Minimals Flashcards
Na+ (Intracellular)
8 - 20 mmol/L
K+ (Intracellular)
135 -150 mmol/L
Ca2+ (Intracellular)
0.1 - 1.0 µmol/L
Gas transport in blood
Pulmonary ventilation
7 - 9 L/min (at rest)
Respiratory rate
14 - 18/min (at rest)
Tidal volume (TV)
0.5 L
Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
2.5 L
Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
1.0 L
Vital capacity (VC)
4.0 L
Residual volume
1.5 L
Tiffeneau-index (FEV1/FEVC*100)
> 80 %
Atmospheric air gas tension
pO2: 158 mmHg
pCo2: 0.2 mmHg
Alveolar air gas tension
pO2: 100 mmHg
pCO2: 40 mmHg
Venous blood gas tension
pO2: 40 mmHg
pCO2: 46 mmHg
Arterial blood gas tension
pO2: 95 mmHg
pCO2: 40 mmHg
Cardiac output (at rest)
5.0 - 5.5 L/min
Maximal cardiac output during exercise
20 - 25 L/min
Heart rate (at rest)
60 - 100/min
Stroke volume
70 - 80 mL
P wave duration
0.08 - 0.10 s
PQ interval
0.12 - 0.20 s
QRS duration
0.06 - 0.10 s
QT interval
0.32 - 0.39 s
Left ventricle hydrostatic pressure in systemic circulation
120/0 mmHg
Aorta’s hydrostatic pressure in systemic circulation
120/80 mmHg
Capillary (arterial end) hydrostatic pressure in systemic circulation
30 mmHg
Capillary (venous end) hydrostatic pressure in systemic circulation
10 mmHg
Right atrium hydrostatic pressure in systemic circulation
2 - 3 mmHg
Right ventricle hydrostatic pressure in pulmonary circulation
25/0 mmHg
Pulmonary artery hydrostatic pressure in pulmonary circulation
25/8 mmHg
Pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure in pulmonary circulation
7 - 8 mmHg
Left atrium hydrostatic pressure in pulmonary circulation
6 mmHg
Colloidosmotic pressure of blood plasma
20 - 25 mmHg
pH of gastric juice
1 - 2
Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
155 - 175 kJ/h·m²
Energy content of protein
Energy released by combustion in calorimeter: 24 kJ/g
Energy released by oxidation in the body: 17 kJ/g
Energy content of carbohydrate
Energy released by combustion in calorimeter: 17 kJ/g
Energy released by oxidation in the body: 17 kJ/g
Energy content of fat
Energy released by combustion in calorimeter: 40 kJ/g
Energy released by oxidation in the body: 40 kJ/g
Oxygen energy equivalent
19 - 21 kJ/L
Respiratory quotient (RQ)
Carbohydrate oxidized: 1
Fat oxidized: 0.7
Normal diet: 0.8 - 0.85
Daily recommended protein intake
0.8 g/kg
Body mass index (BMI)
20 - 25 kg/m²