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prophets of israel > Minor Prophets > Flashcards

Minor Prophets Flashcards

1
Q

Daniel’s friends name meanings

A 
Hananiah-God has shown grace
-shadrach-the commander of Aku
Mishael-who is what God is?
-Meshach-who is what Aku is?
Aazariah-God has helped 
-abendnego-servant of Nego
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2
Q

Administrator of kings

A

Nebuchadnezzar, Belshazzar, Darius (Mede), Cyrus?

Daniel served under all these rulers! And remained pure!

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3
Q

Daniel’s position of influence

A

Who is the greater God?
Protecting the welfare of the captive people
Daniel and his friends are the administrators

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4
Q

Style of book

A

History, prophetic, apocalyptic

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5
Q

Language division of book

A

Hebrew 1:1-2:4a, 8-12 (Jews)

Aramaic 2:4b-7:28 (Gentiles)

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6
Q

Prophecies in Daniel

A

Great image, beasts, 70 weeks

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7
Q

Message of Daniel

A

Sovereignty of the creator/redeemer over kingdoms and circumstances of life
The rise and fall of kingdoms of men
The existence of the kingdom of God

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8
Q

Conclusions from Daniel

A

The kingdom has always been God’s
The father has granted sovereignty to the Messiah
The Father, Son, and Holy Spirit rule over all the world
We await the full establishment of the kingdom

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9
Q

Daniel 1-6

A 
Ch 1 the food test
Ch 2 the dream test
Ch 3 the image of gold test
Ch 4 the power test (tree cut down)
Ch 5 the revelation test 
Ch 6 the nature test
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10
Q

Daniel 7-12 themes

A

Horror of human evil as concentrated in the state
Announcement of specific time of deliverance
Repentance that leads to deliverance
Revelation that cosmic war stands behind human conflict
Judgment is certain for those who resist God and oppose His people
Certainty that Gods people now oppressed will have new life in full

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11
Q

Ch 7-12 the future

A

Ch 7 dream of the 4 beasts
Ch 8 vision of the ram and goat
Ch 9 Daniels intercession and vision
Ch 10-12 the final vision

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12
Q

Hosea: theme or message

A

Knowing God’s love

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13
Q

Background: historical and political

A 
End of Jeroboam II rule
Either right before or after Amos 
Decay and calamity ahead 
Assyria rising up 
Israel in for a quick succession of kings
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14
Q

Social conditions of Hosea

A

Rulers set poor examples
Property of little value
Correct courts
People hardened by conditions-bloodshed, highway robbery, murder, organized crime (Led by priests), class hatred, family life falling apart

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15
Q

Religious conditions of Hosea- sin rules in peoples hearts

A

Priests did not lead people to God but actually made sin attractive
Unfaithfulness in worship and marriage
God’s people refused to love the one who loved them
Lesson-physical adultery is an outward result of spiritual adultery
If you can’t be faithful to God, what is the holding from being faithful to people

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16
Q

The man Hosea:

Name means, father, who he prophecies to

A

Salvation
Son of Beeri
Prophet of N. Kingdom, to address his own people

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17
Q

Hosea’s marriage

A

1:2 “a wife of harlotry
Allegory, spiritual lesson of Israel’s unfaithfulness
He actually married a woman known to him to be a harlot, perhaps a temple prostitute
He married a woman who was religiously unfaithful and worship false gods
He married a woman whom he thought pure but later was unfaithful (prophetic anticipation)

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18
Q

The children of Hosea

A

Jezreel (son)- place where Jehu’s sword ended dynasty of omri with slaughter
Lo-ruhamah (daughter)- not pitied or no compassion
Lo-ammi (son)- not my people

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19
Q

Two key truths of Hosea

A

The root sin is the people’s unfaithfulness to God

The nature of God’s loving kindness to His people

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20
Q

Hosea’s relationship images

A

A king and his subjects
A father and his child
A husband and his wife

Hosea’s family is the message

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21
Q

Chapter one

A

Hosea’s family: the marriage, the children, then the promise

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22
Q

Ch 2

A

Hosea’s and God’s divorce
Hosea/gomer
God/Israel

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23
Q

Chapter 3

A

Hosea and Gomer’s reconciliation

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24
Q

Joel: prophecies to, name, father

A

Judah
The Lord is God
Son of Pethuel

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25
Q

The dating of Joel

A

Uncertain, but early date is accepted
Because there’s no reference to Assyria and Babylon, absence of reference to King
Reference to exile 3:2-3

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26
Q

Occasion of Joel

A

A great locust plague: historical, literal, in his lifetime
Allegorical-invading army, 4 stages of locust represent Assyria-Babylon, Media-Persian, Greek, Roman
Apocalyptic - end times, eschatological figure

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27
Q

Style of Joel

A

Poetry, metaphors, similes, war imagery, imperatives

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28
Q

Theme of Joel

A

The Day of the Lord
Historical day of judgment
A period of judgment
Eschatological day of reckoning

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29
Q

The four main topics of Joel

A

Desolation of locust plague
Repentance leads to renewal of land
Judgment of God’s enemies
The gifts of the Holy Spirit

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30
Q

Three themes relating to the Spirit of God in the OT

A

His presence, His power, His revelation

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31
Q

Five views about the gifts of the Holy Spirit being poured out

A

Termination at Pentecost: from Joel to Jesus
Fulfillment at Pentecost: acts 2:17
Nonfulfillment: at end of time in Israel
Typical fulfillment: at Pentecost again at end (but not in between)
Continuous: from Pentecost to end of time

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32
Q

Chapter one of Joel

A

The plague of locusts, total destruction
Drunkards mourn (wheat to make alcohol) , priests mourn (offerings) , farmers mourn (crops) (animals) , hearts of people mourn - rejoicing stops
Then lament, fast, solemn assembly
Call to respond
Lesson-people either turn to God or away from Him in crisis, His purpose is to bring you closer to God

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33
Q

Chapter two of Joel

A

How to respond to crisis with results
Blow a trumpet, sound an alarm
Lesson- if no one confronts the problem nothing will change
Repent, return to God with all your heart
Lesson- a broken heart=’s a restored heart

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34
Q

Chapter two continued of Joel

A

Gather people to fast and pray
Rejoice and be glad
Lesson- know God’s nature and believe Him
God will restore: every judgment is for us to turn back
Lesson- God’s ability to restore is greater than our losses
God will pour out His Spirit
Lesson-if you come, He will come

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35
Q

Chapter 3 of Joel

A

(Still ch 2 The day of the Lord will come
Lesson-perception of presence is positional)
God makes all things right, valley of God’s judgment
Lesson - you will answer for now you treat God’s possessions and His people
Lesson- if you fight God you lose
God makes everything right
Final restoration
Judah will be inhabited forever
Lesson- in the end you will know what He already knows. He is God with you forever

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36
Q

Amos-a cry for justice

The man:

A 
Name means burden 
From Tekoa
Herdsman and grower of sycamore figs
No education but student of God's law 
Poor man sent from judah to proud capital of Israel
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37
Q

Dating of Amos

A

V.1 date of preaching mission; two years before earthquake

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38
Q

Circumstances: political and social conditions of Amos

A

Jeroboam II extended borders, trade
Powerful merchants, no middle class, poor neglected and oppressed
Justice to highest bidder, power to money lenders
Poor have to mortgage their land and self
Fruits of prosperity: Pride, luxury, selfishness, greed, oppression, moral decay

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39
Q

Religious conditions of Amos

A

Not neglected but perverted, ritual but no godliness, other gods, which ceremony and costly sacrifice at expense of poor
Both God and Amos oppose the; misuse, excuse, and abuse of sacrificial system

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40
Q

Oracles against the nations in Amos 1:3-2:16

A

Aram, Philistia, Phoenicia (Tyre), Edom, Ammon, Moab, Judah, Israel
Each judgment is fire

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41
Q

The five oracles 3:1-6:14

A

Ch3 - prophet and altar in agreement
Ch4 - haven’t returned
Ch5 - nation dead yet individuals can still live
Day of the Lord is coming, near view/far view
Social injustice is intolerable to God
Ch6 - exile because of turning justice into poison

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42
Q

Five visions of judgments in Amos

A 
Locusts (7:1-3 pardon)
Fire (7:4-6 pardon)
Plumb line (7:7-9)
Autobiographical (7:10-17)
Summer fruit (8:1-14)
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43
Q

The final restoration- Amos 9:11-15

A

Fallen booth of David is raised up
Plowman overtakes the reaper
Captivity of Israel restored
Planted of their land

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44
Q

Obadiah “Family Feud Finally Fixed”

A

Edom
Name means worshiper or servant of the Lord
From Judah

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45
Q

Land of Edom

A

South of Dead Sea
Kings highway
Petra

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46
Q

Sibling rivalry of Obadiah

A

Lesson-strong

Warning against brotherly strife

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47
Q

Occasion and date of Obadiah

A

Jerusalem plundered and Edom helped
Jehoram 845 earliest
Final destruction 587 latest

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48
Q

Early dating for Obadiah reasons

A

Not mention whole population deportation
Captives to Phoenicia and west
No mention of total temple and city destruction
Amos, Joel, and Jeremiah snow acquaintance with Obadiah

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49
Q

Style of Obadiah

A

Vigorous poetic language, personified and direct
Prophetic perfect tense
Crime in climatic order
Contrast sin and doom with hope and victory
Judgment from particular to general
Israel restoration and establishment of KOG

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50
Q

Obadiah v. 1-9: requirement of judgment

A

Arrogance of Edom
The answer of God
Lesson- God hears and responds

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51
Q

Obadiah vs. 10-14: reasons for judgment

A 
Violence to brother (Judah)
No concern or compassion for brother 
Rejoicing over brothers judgment 
Looting their wealth
Helping enemy capture and imprison
Lessons:
Ridicule of others in judgment will bring to self
Having compassion for others in day of distress
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52
Q

Obadiah vs. 15-21: results of judgment

A

“Your dealings will turn on your own head”
On Edom: total destruction
Lesson: live by sword/die by sword
On all nations: Day of the Lord, restoration of God’s people and judgment of Gods enemies
Lesson: Eternal justice will prevail
Lesson: the kingdom is the Lord’s

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53
Q

Conclusion of Obadiah

A

By 70 AD all destroyed and people disappeared

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54
Q

Jonah

A

Name means dove
Son of Amotti
A prophet of Gath-hepher, zebulan, now Galilee

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55
Q

Four possible interpretations of Jonah

A
  • Legend- myth, fiction based on legend
  • Parable- post exile Judaism and unsaved world
  • Allegory- Jonah - Israel mission to world, fish - Babylon, disgorgincy - return of Jews from exile, Jonah’s dissatisfaction, spirit of Judaism
  • Historical- obvious sense of text, Jewish tradition accepts, jesus reference in Mt. 10 and Lk. 11
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56
Q

Purpose of Jonah

A

Protest against narrow, exclusive Judaism

God’s love is for all nations

57
Q

Jonah vs. 1-5

A

The prophet who said yes, says no

Lesson- humans have a tendency to flee responsibility

58
Q

Jonah vs. 6-8

A

Casting lots with the pagans- God is still in control

Lesson- God uses the forces of nature for his own purposes

59
Q

Jonah vs. 9-12

A

Fearing God, fleeing God and spreading the consequences

60
Q

Jonah vs. 13-17

A

The unbelievers call on God, try to save the one who caused them trouble, and offer sacrifices to God

61
Q

Chapter 2 of Jonah

A

Wrapping, repenting, regurgitating

Lesson- though God will punish disobedience, he desires to show mercy

62
Q

Chapter 3 of Jonah- revival in Nineveh

A

The people of Nineveh they believed in God
Lesson- though God will punish disobedience, he desires to show mercy
The animals fast too, seriousness of message
Lesson- The most unpromising mission field may be the most responsive
Lesson- true repentance may avert catastrophe that is threatened

63
Q

Chapter four of Jonah - regrets of Jonah and rejoicing of God

A

Jonas prophecy versus God’s compassion
Jonas comfort versus God’s compassion
Lesson- God desires to deal with all and mercy and kindness whether disobedient Jews are cruel Gentiles
Lesson- God would have us love all as he loves all, we should treat other people in the way he treated us

64
Q

Micah-He has told you what is good

Prophecies to

A

Israel and Judah

65
Q

Historical and political background of Micah

A

Assyria rising, insecurity, rapid change in leadership

66
Q

Social background of Micah

A

Peasants suffer, villages overrun, all are to blame for greed and cruelty

67
Q

Religious background of Micah

A

Sins of the times: oppression of poor, use of power, lack of integrity, scorn of religion, greed, corruption in both church and state

68
Q

Who is Micah

A

Name means, who is like God

Home- maresheth-gath, small village near philistine border

69
Q

Micah chapter 1

A

Coming judgment on Israel
Definite prediction- Samaria the capital of Israel to fall 1:6-7
Paronomasia- to form a word by a slight change, a play on words, a pun 1:10-15

70
Q

Micah chapter 2

A

Israel punished and restored

Lesson- words of judgment for wrong do not bother those doing right

71
Q

Micah chapter 3

A

Condemning princes and prophets

Definite prediction-Jerusalem and temple to be destroyed

72
Q

Micah chapter 4

A

Coming glory and peace of Jerusalem
Definite prediction- God’s people brought back from captivity
Definite prediction- people of Judah to Babylon

73
Q

Micah chapter 5

A

The suffering and restoration of Zion

Definite prediction- The Messiah to be born in Bethlehem

74
Q

Micah chapter 6

A

Questions and answers
Key verse (6:8): he has told you what is good and what he requires!
Do justice, love kindness, walk humbly with your God

75
Q

Micah chapter 7

A

Corruption of society and concluding statement of trust in God

76
Q

Nahum: a nation with no hope

A

Assyria (Jonah 785-775)

77
Q

Dating of Nahum

A

Between two events: past- capture of Thebes and capital of upper Egypt by Asherbanipal
Future- 14 years after the death of Asherbanipal 626 BC Nineveh fell 612

78
Q

The historical background of Nahum

A

North kingdom taken captive 722 by Assyria now it is judgment time for them
Nineveh founded by Nimrod; famous for centuries

79
Q

The man Nahum

A

Name means consolation or compassion

Elkoshite

80
Q

The prediction of Nahum

A

Vs. 1:8 and 2:6
A vital walk of the city was carried away by a great flood, this ruin of the defense system permitted the Medes and Chaldeans to storm the city without difficulty

81
Q

The theme or message of Nahum

A

The doom of Nineveh: the God of Israel whom Assyria despised is the God who controls the destinies and actions of nations
Lesson- don’t assume that because God acts graciously to allow time for repentance that you got away with it

82
Q

Habakkuk-the righteous must live by faith

A

Judah

Name means to embrace

83
Q

Background of Habakkuk

A

End of Josiah’s reign into Jehoiakim, end of Assyria beginning of Babylon’s rise to power

84
Q

Uniqueness of Habakkuk

A

Theodicy: a vindication of the justice of God in permitting evil to exist
Two chapters are a dialogue between the prophet and God
The third chapter is a prayer

85
Q

The message and lesson of Habakkuk

A

Message- the just shall live by faith

Lesson- the short view is likely to be a false view

86
Q

Chapter one and two of Habakkuk

A

Questions and answers
Hab. To God - what are you going to do about it
God to Hab. - I am doing something but you won’t believe it

87
Q

Chapter three of Habakkuk

A

The prayer of the faithful

88
Q

Zephaniah

A

National judgment - individual redemption
Judah
Name means the Lord has hidden
An aristocrat - lineage back to Hezekiah
Contemporary with Nahum and Jeremiah
Related to Josiah
Lived in Jerusalem

89
Q

Political background of Zephaniah

A

Decay and dissolution
Scythians moved into Assyria and even down to Egypt
Babylon beginning to assert itself
Watching death of one world empire and rise of the next one
Judah caught in the middle

90
Q

Social/religious background of Zephaniah

A

Josiah rule following Manasseh and Ammon
Pure worship had been banished
Corruption and injustice
-God’s prophets had not been allowed to speak

91
Q

Three messages of Zephaniah

A

Approaching day of the Lord, judah will be devastated
An appeal for repentance
The return of a remnant and final restoration

92
Q

The Day of the Lord in Zephaniah

A

God intruded into human affairs
God’s judgment will come on all creation
Judgment both historical and eschatological
All creation must submit to his sovereignty willingly or not
No discrimination but distinction between wicked and humble
Day of indication, glorification, and full redemption of godly

93
Q

Chapter one of Zephaniah

A 
Five reasons for judgment :
Baal worship
Turning back from God 
Never seeking God
Violence and deceit
Stagnant in spirit
94
Q

Chapter two of Zephaniah

A 
Judgment on the nations :
Gaza and Ekron 
Cherethites 
Moab 
Ethiopian
Assyria
95
Q

Chapter three of Zephaniah

A

Judah’s judgment and redemption:
Corruption of leaders
No corruption in God
Not representation of what following God is like
Lesson- when God’s people are corrupt don’t believe God is corrupt
God won’t take back gifts so you can function with them in bad ways

96
Q

Vs 9-13 of chapter three in Zephaniah

A

Restoration of Jerusalem and nations

Purified lips and dispersed ones; reversal of Babel

97
Q

Haggai- the greater later glory

A

Name means festive or festal, perhaps born on a festival day

98
Q

Historical background of Haggai

A

Move to post exilic times
Cyrus the Persian favored return of caprices and gave financial support
Influence of Daniel?
Faced hostile neighbors and indifference
In 2 years built altar, sacrificed, laid foundation of temple
16 years temple still not be built because of opposition and change in their priorities
Both Haggai and Zechariah called people to restore the temple
Two people in charge/ zerubbabel, and Jeshua

99
Q

Key verse of Haggai

A

2:9 “the glory of this latter temple shall be greater than the former, says the Lord of hosts. And in this place I will give peace, says the Lord of hosts.”

destroy this temple and I will rebuild it in 3 days

100
Q

Three tokens of hope in Haggai

A

Smaller temple-will be greater
Spirit of God in midst-transforms creation
Zerubbabel- servant, signet ring, messianic kingdom

101
Q

Chapter one of Haggai

A

Consider your ways

Lesson- the fullness of God’s blessing is dependent upon obedience

102
Q

Chapter two of Haggai

A

Glory in the house
Right relationship brings this kind of restoration
Not by earning but by coming into the presence of a holy God
Zerubbabel is the down payment to assure us that the promise is still in place

103
Q

Zechariah- by My power

A

Name means he whine the Lord remembers
From a priestly family
16 years after first return-rebuild temple
Later time of his life- houses are built, walls of city undone, intermarriage

104
Q

Background of Zechariah

A 
Same as Haggai 
Younger prophet alongside of Haggai 
Book is divided into 2 sections:
Ch 1-8 focuses on his day
9-14 more messianic and apocalyptic
105
Q

Chapter one of Zechariah

A

Return to Me

God returns to Jerusalem with compassion to rebuild his house

106
Q

Chapter two of Zechariah

A

Protected by the presence
No walls to measure the size of the city
A wall of fire, God’s protection is a wall of fire
fire can: purify, heat, cook, destroy

107
Q

Chapter three of Zechariah

A 
Prophecy to Jeshua
Accused by satan 
Received by God 
Ministry with access
Lesson- you can do God's work in your own strength or with the help of his spirit and the host of heaven
108
Q

Chapter four of Zechariah

A

Prophecy to zerubbabel
Lamp stand, olive trees
The mountain becomes a plain
Zerubbabel will put last stone on it ; yell grace grace to it
Connection between spiritual and practical
Vs 14 two anointed ones who stand before the Lord of the whole earth

109
Q

Chapter five of Zechariah

A

The flying scroll of judgment

110
Q

Chapter six of Zechariah

A

Joshua the branch builds the temple

111
Q

Chapter seven of Zechariah

A

Who did you fast for

112
Q

Chapter eight of Zechariah

A

Promise of restoration

Things you should do

113
Q

Chapter 9 of Zechariah

A

The king on a colt -peace vs war

114
Q

Chapter ten of Zechariah

A

God strengthens and restores

115
Q

Chapter 11 of Zechariah

A

Give me my wages

116
Q

Chapter 12 of Zechariah

A

Pour out on house of David. Mourn for him, weep bitterly

117
Q

Chapter 13 of Zechariah

A

The one they pierced

The wounds of friends

118
Q

Chapter 14 of Zechariah

A

Everything holy

119
Q

Malachi: loyalty to God in all things

A

Name means messenger of God

Jews 435-415

120
Q

Background of Malachi

A

Time of Nehemiah
Temple is rebuilt
Neglect of tithes and intermarriage

121
Q

Six ways Jews dishonored God

A 
They didn't give him the honor due 1:6
Made a covenant with other gods 2:10
Broke marriage covenant 2:13
Said God doesn't punish evil 2:17
Robbed God by not tithing 3:8
Said there was no profit in serving God 3:14
122
Q

Four messages of loyalty in Malachi

A

Honor God by giving of ones substance
Honor God by being faithful in marriage
Honor God by assuming social responsibility
Honor God by showing devotion to him

123
Q

Chapter one of Malachi

A

God’s compassion
Declared- I have loved you
Doubted- how have you loved
Demonstrated- Jacob vs Esau
Lesson- people give their best to those they respect
Lesson- lack of respect for God causes you to become tired of serving him

124
Q

Chapter two of Malachi

A

Spiritually mixed marriage
No missionary dating
5 reasons God hates divorce:
It breaks covenant, it reflects back on God, it is treacherous behavior, it turns heart of father from children, it turns heart of children from father

125
Q

Chapter three of Malachi

A

Robbing God

126
Q

Chapter four of Malachi

A 
The day of fire - Elijah 
Consumes and purifies 
Devours 
Purifies and heals
Restores before messiah comes
127
Q

Daniel the statesman prophet: name meaning, reigning kingdom, name change, character, when taken captive

A

God is my judge
Babylonian kingdom reigns
Beltshazzar- Bel protect his life
Faith, righteousness, courage, capability
Taken captive with first group. 3rd year of Jehoiakim

128
Q

Chapter 4 of Hosea

A

Gods case against Israel : no faithfulness

Know God know faithfulness
No God no faithfulness

129
Q

Chapter 5 of Hosea

A

Two things that keep you from returning to the lord :
Your deeds and your pride
Until you acknowledge your guilt and seek him, God will remove himself

130
Q

Chapter six of Hosea

A

Loyalty to God :
We must return to God and press on to know him
God prefers loyalty to sacrifice

131
Q

Chapter seven of Hosea

A

3 ways sin makes you stupid :
You don’t think God sees
You don’t see things as they are
You are only sorry you got caught

132
Q

Chapter 8 of Hosea

A

Broken covenant and altars of sin:
The people of God replace his rule with their rulers
It’s possible to build altar and reject God’s law

133
Q

Chapter 9 of Hosea

A

The watchman turned sinner:

Israel was God’s prophet to nations but became fools ; you become like what you love

134
Q

Chapter 10 of Hosea

A

Time to seek the Lord :

Vs. 12

135
Q

Chapter 11 of Hosea

A

Even though the child rejects the father and his ways and must face the consequences , the father never stops loving the son

136
Q

Chapter 12 of Hosea

A

Return to God or receive the reward of your sin vs. 6 and 14

137
Q

Chapter 13 of Hosea

A

I didn’t forget you but you forgot me vs. 4 and 6 and 16

138
Q

Chapter 14 of Hosea

A 
The words of repentance bring results:
Words of repentance 
Vs. 2, 3 
Response of God 
Vs. 4, 9

prophets of israel (2 decks)

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