Minerals, Vitamins, and Common Diets Flashcards
Helps in energy metabolism
Nerves of hands & feet
Skin, mouth, throat
Skin
Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin
Vitamin B1, B2, B3
Coenzyme, amino acid synthesis assistance
Blood
Pyridoxine (B6)
Coenzyme, essential for growth
Blood & body tissues
Folate (B9)
Coenzyme, red blood cell synthesis
Blood
Cobalamin (B12)
Collagen synthesis, antioxidant
Skin
Ascorbic acid (C)
Fluid balance, nerve transmission, muscle contraction
Renal cases, Hypertension
Sodium and Potassium (except Hypertension)
Carries oxygen, assists in energy production
Anemia, End Stage Renal Disease
Iron
Thyroid hormone production, growth, metabolism
Goiter, Hyper & Hypothyroidism, Radiation therapy
Iodine
Bone and teeth health maintenance, acid-base balance
Bone injury, osteoporosis, geriatric patients
Phosphorus & Calcium
the practice of restricting the diet to food substances of plant origin, including vegetables, fruits, grains, and nuts
Vegetarian diet
Sometimes meat, egg, dairy (limited red meats)
Semi-vegetarian/flexitarian/plant-based
fish
Pescatarian
milk, egg, dairy
lacto-ovo-vegetarian
egg
ovo-vegetarian
only brown rice, water, herbal tea
causes malnutrition and death
Macrobiotic diet
purely plant-based
lacks b12, zinc, iron, or calcium
Vegan
only fruits
lacks in CHON, Ca, Zn, Fe, B12, B2, and other nutrients
Fruitarian
For a vegetarian diet to provide needed nutrients it is essential to do
Proper Planning and Supplementation
translates to permissible, or lawful. Animals or poultry should be slaughtered in a ritual way
Halal
the ritual of butchering animals by inflicting the least amount of pain
Zabihah
A short-term eating plan designed to identify foods that may be causing adverse reactions in the body, such as allergies, intolerances, or sensitivities.
Elimination Diet
AKA diet free of added sugars or a low-glycemic diet. Eliminate or reduce the intake of simple sugars and refined CHO
No Concentrated Sweets (NCS) Diet or No Simple Sugar
Adverse reactions to certain products added to food to enhance taste, color, or protect against bacterial growth. Can cause vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and headcahes
Food intolerance
Diet that composed of few CHO so the body turns to fat for energy.
Ketogenic Diet
Very low-carb (10%), moderate CHON (20%), high fat (70%)
Standard ketogenic diet (SKD)
periods of higher carb 5 ketogenic days followed 2 high carb days
Cyclical ketogenic diet (CKD)
add carbs around intense workouts
Targeted ketogenic diet (TKD)
More protein, 60% fat, 35% CHON, 5% CHO
High-protein ketogenic diet (HPKD)
general term based on the traditional eating habits in the countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea
Mediterranean Diet
