Misc

Question 1

Potential complications of mandibular distraction osteogenesis

Answer 1

Premature bony consolidation
Open bite deformity
TMJ ankylosis

Complications more common in pts who had trach prior to MDO

Question 2

What is the name for non traumatic subluxation if the Atlantis oak joint?

Answer 2

Grisel syndrome

Question 3

Symptoms of grisel syndrome?

Answer 3

Neck pain, torticollis, pain on head rotation

Question 4

Risk of leukemia or brain tumor due to head CT

Answer 4

1 case leukemia or brain tumor per 10,000 head CT scans

Relative risk 3.18 for leukemia
2.82 for brain tumors

Question 5

What sign is twitching of facial muscles in response to tapping over facial nerve.

Answer 5

Chvvosteks sign

Due to acquired hypoparathyroidism postop so hypocalcemia

Question 6

What is name of sign for carpopedal spasm of hand and wrist when BP cuff is inflated over systolic pressure for 3 min-

Answer 6

Trousseau signs

Due to hypoparathyroidism /hypocalcemia

Question 7

When are DPOAEs considered present?

Answer 7

When they are at least 6 dB above the level of the noise floor.

Question 8

Most common cause of bacterial tracheitis?

Answer 8

Staph aureus

Question 9

Definition of EOE

Answer 9

15 or more eosinophils per HPF

Question 10

Definition of persistent bacterial bronchitis

Answer 10

1. Presence wet cough
2. Response to abics (amox-clav) within 2 weeks of use
3. Lower airway infection defined as presence of resp pathogens at a density of > 10 to 4th CFUs/ml BAL in absence of evidence of infection with Bordetella pertussis, mycoplasma pneumonia, chlamydia infection (according to PCR)

Question 11

Alkaline agents cause what type of injury when ingested

Answer 11

Liquefaction necrosis

Question 12

Most common type of TEF. Second most common

Answer 12

EA with distal TEF(85%)

EA alone (8%)

TEF alone (H type) 4%

EA with proximal and distal TEF 3%

EA with proximal TEF (1%)

Question 13

Symptoms of sincipital (frontoethmoidal) encephaloceles

Answer 13

15% of encephaloceles
Mass medial to middle turb
Between frontal and ethmoid bones at foremen cecum anterior to cribiform plate
Pulsatilla
Expansion with crying or jugular being compression (Furstenburg sign)

Question 14

Survival for malignant salivary gland tumors in kids

Answer 14

93%

26% will have recurrence

Question 15

What lab should be checked with periodic limb movement disorder

Answer 15

Ferritin

Question 16

3 stages of skin graft

Answer 16

1) imbibition (absorption of nutrients from underlying tissue
2) vascular inisculatiin (graft vessels grow to meet recipient vessels
3) neovascularizatiin

Question 17

For DISE- which anesthetic agent shows more collapse (and can overestimate obstruction).

Answer 17

Propofol

Question 18

What type of abic inhibits cell wall synthesis?

Answer 18

Cephalosporins

Question 19

What type of abic inhibits DNA gyrase and topoisomerase

Answer 19

Fluoroquinolones

Question 20

Mechanism of macrolides

Answer 20

Inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50s subunit of bacterial ribosome

Question 21

Mechanism of TMP-SMX

Answer 21

Inhibits DNA synthesis by disrupting folic acid synthesis

Question 22

Which class of medications needs to be stopped prior to skin testing

Answer 22

Beta blockers

Question 23

Treatment for malignant hypothermia

Answer 23

Dantrolene

Question 24

Kasabach Merritt syndrome associated with what lesion

Answer 24

Tufted angioma
Or
Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma

Looks like big raised bruise
Need to check CBC to check platelets

Question 25

Melkersen- Rosenthal syndrome

Answer 25

Associated with fissured tongue Facial paralysis- relapsing Lip swelling/Oro facial swelling Granulomatous disease

Question 26

Features of NF1

Answer 26

``` Cafe au lairs spots Freckles in armpits and groin Neurofibromas Lisch nodules in iris Optic gliomas ``` NF1 gene Autosomal dominant

Question 27

Diagnostic criteria for NF1

Answer 27

At least 2 of following 6 or more cafe-au-lait spots > 5 mm in prepubertal and > 15 mm in postpubertal individuals ``` 2 or more NF or 1 plexiform nf Axillary or inguinal freckling 2 or more lisch nodules Optic glioma Bone lesion… First degree relative with NF1 ```

Question 28

NF2 criteria

Answer 28

Bilateral vestibular schwanomas Fam hi if nf2 plus unilateral vs or any 2 of following… meningitis, Schwann I’m a, glioma, neurofibromas, pst subcapsular lenticular opacity Etc.

Question 29

What is Holman -Miller sign.

Answer 29

Anterior bowing of posterior wall of maxillary sinus with JNA

Question 30

Increased risk if recurrence if jna

Answer 30

Vascular supply from internal carotid artery’s

Question 31

Which muscle opens Eustachian tube.

Answer 31

Tensor veli palatini

Question 32

On biopsy there are sheets of eosinophils and multinucleated giant cells. Diagnosis?

Answer 32

Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Question 33

Compared to adult T Bone Fx Ped T Bone fx

Answer 33

Has lower rate of facial nerve injury

Question 34

NF2 is from which chromosome

Answer 34

22

Question 35

Genetics of alport syndrome

Answer 35

X linked

Question 36

Most common suture affected in non-syndromic craniosynostosis.

Answer 36

Saggital

Question 37

Most common suture affected in syndrome craniosynostosis?

Answer 37

Bilateral coronal

Question 38

What is oculocardiac reflex?

Answer 38

Decrease in HR due to entrapment of extraocular muscles (trap door deformity). Need to operate immediately. If entrapment but no ovulocardiac reflex the surgery should be within 24-48 hours. If longer then risk of permanent diplopia.

Question 39

Most common cause of infection from cat bite?

Answer 39

Pasteurella

Question 40

What antibiotic should be rx for prophylaxis for cat or dog bite?

Answer 40

Amox-clav

Question 41

What is most common site of mandible fracture?

Answer 41

Condyle

Question 42

Angles classification of malocclusion

Answer 42

1. Intercuspation of the medial cusp of the maxillary first molar with the buccal groove of the mand 1st molar. 2. Mesiobuccal cusp of maxillary 1st molar occluded mesial to the buccal groove of mand 1st molar 3. Medial buccal cusp of maxillary 1st molar occludes distal to buccal groove of the mandibular 1st molar.

Question 43

Genetic cause of aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss

Answer 43

Maternally inherited 12Sr RNA mutation

Question 44

How many infantile hemangioma (the most common vascular tumor) and needed before one should investigate further

Answer 44

5. If 5 or more then US or MRI to look for liver hemangioma.

Question 45

Time course of i volition of infantile hemangiomas

Answer 45

30% involute by 3 years 50% by 5 years Some last 10 years

Question 46

Mechanism of propranolol for IH

Answer 46

Not fully understood | Likely related to VEGF and adrenergic vasoconstriction pathways

Question 47

MEN1

Answer 47

Parathyroid glands Pituitary glands Pancreas duodenum stomach

Question 48

Men 2a

Answer 48

Medullary thyroid cancer Pheochromocytoma Parathyroid adenoma

Question 49

Men2b

Answer 49

MTC Pheochromocytomas Mucosal neuromas Mafanoid habititus