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Mining & Exploration Geology > Mining Methods > Flashcards

Mining Methods Flashcards

1
Q

are horizontal tunnels that are dug beneath the ore body

A

Haulage Tunnel

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2
Q

is an underground hard rock mining method that involves undermining beneath the ore body, allowing it to progressively collapse under its own weight

A

Block Caving

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3
Q

large rock tunnels directly below the undercut

A

Drawbells

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4
Q

an upward sloping tunnel in Block Caving

A

Raises

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5
Q

Block Caving

deposit thickness

depth

A

> 100ft or 30m

> 600m and <1200m

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6
Q

Equipments in Block Caving

A

Hydraulic Powered Percussion Jumbo

ANFO

LHD Unit

Converyor Belt

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7
Q

Block Caving can be used to extract (4)

A

Lamproite
Asbestos
Diamong-bearing kimberlite
Low grade Cu, Mo, Fe ore

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8
Q

Mining that uses Block Caving

A

Padcal Mine - Philex

195

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9
Q

Recovery Rate of Block Caving

A

90-125%

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10
Q

Sublevel Stoping are often referred as

A

Long Hole Stoping

Blast Hole Stoping

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11
Q

Sublevel Stoping

a. Deposit thickness
b. Dip
c. Depth

A

6-30m
>45-50 but preferrably 60-90 deg
<1.2km max 2.4

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12
Q

drilling pattern holes are drilled fanning out from the roof of the sublevel, applied to stoping in narrow stopes

A

Fan Drilling Pattern

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13
Q

drilling pattern where the holes are drilled all the way around the working level. Used in massive deposits as it allows for the holes to reach the sides of the deposits

A

Ring Drilling Pattern

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14
Q

drilling vertical holes in parallel lines. Preferable into narrow bodies

A

Parallel Drilling Pattern

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15
Q

Mine that practice Sublevel Stoping

A

Oceana Didipio Mine
Nagtipunan, Quirino
Porphyry Cu

Lepanto Consolidated Mining Company
Mankayan, benguet
Au, Cu, Ag

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16
Q

Mining methods practiced in

a. Oceana
b. Lepanto

A

a. Truck and Shovel
Loader Sub-level Stoping
Paste Backfill

b. Sub-level Stoping
Sub-level Caving

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17
Q

usually undertaken when mining the orebody througn an open pit is no longer economically viable

A

Sublevel Caving

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18
Q

configuration method in stopes where the ore is detonated by drilling a fan or parallel

A

Sublevel Stoping

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19
Q

used to mine large ore bodies with steep dip, massive and continuation at depth

A

Sublevel Caving

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20
Q

Equipments in Sublevel method

A

Drill Jumbo
hammer drill
LHD

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21
Q

Mines that practice Sublevel Caving

A

Kiruna Mine
Norbotten County, Lapland
4km long, 80km thick, 2km deep
Iron Ore

largest and most modern underground Fe ore mine in the world

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22
Q

a method of drilling which uses dual wall drill rods that consist of an outer drill rod with an inner tube that allow the drill cuttings to be transporter back to the surface

A

Reverse Circulation Drilling

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23
Q

Reverse Circulation Drilling

a. diameter
b. penetration

A

a. 24-50 in

b. 1km

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24
Q

samples from rc drilling are composed of broken up pieces of rock called

A

chips

25
Q

size of chips in rc drilling

A

around 10mm

26
Q

involves vertically drilling large-diameter holes into the orebody from the top, then blasting horizontal slices of the orebody into an undercut

A

VCR method

27
Q

VCR Deposit

a. dip
b. width

A

a. >45 deg

b. <12-15m

28
Q

Example of Mine that uses VCR

A

Subury Basin

Ni-Cu

29
Q

Where was the VCR method first used

A

Levack Mine

Subury Basin Northern Range 1974

30
Q

RC Holes Sampling and the sample mass

A

a. Bulk Sample (20kg)
b. Calico Bag Sample (2-3kg)
c. Representative Sample (1kg)
d. Rock Chips

31
Q

is used for determining the composition of the drill material

A

XRF Analysis

32
Q

Companies that uses RC Drilling

A

Agata Mining Ventures Inc.
-Agusan Del Norte

TVI Resources Development Inc.
-Mindanao and Panay

Carmen Copper Corp.
-Toledo, Cebu

33
Q

is a soil penetration technique that strongly reduces friction on the drill string and drill but

A

Sonic Drilling

34
Q

Sonic Drilling Procedure

A

Core barrel Advancement
Over Casing
Core Material
Repeat Process

35
Q

Mining Company that uses Sonic Drilling

A

Richards Bay Minerals

-Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa

36
Q

method of drilling holes done with a helical screw driven rotationally into the ground

A

Auger Drilling

37
Q

other terms for helical screw

A

Flighting

38
Q

is commonly used to hydrate dry holes to improve penetration and help lift cuttings

A

Water

39
Q

Auger Drilling

a. Depth limitation
b. Rotation Speed
c. Length of rods

A

20m
30rpm
1,5m or 3m

40
Q

Types of Auger Drill

A

Hollow Stem Auger Drilling

Solid Flight or Bucket Augers

41
Q

Deposit Suitability of Auger Drilling

A

Coal

42
Q

Mining Company that uses Auger Drilling

A

Semirara Power and Mining Corp.

43
Q

a method in which rock is not hammered by the drill unlike for percussive drilling

A

Rotary Drilling using Tricone Bit

44
Q

Rotary Drilling

a. Rotation Rate
b. Air Velocity

A

50 to 90 rpm

30 to 45m/s

45
Q

Two Important Parameters in Rotary Drilling

A

Feed Pressure

Rotational Feed

46
Q

Mining Company that uses Rotary Drilling

A

Exploration Drilling Corp.

47
Q

process of excavating any near-surface ore deposit by means of an excavation or cut made at the surface using horizontal benches

A

Open Pit Mining

48
Q

benches that are 30 to hundreds of meters that is in process of being excavated

A

Working benches

49
Q

are remnants of working benches retained for pit slope stability

A

Inactive Benches

50
Q

are used to prevent cascading materials from interfering safety of active benches

A

Catch Benches

51
Q

are located at the crest of benches to prevent equipment from backing over

A

Safety Bench or Windrows

52
Q

are used to increased effectiveness of catch benches at containing bench scale rockfalls

A

Catch berm

53
Q

provide route for haulage of ore and overburden from active excavation area to the pit rim and beyond

A

Haul Road

54
Q

produces the largest material in open pit mining and does not generate revenue

A

Overburden Disposal

55
Q

Two types of Overburden Disposal

A

Paddock Dumping or Bottom Up

End Dumping to top down

56
Q

pushbacks or cut backs divided into conventional and sequential

A

Pit Expansion

57
Q

world’s oldest, largest, and deepest open pit mine

A

Bingham Canyon Mine
discovered in 1848
opened in 1906

Salt Lake, City, Utah, US
Cu, Au, Ag, Mo

58
Q

Open pit mines in PH

A

Panian Open Pit
-Semirara Island, Caluya, Antique

Kingking Mines Corp
-Pantukan, Davao del Norte

Carmen Copper Corp.
-Toledo, Cebu

Sagittarius Mines Inc.
-Tampakan, South Cotabato

TVI Resouce Development Phil Inc.
-Zamboanga del Norte

Mining & Exploration Geology (4 decks)

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