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NCLEX > MISC. > Flashcards

MISC. Flashcards

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1
Q

Supine

A

laying Flat on back
- rest
- assessments to clients anterior

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2
Q

Prone

A

Laying on stomach
- extension of hips and knees
- drainage of secretions
- cleft palate
- ARDS

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3
Q

Low Fowlers

A

HOB 15-30 degrees
- reduce low back pain
- rest

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4
Q

Semi-Fowlers

A

HOB 30-45 degrees
- GERD
- Trach care

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5
Q

Fowlers

A

HOB 45-60 degrees
- prepare for walking
- rest after feeding if NGT or aspiration risk
- dec ICP
- GERD

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6
Q

High Fowlers

A

HOB 60-90 degrees
- best for lung expansion
- dec aspiration risk
- pulmonary embolism
- placing an NGT
- taking X-ray
- Eating

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7
Q

Right Lateral Recumbent

A

laying on Right side
- Gastric emptying
- post-op liver biopsy

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8
Q

Left Lateral Recumbent

A

laying on left side
- Pregnancy

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9
Q

Trandelenburg

A

HOB lower then feet
- Promoted Venus return
- hypotension
- prolapsed umbilical cord
- air embolism (left later trandelenburg)

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10
Q

Reverse Trandelenburg

A

HOB higher then feet (body flat)
- promoted gastic emptying
- Prevent reflux

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11
Q

Sims

A

Recovery position
- assessment of parental area
- enema (left)

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12
Q

Knee-to-chest

A
  • tet spell
  • prolapsed umbilical cord
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13
Q

High carb diet

A
  • Grains
  • Pasta
  • Bread
  • Rice
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14
Q

Low Carb diet

A
  • Fruits
  • Veggies
  • Meats
  • Eggs
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15
Q

High Protein Diet

A
  • Fish
  • Chicken
  • Beans
  • Steak
  • Daily products
  • Rice
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16
Q

Low Protein Diet

A
  • Fruits
  • Veggies
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17
Q

High fat diet

A
  • Fried
    Sugar
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18
Q

Low fat diet

A
  • Veggies
  • fruits
  • grains
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19
Q

Potassium Diet

A
  • Avocados
    • Oranges
    • Yogurt
    • Milk
    • Salmon
    • Dried beans
      Banana
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20
Q

Calcium diet

A
  • Cheese
    • Leafy greens
    • Soy milk
    • Tofu
      almonds
21
Q

Phosphorus Diet

A
  • Chocolate & cola
    • Beans
    • Dairy
    • Meats
    • Nuts
      Grains & seeds
22
Q

Sodium diet

A
  • Soy sauce
    • Canned food
    • Processed meats
    • Table salt
    • Condiments
      Popcorn
23
Q

Cystic Fibrosis Diet

A
  • high calories
  • High protein
24
Q

Liver disease diet

A
  • Low protein
  • Low sodium
  • Low fat
25
Q

Walker

A
  • stand in centre of walker
  • slide walker forward 6-8 in
  • keep all 4 feet of walker on ground
  • step forward with affected side
  • keep weight on walker and unaffected leg
  • bring unaffected leg up to walker
26
Q

Cane

A
  • goes on unaffected side
  • slight bend in elbow
  • cane moved forward 6-10 in
  • affected leg moved forward with cane
  • unaffected leg then moved past cane
27
Q

Crutches

A
  • Fit
    ○ 2-3 finger space between armpit & top of crutch Bend in elbows
    • Up the stairs
      ○ Crutch on bad side Good leg up Crutch and bad side follow
    • Down the stairs
      Crutch on good side Bad leg & crutch down Good leg follows
28
Q

2-point crutch

A
  • partial weight bearing
  • crutch and opposing leg forward at the same time
29
Q

3-point crutch

A

-non-weight bearing and can progress to partial weight bearing
- crutches advanced with affected leg
- unaffected leg brought forward

30
Q

4-point crutch

A
  • partial weight bearing
  • stability
  • each leg advances alternately with opposing crutch
31
Q

swing through crutch

A
  • non-weight bearing or partial
  • requires balance
  • stand on unaffected leg
  • move both crutches forward
  • brace hand grips for support
  • swing both legs through the crutch
32
Q

Justice

A
  • Fairness
    • To distribute care evenly
    • To administer care fairly
      To be just and equitable
33
Q

Beneficence

A
  • Doing good
    Doing the right thing for the client
34
Q

Nonmaleficence

A
  • Doing no harm
    • No intentional harm
      No unintentional harm
35
Q

Accountability

A
  • Accepting responsibility for your actions
    • Responsible for your nursing care
    • Responsible for your actions
      Accept the consequences of your actions
36
Q

Fidelity

A
  • Keeping your promises
    • Faithful
      True to professional responsibilities
37
Q

Autonomy

A
  • “The nurse accepts the client as a unique person who has the innate right to have their own opinions, perspectives, values and beliefs.”
    • Encouraging clients to make their own decisions
    • No judgement or coercion
    • The client has the right to refuse any and all treatment
38
Q

Veracity

A
  • Telling the truth
    • Must be completely truthful with your clients
    • You may not withhold any part of the truth from your client
    • This includes when news may upset or cause the client distress; it does not give you the right not to be truthful with them.
39
Q

Medical Power of Attorney

A
  • Legal document
    • Designates a specific person to make medical decision for the client should they be unable to make their own decisions
    • If the client doesn’t have a MPOA, laws vary state by state on who the decision goes to
40
Q

Buddhism

A
  • value turning inward & practicing self-control
  • May follow vegetarian diet
  • no alcohol
  • May fast on Holy Days
  • Burial or cremation permitted upon death
41
Q

Christianity

A
  • believe gods love will provide enlightment and in an afterlife of heaven or hell after death
  • some may avoid alcohol and caffeine
  • Roman Catholics
    -> mat fast on Ash Wednesday & good friday
    -> may not consume meat on Fridays during lent (40 day period before easter)
42
Q

Christian Scientits

A
  • Believe faith heals the body, may decline medical treatment
43
Q

Mormonism

A
  • No alcohol
  • No caffeine
  • No tobacco
44
Q

Islam

A
  • May wish to worship/pray 5 times daily (salah)
    -> must be clean before prayers
  • No pork or alcohol, avoid caffeine
  • Fast from sunrise to sunset during Ramadan
  • Specific procedures of slaughter for meat
  • At death, rituals of bathing and wrapping the body should be preformed before body is moved
45
Q

Jehovah’s Witness

A
  • No blood products for medical treatment
  • Avoid food containing blood
46
Q

Judaism

A
  • May follow kosher diet
    -> no pork or shellfish (fish with scales permitted)
    -> no mixing dairy products with meat dishes
  • fast for 24 hours on Yom Kippur
  • No leavened bread during Passover
  • son circumcised at 8 days
  • day of rest on Shabbat (sundown Friday to sundown Saturday)
  • Extremely sick of dying person should not be left unattended, and bod of deceased should not be left alone until funeral
  • May observe Shiva - week-long mourning ritual
47
Q

Hinduism

A
  • Some are vegetarians (believe in NOT killing living animals)
  • No meat, poultry, fish/shelfish
    -> Beef especially avoided - cow is considered a sacred animal
  • No alcohol
  • Washing with running water important, ma prefer taking a shower VS bath
48
Q

Seventh-Day Adventist

A
  • No pork, fish/shellfish
    -> May follow vegetarian diet
    -No alcohol or caffeine

NCLEX (22 decks)

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