Minerals and Power Resources Flashcards
Mineral
a naturally occurring substance which has a definite chemical composition is a mineral. Minerals are formed under varying geological environments and conditions
places where minerals aren’t easily accessible
arctic ocean bed and antarctica
classification of minerals
Minerals are classified into metallic and non-metallic. Metallic minerals are further classified into ferrous and non-ferrous.
What are ferrous minerals and non-ferrous minerals
iron ore, manganese and chromites which contain iron are minerals which are ferrous. Metallic minerals which don’t contain iron are minerals which are non-ferrous, examples are limestone, mica, gypsum, coal, petroleum
How are minerals extracted?
Minerals are extracted by quarrying, mining, or drilling. deep bores known as shafts are made to drill deep into the earth to obtain rich minerals
Where are metallic minerals generally found?
generally metallic minerals are found in igneous and metamorphic rocks
examples of minerals found in igneous and metamorphic rocks
iron ore in Sweden, Copper and nickel depositions in Ontario, Chromites and Platinum in South Africa
Mineral fuels like coal and petroleum are found in the ______ strata.
sedimentary
which countries are mineral deposits of copper, lead, zinc, manganese, and nickel found in
Eastern Europe and European Russia
The Three Zones of mineral deposits in North America
The Canadian Region, The Appalachian region, and the mountain ranges of the west
Where is mineral oil found?
Venezeula, Argentina, Chile, Peru, and Columbia
how long does it take for the formation and concentration of minerals to take place?
it can take up to a thousand years, in some cases, millions. And the rate of formation of these minerals is much smaller than the rate of consumption by humans
conventional resources
conventional sources of energy are resources which have been in use for a long time.
How much energy in our country’s villages comes from firewood
50% of energy from villages in our country comes from firewood.
Main sources of conventional energy in our country
fossil fuels like natural gas, coal, and petoleum
Clean energy resource which can support the switch from polluting resources such as coal and petroleum to clean energy resources
Natural gas
Unconventional resources
Renewable resources like Solar energy, wind energy, hydro-energy, etc.
Solar energy
Energy from the sun which is trapped in solar cells to generate electricity.
Where are windfarms found
Netherlands, UK, Denmark, USA, and Spain have many windfarms and generate a lot of wind energy.
Nuclear Power
Energy stored in the nuclei of atoms of naturally occurring radioactive elements such as uranium and thorium.
Two naturally occurring radioactive elements
Uranium and thorium.
Geothermal energy
heat energy obtained from the earth is known as geothermal energy. Geothermal energy in the form of hot springs have been used in cooking, bathing, and heating for several years.
Hydel power
The power source from which energy is produced with tides or the natural flow of water.
Metals
Hard, lustrous substances which can conduct heat and electricity.
Uses of Minerals
- Minerals which are used for gems are usually hard. These are then
set in various styles for jewellery. - Copper is another metal used in everything from coins to pipes.
- Silicon, used in the computer industry is obtained from quartz.
- Aluminum obtained from its ore bauxite is used in automobiles and airplanes, bottling industry, buildings and even in kitchen cookware
What is ore?
Ore is any mineral from which you can extract metals easily.
Leading tin producers
China, Malaysia, Indonesia
China also has…
Lead, tungsten, antimony
Leading producer of iron-ore
Europe
Large iron ore deposits
Russia, Ukraine, Sweden, France
Minerals in Europe
Copper, lead, zinc, manganese, nickel
Canadian region
iron ore, nickel, gold, uranium
Appalachian region
coal
Mountain ranges
Copper, lead, gold, silver
largest producer of high-grade ore
Brazil
Leading producers of copper
Chile, Peru
Large production of tin in Europe
Brazil, Bolivia
Where can you find mineral oils in Europe?
Argentina, Chile, Peru
Minerals found in Europe
Zinc, bauxite, mica, diamond
World’s largest producer of diamonds, gold, platiinum
Africa
Where is Gold found in Africa
South Africa, Zimbabwe,
Minerals found in Africa
Copper, iron-ore, cobaly, uranium, bauxite
Largest producer of bauxite
Australia
Leading producers of gold, diamond, iron-ore
Australia
Deposits of gold in australia
Kalgoorlie, Toolgardi, western Australia
Where is coal found in Antarctica?
Transarctic mountains
Where is iron found in Antarctica?
Near the Prince Charles Mountains
Minerals in Antarctica
Iron ore, gold, silver
Coal producing areas in India:
Bokaro, Dhanbad
Petroleum in India
Assam, Bombay, Deltas of the Godavari and Krishna rivers
Deposits of uranium in India
Rajasthan, Jharkhand
Large geothermal power plants in the world
Phillipines, USA, New Zealand
Geothermal power plants in India
Himachal Pradesh and Ladakh
