MISC Flashcards
While examining a patient, you find signs of hypocalcaemia. Which of the following conditions is UNLIKELY to cause hypocalcemia?
a. Chronic renal failure
b. Acute pancreatitis
c. Malabsorbtion
d. Carcinoma of the stomach
*d. Carcinoma of the stomach
Which one of the following conditions is unlikely to be a cause of lateral neck swelling?
a. Carotid artery aneurysm
b. Sebaceous cyst
c. Lymphadenopathy
d. Goitre
*d. Goitre
A patient presents with a thyroid facies. On examination of the hands, which one of the following signs is most likely present?
a. Palmar erythema
b. Dupuytren’s contractures
c. Cold, dry palms
d. Peripheral cyanosis
*a. Palmar erythema
You examine a patient suspected of having myxoedema. Which of the following signs would be an UNLIKELY finding in this patient?
a. Speech that is slow, nasal and deep in pitch
b. Loss of the outer third of the eyebrows
c. Delayed ankle jerks
d. Onycholysis
*d. Onycholysis
Myxedema is another term for severely advanced hypothyroidism
Onycholysis is a common medical condition characterized by the painless detachment of the nail from the nail bed, usually starting at the tip and/or sides. On the hands, it occurs particularly on the ring finger but can occur on any of the fingernails. It may also happen to toenails.
You examine a patient with Cushing’s syndrome. Which of the following signs would be an UNLIKELY finding in this patient?
a. Plethora
b. Vitiligo
c. Bruising
d. Hirsurtism
*b. Vitiligo
Which one of the following symptoms is least likely to be associated with primary adrenal insufficiency
a. Diarrhoea
b. Nocturia
c. Polydipsia
d. Loss of weight
*c. Polydipsia
Polydipsia is a medical name for the feeling of extreme thirstiness.
Which one of the following hands signs are you least likely to find on a patient diagnosed with myxoedema?
a. Peripheral cyanosis
b. Palmer crease pallor
c. Yellow discolouration
d. Palmer erythema
*d. Palmer erythema
Myxedema is another term for severely advanced hypothyroidism
Which one of the following diagnostic facies is most likely associated with short stature, fish – like mouth, low set ears, web neck and coarctation of the aorta?
a. Cushing’s syndrome
b. Turner’s syndrome
c. Myopathic
d. Ricketic
*b. Turner’s syndrome
A patient presents with a history of seizures, morning headaches, weight gain and sweating. Which one of the following endocrine abnormalities could typically present with these signs and symptoms?
a. Hypoglycaemia
b. Diabetes Mellitus
c. Thyrotoxicosis
d. Myxoedema
*a. Hypoglycaemia
Which one of the following conditions is not associated with localised lymphadenopathy?
a. Leukaemia
b. Lymphoma
c. Sarcoidosis
d. Lung cancer
*a. Leukaemia
When compared to Hodgkin’s disease, which of the following signs are more common in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma?
a. Systemic signs such as fever
b. Hepatosplenomegaly
c. Signs of extranodal spread of disease
d. Lymph nodes enlargement found on more than one site
*a. Systemic signs such as fever
Smoking is a risk factor for many common clinical conditions. Which of the following conditions is least likely associated with a long history of smoking?
a. Peptic ulceration
b. Cancer of the bladder
c. Increased risk of respiratory infection
d. Cardiomyopathy
*d. Cardiomyopathy
A history of exposure to passive smoking is most commonly associated with disease of the
a. Cardiovascular system
b. Respiratory system
c. Abdominal system
d. Genito-urinary system
*b. Respiratory system
When taking a patient’s history, which of the following actions is most inappropriate and should be avoided?
a. Frequently summarizing to clarify information
b. Giving the patient advice on their condition
c. Allowing the patient to speak without interruption
d. Touching the patient to establish rapport
*b. Giving the patient advice on their condition
