations)

63
Q

Biotin deficiency

A

Facial dermatitis
Neuro findings (depression, neuropathy, hallucinations)

64
Q

Orlistat contraindications

A

Chole stasis
Oxalate nephropathy

65
Q

Phentermine contraindications

A

Hyperthyroid
MAOI
Glaucoma
CAD

66
Q

Pediatric AOM obesity

A

Setmelanotide 6
12: orlistat, liraglutide, semaglutide, phent/topiramate
16: phentermine

(No naltrexone/bupropion, Zepbound)

67
Q

Energy type for slow and fast twitch fibers

A

Slow (type I): oxidative metabolism (more mitochondria to make ATP)
Fast (type II): anaerobic glycolysis

68
Q

Zinc supplement. Risk for?

A

Copper deficiency

69
Q

SMART goals

A

Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Realistic
Time bound

70
Q

Folate deficiency meds

A

MTX
Phenytoin
Sulfasalazine
TMP-SMX

71
Q

Precontemplation vs contemplation

A

Unaware or unwilling to change

Vs willing to change in next 6mo

72
Q

Body dysmorphia meds

A

SSRI and topomax

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