minerals Flashcards
1
Q
Mineraloids
A
NO CRYSTAL STRUCTURE - AMORPHOUS
can be man-made (synthetic diamonds) or natural (coal, oil etc.)
2
Q
Minerals structure
A
CRYSTAL structure
3
Q
crystal shape reflects
A
arrangement of atoms
4
Q
75% of earths crust comprise
A
oxygen and silicon
5
Q
3 bonding types in minerals
A
ionic, covalent, metallic
6
Q
anion
A
negative
7
Q
cation
A
positive
8
Q
coordination number
A
number of anions around each cation in a crystal lattice
9
Q
unit cell
A
smallest arrangement of atoms which may be repeated regularly in 3d to form the crystal lattice
10
Q
mineral growth
A
- start as a seed
- grow out from centre
- outside new inside old
11
Q
IGNEOUS Minerals
A
- high temperature, melting
- free environement
- moderate to hard minerals
- good crystal shape
12
Q
METAMORPHIC Minerals
A
- moderate-high temp
- no melting
- low-high pressure
- moderate to hard minerals
- poor crystal shape
13
Q
GEOTHERMAL Minerals
A
- moderate temp
- low pressure
- soft, hydrous minerals
- good crystal shape
14
Q
WEATHERING Minerals
A
- low pressure and temp (Earth’s surface)
- minerals are soft, hydrous and have good crystal shape
15
Q
clays, low temp oxides and evaporates are formed through…
A
weathering
