Ministers/Civil Servants/Special Advisers and Houses of Commons and Lords Flashcards
Name the 3 Categories of people that the House of Lords is made up of.
1- The Lords Spiritual (26 Archbishops & Bishops from Church of England)
2- The Lords Temporal (Life Peers Appoinged by the Monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister & The House or Lords Appointmenr Commissioner)
3- 92 Hereditary Peers ( Lords with passed down, inherited Titles, elected by all hereditaries)
Name 3 Roles of the House Of Lords
1- Legislative
2- Deliberative
3- Constitutional
Explain the Legislative Role of The House of Lords
It can amend legislation (NOT reject it)
Legislation Is passed back to the House of Commons again & amended, then The House of Lords accepts,
The Government passes the legislation in the next session
Explain the Deliberative Role of the House of Lords
Debates happen & ……
Explain the Constitutional Role of the House of Lords
The House of Lords can appoint New Ministers who weren’t MP’s beforehand.
The House of Lords acts as a power check to the Government, making sure it doesn’t ‘unconventionally’ Whip it’s MP’s to Vote and pass legislation (this is unconstitutional & has little support from population)
Describe The First Stage for how a Government Bill becomes a Law.
- Name of Bill read out ( at either House)
-(Green paper / Consultation documents introduce discussions on legislation,
Before these become a ‘Draft Bill’ or ‘White Paper Document’, public Bodies or affected groups are consulted.
- Then the White Paper Document contains more concrete, definitive policies where Bill is read at First Reading)
Describe the second stage for how a Government Bill becomes a Law.
The Second Reading discusses the Larger issues surrounding the Bill…..&
Includes a First vote on general principles
Describe the Third stage of how a Government Bill becomes a Law.
Three Amending Stages now happen ( after 1st & 2nd Reading)
1. The committee Stage
2. The Report Stage
3. The Third Reading
Explain the Committee Stage ( the Third Stage) of how a Government Bill becomes a Law.
The Bill is read line by line. Changes & adjustments are made & voting on it with no time constraints.
Explain the Report Stage ( In the Third Stage) of how a Government Bill becomes a Law.
The Report Stage - Further details are examined, another chance for changes to take place & votes.
Explain the Third Reading ( In the Third Stage) of how a Government Bill becomes a Law.
Third Reading- aims to finish reading rhe Bill, final changes are made for the considerations & amendments stage.
Then the Bill makes the Royal Assent ….which means.& …..
And is then made a Law.
Describe the 3 Different Election Cycles.
- Local Election Cycles - Councillors elected for 4 years - All out elections every 4 years
- 1/2 councillors every 2 years
- 1/3 councillors over 3 years
In 2023, what were people required to bring to their local polling station to vote?
Photographic ID - types…..
Passport
Driving Licence
Elderly/Disabled Bus Pass
Define Devolution
When the government gives power from the UK parliament to regional legislature around the UK & to combined authorities in England.
Institutions therefore can freely create laws and policy, giving more power at a local scale.
What is a combined authority?
A super Council covering a large area containing 2 or more smaller scale authorities.
Ran by an elected Mayor who governs strategic planning, policing & sometimes NHS services.
Name 3 powers of a super council.
- The ability to raise funding, the Mayor can raise money on constituent Authorities Council Tax Bills
- Combined authorities can also raise a levy on members, funds are shifted from one department to the required local department
- Can borrow money under local government prudential borrowing scheme.
How will a Mayor make decisions?
- With the aid of his cabinet, with at least 2 other councillors.
Eg. The Greater Manchester Cabinet features rhe leaders of all 10 councils plus the Mayor and deputy Mayor - With a minimum of 1 Overview & Scrutiny Committee
What is the role of the budget?
- To manage the UK economy
- Promote Tax Changes & reasons for them
- Predict the economy conditions next year
- Explain the last year’s accounts
- Detail what the public spending plans are
- Predict the current financial Year
What is inflation?
- the rise in the price of goods & services over time from each month ( lowers people’s purchasing power)
- measured by the Consumer Price Index & Retail Price Index (which track how the value of items regularly bought by British households have changed)
What are direct taxes.
Taxes on income & gains - income is considered, fax band is decided on how much earnt over the tax bracket
What are indirect Taxes?
Taxes on spending- not considerate of what you earn, automatically applied
Eg. Petrol Duty
