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Earth Science > Minerals Quiz > Flashcards

Minerals Quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

Crystallography

A

Scientific study of the structure and symmetry of crystals

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2
Q

Crystal Faces

A

The planar, flat surfaces of a mineral grain that stopped growing when it was still in contact with gas or liquid.

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3
Q

Chemical properties

A

Some minerals react with dilute hydrochloric acid. Other minerals taste salty as a result of chemical reactions that take place on the surface of our tongues.

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4
Q

Physical properties

A

Determined by the mineral composition structure colour and the Lester of its surface.

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5
Q

Colour

A

Different colours are related to the impurities.

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6
Q

Streak

A

The colour of a fine green powder of a mineral is called a streak.

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7
Q

Luster

A

Appearance of a mineral surface in reflected light

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8
Q

Metallic minerals

A

Often subject to oxidation, tarnish, or other forms of chemical weathering that might alter their appearance

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9
Q

Thin sections

A

Carefully ground slices of minerals and rocks mounted on glass slides

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10
Q

Submetallic lustre

A

Elester that seems intermediate between metallic and nonmetallic. Might be affected by tarnish or oxidation like rust on steel

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11
Q

Vitreous

A

Resembles the lustre or sheen of glass

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12
Q

Resinous

A

Resembles a resin like Amber or dried Tree sap

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13
Q

Silky

A

A silk like reflection of light from thin parallel mineral fiber’s

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14
Q

Pearly

A

Resembles lustre of a pearl

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15
Q

Earthy

A

Lacking reflection like dry soil (dull)

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16
Q

Waxy

A

Resembles wax

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17
Q

Satin

A

Resemble Sat and cloth

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18
Q

Greasy

A

Looks like it’s covered in a thin film of oil or grease

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19
Q

Opaque minerals

A

Do not allow light to pass through them

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20
Q

Euhedral

A

Well developed Crystal faces. Only develop if Crystal is unrestricted as it grows in a gas or liquid

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21
Q

Subhedral

A

Mineral grains are partly bound by well formed crystals

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22
Q

Anhedral

A

Mineral grains grew into the space between existing solid mineral greens and have no apparent crystal faces on their grain boundaries

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23
Q

Cleavage

A

The tendency of some minerals to break Along flat, parallel surfaces

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24
Q

No cleavage

A

No broken parallel surfaces

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25
Q

One cleavage

A

Basal (book) Cleavage. Split apart along flat sheets

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26
Q

Two cleavage is intersect at or near 90°

A

Prismatic cleavage. Elongated forms that fracture a long short rectangular cross sections

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27
Q

To cleavages do not intersect at 90°

A

Prismatic cleavage. Elongated forms that fracture a long short parallelogram cross sections

28
Q

Three cleavages intersect at 90°

A

Cubic cleavage. Shapes made up of cubes and parts of cubes

29
Q

Three cleavages do not intersect at 90°

A

Rhombohedral cleavage. Shapes made of rhombohedrons and parts of rhombohedrons

30
Q

Forming cleavages intersect at 71° and 109° to form octagons which split along hexagon shaped surfaces many have secondary cleavages at 60° and 120°

A

Octahedral cleavage. Shapes made of octahedrons in parts of octahedrons

31
Q

Six cleavage is intersect at 60° and 120°

A

Dodecahedral cleavage. Shapes made of dodecahedrons and parts of the decahedrons

32
Q

Muscovite, biotite, chlorite

A

Basal cleavage

33
Q

Plagioclase
Pyroxene
Orthoclase

A

Prismatic 90°

34
Q

Halite

Galena

A

Cubic cleavage

35
Q

Fluorite

A

Octahedral cleavage

36
Q

Sphalerite

A

Dodecahedral cleavage

37
Q

Calcite

Dolomite

A

Rombohedral not at 90

38
Q

Amphibole

A

Prismatic not at 90

39
Q

Quartz

A

No cleavage

40
Q

Fracture

A

Any break in a mineral that does not occur along a cleavage playing is called

41
Q

Conchoidal

A

Smooth curved fracture surfaces, like glass

42
Q

Uneven

A

Rough irregular fracture surfaces

43
Q

Hackly

A

Breaks along jagged services like broken metal

44
Q

Splintery

A

Splinters like wood

45
Q

Fibrous

A

Separates into soft fibres like cloth

46
Q

Hardness

A

Minerals hardness is a measure of its resistance to scratching

47
Q

Softest material one on hardness scale

A

Talc

48
Q

Hardest material 10 on hardness scale

A

Diamond

49
Q

Hard minerals

A

Can scratch glass but cannot be scratched with a knife blade or masonry nail

50
Q

Soft minerals

A

Will not scratch glass but can be scratched with a knife blade or masonry nail

51
Q

Tenacity

A

Substance resists pulling or breaking apart. Brittle, malleable, elastic or flexible

52
Q

Reaction to acid

A

If mineral effervesces or physics or not

53
Q

Hardness scale 2

A

Gypsum

54
Q

Hardness scale three

A

Calcite

55
Q

Hardness scale four

A

Fluorite

56
Q

Hardness scale six

A

Orthoclase feldspar

57
Q

Hardness scale seven

A

Quartz

58
Q

Hardness scale eight

A

Topaz

59
Q

Hardness scale nine

A

Corundum

60
Q

Fingernail

A

Hardness 2.5

61
Q

Wire nail

A

Hardness 4.5

62
Q

Glass, masonry nail, knife blade

A

Hardness 5.5

63
Q

Streak plate

A

Hardness 6.5

64
Q

Striations

A

Straight hairline grooves on the cleavage services of Crystal faces

65
Q

Magnetism

A

Magnetic minerals are attracted to a magnet. Such as magnetite

Earth Science (6 decks)

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