MIS1 Flashcards
Why Information Systems are an important?
Because it’s essential field in the study of business administration and management
What play vital role in business
IS and IT and Internet technology
Why IS and IT and internet technologies are important?
Because they’re improve the effectiveness and efficiency of business processes, managerial decisions making, and workgroup collaboration
What are the main system functions?
Input and processing and output
What is Input
Capture the data to be processed
What is Processing
Change the data into information
What is output
Disseminate the information products to its destination
Additional functions
Feedback and control
What is the feedback
Data about the performance of the system
What is the control
Monitoring the feedback to determine if the system is meeting its objectives
Example of control
Management
Example of feedback
Information Systems
Example of input
Economic resources: like; people money land
Example of business processes
Business processes: market, develop produce, services support customer
Example of output
Goods and services: products payment services
Other system characteristics
Environment and subsystem- interace- open and close systems- adaptive systems
What is the interface
A shared boundary between systems
What is the open system
Interact with other systems
What is the closest system
Do not interact with other systems
What is the adaptive system
Have the ability to change themselves or their environment
What is people Resources
IS specialists and End users
Resources of hardware resources
Machines and media
Resource of software resources
Programs “ system software and application software” procedures
data resources
Data and information
Data is
Unoriginized facts and figures
Information is
Data organized so that it has value to the organization
Activities of input
Data resources
Activities processing
Processing of data into information organize, analyze, and manipulate data
Activities of Output of information products
Dissemination of information products to appropriate end users ( messages, reports, forms.. Etc)
Information system
Any organized combination of people, hardware, software, network, data souces and policies and procedures that stores, retrieves, transforms and disseminates information in an organization
What is an information system?
Your book bag, day planner, notebooks, and file folders, the cash register at your favourite fast-food restaurant, a paper-based accounting ledger
The fundamental roles of information systems in business
- The biggest support business processes and operations
- Support business decision making
- Support strategies for competitive advantage
E-business is
use of internet technologies to empower businesses processes, e-commerce and enterprise collaboration within a firm and its customers, suppliers, and stakeholders (internet, intranet, extranet)
Enterprise collaboration systems
Support communication, coordination, and collaboration among networked teams/workgroup
E-commerce
Buying, selling, marketing, and servicing products, services, and information over computer networks
Intranet
The internet and internet-like network- those inside the enterprise
Extranet
Between an enterprise and its trading partners
Intranet with
Engineering and research- manufacturing and production- accounting and finance
Extranets with
Customer relationship management to consumers and businesses customers/ suppliers and other businesses partners with supply chain management
Operation support system
Help run the daily business, but do not provide much information for management decision-making
Example of operation support systems
TPS = transaction processing system
PCS= process control system
ECS= enterprise collaboration system
TPS= transaction processing system
Is a type of information system that collects, stores modifies and retrieves the data transaction of an enterprise
Example of TPS
Airline reservations system, electronic transfer of funds
Why the TPS design
To process routine business transactions and seeks time and cost efficiency by automating repetitive operations in large volumes
PCS= process control system
Monitor and control industrial processes
example of PCS
Petroleum reining, power generation and steel production systems
ECS= Enterprise collaboration system
Support team, workgroup and enterprise communications and collaborations
Example ECS
e-mail, chat and videoconferencing
management supports system
When information systems applications focus on providing information and support for effective decision making by managers
Example of management support system
MIS = management information system
EIS = executive information system
DSS =decision support system
MIS = management information system
Report and display for management to help them make better business decisions
Example of MIS
Sales analysis, production performance, and cost trend reporting systems
DSS= decision support system
Direct computer support for decision-making
Example DSS
product pricing
EIS= Executive information Systems
Critical information specifically for executive to make better decisions
Example EIS
actions of competitors
ES =expert systems
Expert advice for operational decisions
Example ES
Diagnostic maintenance system
KMS= knowledge management system
Support creation, organization, and dissemination of business knowledge
Example KMS
customer problem solution system
SIS = strategic information systems
Apply IT to products, services, and processes for strategic advantage
Example SIS
Shipment tracking- e-commerce
FBS= functional business system
Support basic business functions
Example FBS
accounting, marketing, sales
CFS= cross functional system
Integrate various roles and outputs into a variety of functions
Technology is now
The actual cause and driver of business strategies
Competitive forces (porter)
Rivalry of competition
Threat of new entrants
Threat of substitutes
Bargaining power of customers
Bargaining power of suppliers
Competitive strategies
Cost leadership
Differentiation strategy
Innovation strategy
Growth strategy
Alliance strategy
How to use cost leadership strategy
Lower costs : of processes or of suppliers
How to use differentiation strategy
Develop new it features
How to use innovative strategy
Create new products
Develop unique new markets
Who to use growth strategy
Use IT Manage global business expectation
USE IT diversify and integrate into other products and services
How to use alliance strategy
Use it to create virtual business
Develop information systems linked by the internet
Other strategic initiatives
Locking and switching costs and raise barriers to entry and leverage investment in IT
Example of locking
Lock in customers and suppliers
Lock out competitors
What is switching costs
Make customers/supplier dependent on mutually beneficial inter-enterprise information systems
What is raise barriers to entry
Discourage or delay other firms form entering a market
What is leverage investment in IT
Develop new products and services that are not possible without strong IT capabilities
Who better quality or price
Quality
What makes the customers the focal point of business
Internet technologies
Business Process Reengineering (BPR)
High Potential Payback, but High Risk of Failure
Who organized BPR
process teams or case managers
