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State Final > Minimum questions for the state veterinary medicine examination, 2022. > Flashcards

Minimum questions for the state veterinary medicine examination, 2022. Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Definition of animals suspected of being infected with anthrax ?
A

1. Definition of animals suspected of being infected with anthrax

Suspected of being infected:

  • Were in contact with animal died of, diseased in or suspicious to anthrax within 20 days before the confirmation.
  • Consumed feedstuffs or water of the same origin as feedstuffs or water of animal died of, diseased in or suspicious to anthrax.
  • Grazed on a pasture infected with anthrax without vaccination 2 weeks-6 months before.
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2
Q
  1. Definition of animals diseased with anthrax ?
A

2. Definition of animals diseased with anthrax

Diseased animal:

  • Typical clinical signs
  • Characteristic lesions in the organs (pm, meat inspection)
  • Laboratory findings
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3
Q
  1. Official measures in case of animals diseased with anthrax ?
A

Official surveillance:

  • Separation of:
  • Diseased animals and those suspected of being diseased
  • Animals suspected as being infected

Other susceptible animals

  • Diseased and suspected diseased animals:
  • Immediate treatment
  • Change of feedstuffs, drinking water, and no access to grazing
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4
Q
  1. Official measures in case of animals suspected of being infected with anthrax ?
A

4. Official measures in case of animals suspected of being infected with anthrax

-Animals suspected as being infected:

  • Vaccination + 14 days observation period
  • Cattle + horse: taking the temperature regularly
  • Sheep + goat + pig: Daily observation
  • In case of fever or CS: treatment
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5
Q
  1. Rules of taking samples in case of FMD suspicion ?
A

5. Rules of taking samples in case of FMD suspicion

Samples:

  • 1g of tissue from an unruptured or recently ruptured vesicle.
  • Epithelium samples should be placed in a transport medium which maintains a pH of 7.2-7.4.
  • Samples should be kept at 4 oC.
  • Oesophageal-pharyngeal fluid collected by means of a probang cup (a special device for collecting cells from the walls of the upper part of the oesophageus).
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6
Q
  1. Use of vaccination in case of confirmation of FMD ?
A

6.Use of vaccination in case of confirmation of FMD ?

  • Vaccinated animals from tested herds may be moved within the Member State
  • A system of traceability ensures that they are excluded from Community trade
  • Emergency vaccination
  • Classification of herds
  • Animals: clearly identified, registered and must not be moved
  • Specific measures in the vaccination zone to the movements of animals and their products
  • Clinical and serological survey
  • Two types:
  • Protective: regionalization of the vaccination zone and second surveillance zone: at least 10 km wide
  • Suppressive: part of an immediate stamping-out strategy, applied to ensure
  • minimal spread of the virus during disposal of the infected animals, carried
  • out only within protection zone and on clearly identified holdings
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7
Q
  1. Rules of recovery of foot-and mouth disease free status if no vaccination has been used:?
A

7. Rules of recovery of foot-and mouth disease free status if no vaccination has been used:

If no vaccination has been used:

The control and eradication measures laid down for the protection and surveillance zones have been effective and may be lifted and at least three months have elapsed after the last recorded outbreak.

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8
Q
  1. Definition of officially brucellosis free bovine herd ?
A

8. Definition of officially brucellosis free bovine herd

  • No clinical signs (for min 12 month)
  • No vaccination(3 years)
  • All animals >12 months:
  • 2 serological tests (6-12 months interval)
  • All introduced animals must be from officially free herds or tested (within previous 30 days)
  • Regular testing (yearly)
  • General measures:
  • Isolation of the holding,
  • biosecurity,
  • lab examinations and records of them,
  • isolated calving,
  • control of movement of vehicles,
  • control of the dogs and cats on the holding etc.
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9
Q
  1. Definition of positive single intradermal tuberculin test ?
A

9. Definition of positive single intradermal tuberculin test

Positive reaction:

If clinical signs are observed

or there is an increase of 4 mm or more in the thickness of the fold of skin at the injection site.

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10
Q
  1. Definition of negative single intradermal tuberculin test ?
A

10. Definition of negative single intradermal tuberculin test

  • Negative reaction:
  • if only limited swelling is observed,
  • with an increase of not more than 2 mm in the thickness of the fold of skin
  • without clinical signs such as
  • diffuse or extensive oedema,
  • exudation,
  • necrosis,
  • pain or inflammation of the lymphatic ducts
  • in that region or of the lymph nodes.
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11
Q
  1. Definition of positive comparative intradermal tuberculin test ?
A

11. Definition of positive comparative intradermal tuberculin test

positive:

  • a positive bovine reaction which is more than 4 mm greater than the avian reaction,
  • or the presence of clinical signs.
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12
Q
  1. Definition of negative comparative intradermal tuberculin test ?
A

12. Definition of negative comparative intradermal tuberculin test

Negative:

  • a negative bovine reaction,
  • or a positive or inconclusive bovine reaction
  • but which is equal to or less than
  • a positive or inconclusive avian reaction
  • and the absence of clinical signs in both cases.
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13
Q
  1. Definition of tuberculosis free bovine herd ?
A

13. Definition of tuberculosis free bovine herd

  • No clinical signs(min 12 months)
  • All animals >6 weeks: Two official intradermal tuberculin tests
  • 1st: 6 months after removal of the infected animals
  • 2nd: 6-12 months later
  • Animals introduced from officially free herds or tested (within 30 days)
  • Meat inspection/lesions: Compulsory investigation
  • 2 Yearly TB testing of all animals over 12 months
  • General measures:
  • Isolation of the holding,
  • record of comperative lab examinations,
  • control of movements of visitors, animals, vehicles,
  • control of dogs and cats on the holding etc. )
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14
Q
  1. Definition of officially enzootic-bovine-leukosis-free herd ?
A

14. Definition of officially enzootic-bovine-leukosis-free herd

  • There is no evidence,
  • either clinical or as a result of a laboratory test,
  • of any case of enzootic bovine leukosis in the herd
  • and no such case has been confirmed in the previous two years;
  • and all animals over 24 months of age have reacted negatively during the preceding 12 months to two tests carried out at an interval of at least four months;
  • or is situated in an officially enzootic-bovine-leukosis-free Member State or region.
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15
Q
  1. Definition of IBR-virus free bovine herd ?
A

15. Definition of IBR-virus free bovine herd

  • all animals over 6 months of age are tested 2x (interval 2-12 months)
  • in dairy herd: milk samples: 3x (interval 2 months)
  • IBR-free semen for insemination
  • embryo-transfer: free parents
  • introduced animals:
  • first blood or milk test is negative
  • originating from free herd
  • test during the 30 days isolation: 2x (21 days)
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16
Q
  1. Maintanance of IBR-virus free status in bovine herd?
A

16. Maintanance of IBR-virus free status in bovine herd

  • all animals over 6 months of age : tested in every 12 months
  • animals for slaughter: test before transport for slaughter
  • dairy herd: milk test in every 6 months
  • aborted animals: test 3-6 weeks after abortion
  • only animals originating from free herds are introduced (test: 2x, 21 days interval)
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17
Q
  1. Definition of specified risk material in bovine animals?
A

17. Definition of specified risk material in bovine animals

  • the skull excluding the mandible and including the brain and eyes,
  • and the spinal cord of animals aged over 12months
  • the vertebral column excluding the vertebrae of the tail,
  • the transverse processes of the lumbar and thoracic vertebrae and the wings of the sacrum,
  • but including dorsal root ganglia,
  • and spinal cord of animals aged over 30 months,
  • the tonsils and the intestines from the duodenum to the rectum
  • and the mesentery of animals of all ages;
18
Q
  1. Definition of specified risk material in ovine and caprine animals ?
A

18. Definition of specified risk material in ovine and caprine animals

  • the skull including the brain and eyes,
  • the tonsils,
  • the spinal chord of animals aged over 12 months
  • or which have a permanent incisor erupted through the gum,
  • and the spleen and ileum of animals of all ages.
19
Q
  1. Definition of “cohort” in case of confirmation of BSE ?
A

19. Definition of “cohort” in case of confirmation of BSE

  • A group of bovine animals,
  • which were either born in the same herd (within 12 months preceding or following the birth of) as the affected cattle,
  • or were reared together with the affected animal at any time during their first year of life,
  • or which may have consumed the same feed as that the affected animal consumed during the first year of its life.
20
Q
  1. Official measure in case of confirmation of African swine fever on a holding ?
A

20. Official measure in case of confirmation of African swine fever on a holding

  • All pigs on the holding must be killed and their carcasses processed.
  • All contaminated material (meat, semen, ova) or waste must be destroyed, processed or treated.
  • Cleaning and disinfection of all premises, vehicles, and equipment must be carried out under official surveillance.
  • Meat of pigs slaughtered during the period between the probable introduction of the disease to the holding and implementation of official measures shall - where possible - be traced and processed under official supervision.
  • Protection zone: min. 3 km.
  • Lifting restrictions: min. 45 days.
  • Surveillance zone: min 10 km.
  • Lifting restrictions: min 40 days.
  • Restrictions are removed based on a serological survey.
  • Census of all holdings, ban on movement and transport of pigs
  • Movement restriction: products, people and vehicles
  • No markets, fairs etc.
  • Strict cleaning, disinfection and disinsectization
21
Q
  1. Official measures in case of confirmation of classical swine fever on a holding ?
A

21. Official measures in case of confirmation of classical swine fever on a holding

  • All pigs on the holding must be slaughtered and their carcasses rendered
  • Any material (meat, semen, ova) or any waste likely to be contaminated must be destroyed, rendered or processed
  • Cleaning and disinfection must be carried out under official supervision
  • Meat of any pigs slaughtered during the period between the probable introduction of the disease to the holding and the taking of official measures shall, wherever possible, be traced and processed under official supervision
  • An epidemiological enquiry must be carried out
22
Q
  1. Official measures in case of confirmation of classical swine fever in feral pigs ?
A

22. Official measures in case of confirmation of classical swine fever in feral pigs

  • Determination of infected area
  • Official surveillance of the pig holdings in the affected area
  • Official census
  • Isolation of domestic pigs from feral pigs
  • No pigs must enter or leave the holding without isolation or authorization
  • Written plan of measures to be undertaken to eradicate the disease in the infected area (geographical, distribution, inform hunters, approx. number, method of carcass removal)
23
Q
  1. Use of vaccination in case of confirmation of classical swine fever?
A

23. Use of vaccination in case of confirmation of classical swine fever

  • The use of preventive classical swine fever vaccines is prohibited
  • The Member State concerned may submit an emergency vaccination plan to the Commission for both farm pigs and feral pigs
  • MUST use marker vaccine.
  • Makes it distinguishable from natural infection
24
Q
  1. Definition of Aujeszky disease infection free swine herd ?
A

24. Definition of Aujeszky disease infection free swine herd

  • No infections for 2 years
  • Epidemiological conditions (e.g. isolation, controlled movements, laboratory
  • examinations, records)
  • No vaccination
  • Testing of all breeding sows and boars and representative sample of fattening pigs
  • Insemination or natural breeding with negative semen/boars
25
Q
  1. Definition of animals diseased of equine infectious anaemia ?
A

25. Definition of animals diseased of equine infectious anaemia

  • Typical CS or; Non-typical CS
  • but demonstration of the virus
  • and /or 2 positive serology tests
  • with a 21 days interval
  • Pathology, histopathology
26
Q
  1. Definition of animals suspected of being contaminated with equine infectious anaemia ?
A

26. Definition of animals suspected of being contaminated with equine infectious anaemia

  • Kept with diseased or suspected of being diseased animals within 90 days
  • No clinical signs but 2 inconclusive tests
  • or 1 positive serology test (21 days time interval)
27
Q
  1. Evaluation of ophthalmic test in case of glanders ?
A

27. Evaluation of ophthalmic test in case of glanders

  • 24 hours rest
  • 0.2 ml mallein dripped onto the conjunctiva
  • evaluation: 8-12 or 16-24 hours:
  • positive: swelling, purulent discharge
  • inconclusive: mucous discharge
  • negative
28
Q

28.Official control measures in case of confirmation of African horse sickness outbreak?

A

28.Official control measures in case of confirmation of African horse sickness outbreak

  • inform the public about the restrictions
  • killing of infected horses
  • disposal of carcasses and animal waste
  • strict disinfection
  • 20 km zone
  • official surveillance, obligatory vaccination, laboratory examination of

dogs, killing of diseased dogs

  • epizootic inquiry
  • taking into account of epidemiological, geographical, climate conditions
29
Q
  1. Definition of potentially rabid animal ?
A

29. Definition of potentially rabid animal

  • An animal that shows symptoms of the disease, or
  • An animal that is symptomless, but has been bitten by a potentially rabid animal, or
  • A wild mammal that behaves strangely or that attacks humans
30
Q
  1. Definition of potentially rabies-infected animal ?
A

30. Definition of potentially rabies-infected animal

An animal that has or may have been in contact with a rabid or potentially rabid animal within the last 90 days.

31
Q
  1. Definition of rabies risky animal ?
A

31. Definition of rabies risky animal

  • Any mammal that has attacked/bitten humans, or
  • Any dog that has not received an anti-rabies vaccination in accordance with the regulations.
32
Q
  1. Official measures with potentially rabid animals ?
A

32. Official measures with potentially rabid animals

  • The potentially rabid domestic animal or susceptible animal kept in captivity shall be killed or, upon the animal keeper’s request, put under official monitoring for 90 days if the conditions of such monitoring can be ensured without any problem.
  • The animals showing clinical symptoms shall be inspected daily, while the animals not showing clinical symptoms shall be inspected weekly.
  • The potentially rabid stray or wild animals shall be killed and the official veterinarian shall be informed without delay.
33
Q
  1. Official measures with potentially rabies-infected animals ?
A

33. Official measures with potentially rabies-infected animals

  • Potentially rabies-infected animals shall be put under official monitoring for 90 days.
  • Potentially rabies-infected carnivorous animals shall be monitored under isolation at the place of their keeping, inspected once every three weeks or, if their safe separation is not possible, at an official place.
  • Potentially rabies-infected non-carnivorous animals shall be inspected once every three weeks. During the monitoring period the animals shall be kept (and preferably tied) separately to avoid their contact with humans or other animals.
34
Q
  1. Official measures with potentially rabies risky animals?
A

34. Official measures with potentially rabies risky animals

  • Rabies-risky animals shall be put under official monitoring for 14 days and, unless they already have it, the dogs shall be marked with an electronic transponder (a microchip implanted under the skin) at the owner’s cost.
  • At the end of the monitoring period it is necessary to order the anti-rabies vaccination of the dogs not having a valid vaccination.
  • Rabies-risky carnivorous animals shall be monitored on the dog keeper’s site or, in lack of that, on any other site available and suitable for such purpose inhibiting any contact with humans and other animals.
  • The animals showing any clinical symptoms shall be inspected daily until they are fully recovered, while the animals not showing clinical symptoms shall be inspected weekly.
  • Rabies-risky non-carnivorous animals shall be monitored at the place of their keeping or separation.
35
Q
  1. Rules of preventive vaccination of dogs against rabies ?
A

35. Rules of preventive vaccination of dogs against rabies

  • The animal keeper shall arrange, at his/her own cost, for the vaccination of all dogs >3 months old to be performed by the private veterinarian responsible for the health provisions of such dogs as follows:
  • Within 30 days after reaching 3 months of age, and
  • Within 6 months after the first vaccination, and
  • Every year afterwards
36
Q

36.Public health measures in case of rabies?

A

36.Public health measures in case of rabies

  • the official veterinarian shall notify the competent regional medical institute
  • if
  • he/she confirms rabies or potential rabies
  • he/she becomes aware of the fact that a rabid, potentially rabid
  • or
  • potentially rabies-infected animal has bitten any person
37
Q
  1. Official measures in case of confirmation of Newcastle disease on a holding?
A

37. Official measures in case of confirmation of Newcastle disease on a holding

  • All poultry must be killed on the spot
  • All carcasses and eggs must be destroyed
  • Any substance or waste likely to be infected/contaminated must be destroyed or treated appropriately
  • The meat of any animals/poultry slaughtered and any eggs laid during the presumed incubation period are traced and destroyed
  • Any poultry hatched from such eggs are placed under official surveillance
  • Thorough cleaning and disinfection
  • Reintroduction - At least 21 days after the end of the disinfection operations
  • Protection zone: Minimum radius of 3 km
  • Stand-still measures and controlled movements of poultry for at least 21 days
  • Before lifting restriction measures: sampling of the poultry holdings
  • Surveillance zone: Minimum radius of 10 km
  • Stand-still measures and controlled movements of poultry for at least 30 days
  • Before lifting restriction measures: sampling of the poultry holdings
38
Q
  1. Official measures in case of confirmation of Newcastle disease in pigeons?
A

38. Official measures in case of confirmation of Newcastle disease in pigeons

  • Application of the control and eradication measures provided for poultry; or
  • At least a ban on movement of the pigeons or birds kept in captivity for at least 60 days
  • Destruction or treatment of any matter or waste likely to be contaminated;
  • Epizootiological inquiry
  • Use of swill is prohibited for the feeding of poultry
  • Contingency plan
39
Q

39.Rules of lifting the restrictions ordered in case of scabies:?

A

39.Rules of lifting the restrictions ordered in case of scabies:

  • observation periods
  • if wool < 2cm 42 days after dipping
  • if wool >2cm 70 days after 2X dipping
  • other preparations: 42 days
  • other species: 42 days after 2X treatment
40
Q

40.Official control measures with rabbit flocks diseased of viral haemorrhagic disease ?

A

40.Official control measures with rabbit flocks diseased of viral haemorrhagic disease

  • diseased
  • movement restrictions, slaughter is prohibited, killing
  • disposal of carcasses
  • valuable flock: killing of diseased animals + vaccination of the remaining flock (during 6 months)

State Final (27 decks)

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