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Physics GCSE > Misc. > Flashcards

Misc. Flashcards

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1
Q

Give three examples of a vector quantity

A

E.g. displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, momentum

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2
Q

What is meant by velocity?

A

The speed in a given direction

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3
Q

What is meant by the term “displacement”?

A

Distance an object moves, measured in a straight line from start to finish, with the direction of that line

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4
Q

When considering pairs of forces in Newton’s Third Law, what can you say about the forces?

A

They must be the same type of force, and on different objects

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5
Q

What are the changes to stored energy when a vehicle slows down?

A

The kinetic energy store of the object decreases, and the thermal energy store of the brakes increases

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6
Q

What is Newton’s Second Law of Motion?

A

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the resultant force acting on the object, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object (F=ma)

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7
Q

What is meant by the term “resultant force”?

A

The one single force that can replace a number of forces and has the same effect as all the original forces acting together

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8
Q

Define the specific heat capacity of a material

A

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of an object by 1 degree Celsius

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9
Q

What do physicists mean by the term “weight”?

A

The force due to gravity acting on an object

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10
Q

What is a free body force diagram?

A

A diagram showing all the forces acting on a single object only

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11
Q

Compare speed and velocity for an object moving at a constant speed in a circle

A

The speed is constant. The velocity changes, because the direction changes

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12
Q

State the equation for efficiency

A

Efficiency = useful energy output/total energy input

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13
Q

What equation links acceleration, change in velocity, and time?

A

Acceleration = Change in velocity/time taken
a = Δv/t

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14
Q

What is a scalar quantity?

A

A quantity with magnitude only

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15
Q

What is Newton’s Third Law of Motion?

A

When object A exerts a force on object B, object B exerts an equal and opposite force on object A

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16
Q

Give three examples of a scalar quantity

A

E.g. mass, distance, time, temperature, energy

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17
Q

Give an example of a non-useful energy transfer

A

E.g. transfer to the thermal store of the surroundings

18
Q

What is the equation that links power, energy transferred and time?

A

Energy transferred = power x time
E = Pt

19
Q

What is meant by dissipation of energy?

A

Energy becomes stored in non-useful ways (usually the thermal store of the surrounding)

20
Q

Suggest ways in which efficiency of a machine could be increased

A

Use lubrication to reduce friction, use wires of a lower resistance

21
Q

What is the acceleration of an object falling freely under gravity near the Earth’s surface?

A

9.8 m/s^2

22
Q

How is weight calculated?

A

Weight = mass x gravitational field strength
W = mg

23
Q

What can you say about the resultant force of an object moving at terminal velocity?

A

Resultant force is zero

24
Q

What is meant by the “centre of mass” of an object?

A

The single point where the weight of an object may be considered to act

25
Q

What is a vector quantity?

A

A quantity with magnitude and direction

26
Q

Describe what happens to the half-life of a radioactive sample over time

A

Nothing, it stays constant forever

27
Q

Name the magnetic pole at the arrowhead end of a compass

A

Magnetic north pole

28
Q

Describe how a magnetic field diagram shows where the magnetic field is strongest

A

Where the magnetic field lines are closest together

29
Q

Define half-life in terms of activity

A

The time it takes for the activity of a sample to halve

30
Q

What does a north pole do to another north pole?

A

Repels

31
Q

State the names for the two ends of a magnet

A

The north and south pole

32
Q

Define half-life in terms of number of unstable nuclei

A

The time it takes for the number of unstable nuclei in sample to halve

33
Q

Define induced magnet

A

A material which generates a magnetic field around it only when it is placed inside another magnetic field

34
Q

Describe the relationship between the distance from a magnet and the strength of the magnetic field in that location

A

The greater the distance from the magnet, the weaker the magnetic field

35
Q

Give two ways to find the shape of the magnetic field around a permanent magnet

A

Use a compass or sprinkle iron filings around the magnet

36
Q

State what surrounds a permanent magnet

A

A magnetic field

37
Q

State where the magnetic field is strongest around a permanent magnet

A

At the poles

37
Q

State the direction in which magnetic field lines point

A

From north to south

38
Q

State whether the force between an induced magnet and a permanent magnet is always attractive or repulsive

A

Always attractive

39
Q

Name three magnetic chemical elements

A

Iron, nickel and cobalt

Physics GCSE (10 decks)

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