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Pharm Exam 3 > Mini ANS powerpoint > Flashcards

Mini ANS powerpoint Flashcards

1
Q

Activation of which of the following peripheral nervous system receptor subtypes is most commonly associated with smooth muscle contraction?

A. alpha-1
B. Beta-1
C. M2
D. NM

A

alpha-1

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2
Q

Select the TRUE statement concerning neurotransmission in the peripheral nervous system:

A. NE activation of α2 adrenergic receptors on cholinergic neurons in the GI tract will increase ACh release.

B. NE activation of α2 adrenergic receptors on adrenergic neurons in cardiac tissue will increase NE release.

C. ACh activation of NN receptors on the adrenal gland causes release of epinephrine.

D. Prolonged stimulation of M receptors can lead to a depolarization blockade.

A

C. ACh activation of NN receptors on the adrenal gland causes release of epinephrine.

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3
Q 
Which of the following drugs causes vasodilation that can be blocked by atropine? 
A. Doxazosin
B. Labetalol
C. Nitroglycerin
D. Bethanechol
A

D. Bethanechol

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4
Q

Direct-acting parasympathetic agonists are used in thetreatment of:

A. Asthma
B. Paralytic ileus
C. Diarrhea
D. Bradycardia

A

B. Paralytic Ileus

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5
Q

Which of the following organs or organ systems has M receptors present, but lacks cholinergic innervation?

A. Blood vessels (resistance)
B. Eye
C. Urinary bladder muscle
D. Lungs

A

A. blood vessels (resistance)

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6
Q

Select the optimal drug action to INCREASE GI motility in patients with paralytic ileus

A. Alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist
B. Muscarinic agonist
C. Beta-2 adrenergic agonist
D. Muscarinic antagonist

A

B. Muscarinic agonist

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7
Q

Select the optimal drug action for relief of overactive bladder:

A. Alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist
B. Beta-1 adrenergic agonist
C. Muscarinic antagonist
D. Muscarinic agonist

A

C. Muscarinic antagonist

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8
Q

Therapeutic uses of muscarinic receptor antagonists include all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Treatment of tachycardia
B. Prevention of motion sickness
C. Treatment of asthma and COPD
D. Treatment of narrow angle glaucoma

A

D. Treatment of narrow angle glaucoma

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9
Q

All of the following side effects are associated with drugs that block muscarinic receptors EXCEPT:

A. Delirium
B. Hypotension
C. Dry Mouth
D. Urinary retention

A

B. hypotension

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10
Q

Select the optimal receptor action for producing mydriasis and cycloplegia for eye exams

A. Alpha-1 adrenergic agonist
B. Beta-2 adrenergic agonist
C. Muscarinic antagonist
D. Muscarinic agonist

A

C. Muscarinic antagonist

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11
Q 
Select the optimal receptor action for producing mydriasis without cycloplegia for eye exams
A. Alpha-1 adrenergic agonist 
B. Beta-2 adrenergic agonist
C. Muscarinic antagonist
D. Muscarinic agonist
A

A. Alpha-1 adrenergic agonist

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12
Q

Which of the following organ systems is INCORRECTLY matched with the predominant adrenergic receptor subtype present in that tissue?

A. Radial pupillary dilator muscle - α1

B. Uterine smooth muscle - β2

C. Urinary bladder smooth muscle - α1

D. Kidney-renin release - β1

E. Resistance blood vessels - α1

A

C. Urinary bladder smooth muscle - α1

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13
Q

Which set of direct action / reflex compensatory response would you see following IV administration of a selective α1-adrenergic receptor agonist?
Direct Effect & Baroreceptor Reflex Action:

A. Vasodilation —-> Reflex bradycardia

B. Vasodilation–>Reflex tachycardia

C. Vasoconstriction–> Reflex tachycardia

D. Vasoconstriction–> Reflex bradycardia

A

D. Vasoconstriction—> Reflex bradycardia

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14
Q

Select the optimal receptor action for reduction of aqueous humor production in glaucoma:

A. Beta-2 adrenergic agonist
B. Muscarinic agonist
C. Muscarinic antagonist
D. Beta adrenergic antagonist

A

D. Beta adrenergic antagonist

*Note that increase in aqueous humor outflow occurs with prostaglandin analogs and muscarinic agonists (pilocarpine)

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15
Q 
Epinephrine “reversal” (a paradoxical decrease in blood pressure when systemic epinephrine is given) occurs if epinephrine is given with a drug that blocks which receptor type:
A. Beta-1-adrenergic 
B. Beta-2-adrenergic 
C. Muscarinic cholinergic
D. Alpha-1-adrenergic
A

D. Alpha-1 Adrenergic

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16
Q

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system in response (flight-or-fight response) to an environmental stressor causes epinephrine release from the adrenal gland, resulting in which of the following actions?

A. Pupil constriction (miosis)

B. Increased bronchoconstriction

C. Loss of bladder sphincter tone

D. Increase in phase 4 slope of AV nodal cells

A

D. Increase in phase 4 slope of AV nodal cells

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17
Q

Which action of clonidine explains why it causes xerostomia in 35% of patients?

A. It activates alpha-2 receptors on adrenergic neurons in the GI tract

B. It blocks alpha-2 receptors on cholinergic neurons in the GI tract

C. It activates alpha-2 receptors on salivary glands in the GI tract

D. It decreases release of ACh from cholinergic neurons innervating salivary glands

A

D. It decreases release of ACh from cholinergic neurons innervating salivary glands

18
Q

Select the optimal drug action for relief of nasal congestion:

Alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist
Alpha-1 adrenergic agonist
Muscarinic agonist
Muscarinic antagonist

A

Alpha-1 adrenergic agonist

19
Q

Which one of the following therapeutic actions listed below results from stimulation of β1-adrenergic receptors?

A. Suppression of premature labor
B. Increase in cardiac output during acute heart failure

C. Increased production of aqueous humor

D.Relief of supraventricular tachycardia

A

B. Increase in cardiac output during acute heart failure

20
Q

Which one of the following therapeutic actions listed below results from stimulation of β2-adrenergic receptors?

A. Suppression of premature labor
B. Increase in cardiac output during acute heart failure

C. Decreased production of aqueous humor

D.Relief of supraventricular tachycardia

A

A. Suppression of premature labor

21
Q

Blockade of α1-adrenergic receptors would result in the therapeutic action of:

A. Relief of nasal congestion

B. Prolongation of local anesthetic action

C. Lowering of BP in hypertensive individuals

D.Relief of overactive or unstable bladder

A

C. Lowering of BP in hypertensive individuals

22
Q

Select the optimal receptor action to improve urinary symptoms* in benign prostatic hyperplasia:

A. Alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist

B. Muscarinic antagonist

C. Alpha-1 adrenergic agonist

D. Beta-1 adrenergic agonist

A

A. Alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist

*Frequent urinary urgency, diminished urinary stream, urinary retention

23
Q

Select the optimal drug action for control of catecholamine-induced tachyarrhythmias:

A. Alpha-1 agonist

B. Alpha-1 antagonist

C. Beta-1 antagonist

D. Muscarinic agonist

A

C. Beta-1 antagonist

24
Q

A nonselective Beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist that also blocks alpha-1-adrenergic receptors resulting in vasodilatory actions is:

A. Carvedilol (Coreg)

B. Albuterol (Proventil)

C. Atenolol (Tenormin)

D. Propranolol (Inderal)

A

A. Carvedilol (Coreg)

25
Q

Selective (β1) or non-selective (β1/β2) “β-blockers” can be used in treatment of all the following conditions EXCEPT:

Angina
Arrhythmias
Tremors
Asthma

A

Asthma

26
Q

Relative to nonselective β1/β2 antagonists, an advantage of using β1 selective antagonists in the treatment of angina is the reduced potential for:

A. Vasodilation-induced hypotension

B. Bronchospasm

C.Dry mouth

D.Muscle tremors

A

B. Bronchospasm

27
Q

A concern when examining patients is the possibility that they may be taking medications that interfere with the function of the baroreceptor reflex and can increase the potential for **orthostatic hypotension. This would be most likely to occur with which class of autonomic nervous system drugs?

A. alpha-1 antagonists

B. Muscarinic antagonists

C. Muscarinic agonists

D. Cholinesterase inhibitors

A

A. alpha-1 antagonists

28
Q

Select the safest drug action to treat hypertension in patients with asthma:

Beta-1 antagonist
Alpha-1 antagonist
Beta-2 agonist
Muscarinic antagonist

A

Alpha-1 antagonist

29
Q

Which of the following drugs poses a risk of increasing airway resistance (bronchoconstrictive effect) in a patient with asthma?

Atropine
Albuterol
Pilocarpine
Norepinephrine

A

Pilocarpine

30
Q

Select the agent that is utilized in treatment of nerve gas poisoning that can manage the effects of excessive acetylcholine at nicotinic neuronal receptors in the CNS:

Diazepam
Atropine
Physostigmine
Pralidoxime

A

Diazepam

31
Q

A side effect that can be seen with a cholinesterase inhibitor is:

Shortness of breath
Blurred vision
Tachycardia
Urinary retention

A

Shortness of breath

32
Q

In the majority of cases, the ultimate cause of death from poisoning by irreversible cholinesterase inhibitors is:

A. Shock
B. Convulsions
C. Dehydration from vomiting and diarrhea
D. Respiratory paralysis

A

D. Respiratory paralysis

33
Q

Epinephrine “reversal” (a paradoxical decrease in blood pressure when systemic epinephrine is given) occurs because of epinephrine’s actions on:

A. Alpha-1 adrenergic receptors

B. Beta-1 adrenergic receptors

C. Beta-2 adrenergic receptors

D. Muscarinic cholinergic receptors

E. Nicotinic receptors at the neuromuscular junction

A

C. Beta-2 adrenergic receptors

34
Q

Antimuscarinic or anticholinergic agents could be used in primary care for:

A. Relief of dental anxiety

B. Treatment of xerostomia

C. Post procedure treatment of inflammation

D. Overactive bladder

E. Bacterial infections

A

D. overactive bladder

35
Q

Select the optimal receptor action to decrease GI motility in patients with diarrhea

A. Alpha-1 adrenergic agonist

B. Alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist

C. Beta-1 adrenergic agonist

D. Beta-1 adrenergic antagonist

E. Beta-2 adrenergic agonist

F. Muscarinic agonist

G. Muscarinic antagonist

A

G. Muscarinic antagonist

36
Q

Select the optimal receptor action to increase salivary flow for treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia

A. Alpha-1 adrenergic agonist

B. Alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist

C. Beta-1 adrenergic agonist

D. Beta-1 adrenergic antagonist

E. Beta-2 adrenergic agonist

F. Muscarinic agonist

G. Muscarinic antagonist

A

F. Muscarinic agonist

37
Q

Which receptor action is associated with block of accommodation (cycloplegia) for ophthalmic exams?

A. Alpha-1 adrenergic agonist

B. Alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist

C. Beta-1 adrenergic agonist

D. Beta-1 adrenergic antagonist

E. Beta-2 adrenergic agonist

F. Muscarinic agonist

G. Muscarinic antagonist

A

G. Muscarinic antagonist

38
Q

Which of the following organ systems is INCORRECTLY matched with the predominant adrenergic receptor subtype present in that tissue?

Heart  -  β1
Lungs  -  β2
Uterine smooth muscle  -  β1
Urinary bladder sphincter  -  α1
Kidney-renin release  -  β1
Radial pupillary dilator muscle  -  α1
A

Uterine smooth muscle - β1

39
Q

Which of the following autonomic nervous system drugs would be MOST likely to predispose a dental patient to cardiac arrhythmias due to an increase in cardiac conduction rate?

Albuterol
Atenolol
Isoproterenol
Pilocarpine
Propranolol
A

Isoproterenol

40
Q

A side effect that can be seen with a cholinesterase inhibitor is:

Blurred vision
Diarrhea
Drowsiness
Tachycardia
Urinary retention
A

B. Diarrhea

Pharm Exam 3 (2 decks)

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