Minor / Major Illnesses in GP (Primary Care) Flashcards
What percentage of all shingles cases is accounted for by Ophthalmic herpes zoster?
10 - 25%
What is post herpetic neuralgia?
burning pain that lasts long after the rash ad blisters of shingles disappear
Who should be given antiviral treatment for shingles?
- over 50s (most at risk of post herpatic neuralgia)
- Under 50s if opthalmis, non truncal involvement, pain, severe rash or immunocompromised
Who is the shingles vaccine routinely offered to?
70 - 79 yrs
small lumps which are pearly white or slightly pink. If squeezed , a white cheesy fluid is secreted?
Molluscum Contagiosum.
Most commonly affects under 15s (1-4 yrs).
- virus causes growths.
- molluscum will crust over then go within 6 to 12 weeks.
- spreads to other areas of skin
- will completely go within 12-18 months
Why is it best not to treat molluscum contagiosum especially in children?
Mollusca usually go without treatment.
- treatments can be painful e.g. liquid nitrogen
- infection / scarring
a non blanching rash
mengingococcal septicaemia
What is the treatment in community for meningococcal septicaemia?
IV or IM
- Benzylpenicillin
Or
- Ceftriaxone
call 999
when should you take action on a HSV1 cold sore ?
If cold sore hasn’t healed within 7-10 days then consider biopsy for cancer
impetigo
honey crusted , maculapapula lesions around the nose and mouth.
what is the treatment for impetigo?
- fusidic acid
Or - mupriocin
What is the treatment for acne?
MILD:
- topical retinoid
- benzoylperoxide
- OCP
MODERATE:
Oral antibiotic e.g. tetracycline, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, (erythromycin if tetracyclines contraindicated)
SEVERE:
- Oral retinoid e.g. Roaccutane + oral contraceptive
what antibiotic would be prescribed for a skin boil?
- Flucloxacillin
- clarithromycin
- erythromycin
burrows + itchy rash?
scabies
How is scabies treated?
- treat all members of household with topical insecticide. (2 doses, with 1 week between each dose)
- wash towels + bedding 50 degrees or above.
What is the typical presentation of threadworm?
- intense itching bottom especially at night
What is the treatment for threadworm?
Anthelminthic for whole household and pets.
thoroughly clean house, clothes.
What causes chickenpox?
varicella zoster virus
how is chicken pox spread?
- transmission by direct person contact, airborne, bedding.
What is the incubation period of chickenpox?
10-21 days
What are the symptoms of chickenpox?
- initially cold like symptoms, high fever for 2 days.
- intensely itchy vesicular rash which develops in clusters over 3-5 days.
- most of rash on trunk
What are the complications of chickenpox?
- arthritis
- pneumonia
- bacterial infection of skin
- sepsis
What are the complications of chickenpox in a pregnant lady?
- pneumonia risk
- foetal abnormalities
What are the risk factors of oral candida?
- HIV (immunocompromised)
- cancer
- diabetes
- anaemia
- haematinic deficiency
- inhaled steroids
