Minerals

Question 1

Functions of water

Answer 1

Resistance to temp change 
Cooling 
Body fluid 
Ph
Chemical reactions

Question 2

Intake recommendations

Answer 2

Men -3.7 liters a day
Women- 2.7 liters a day
Pregnancy or lactation - 3.0-3.8 liters

Question 3

Characteristics of minerals

Answer 3

Inorganic
Not destroyed by light hear etc
Micronutrients
Involved in body structure and reg

Question 4

Hypertension

Answer 4

High blood pressure

Increases risk of illness

Question 5

Functions of sodium

Daily recommendations

Answer 5

Fluid balance
New impulse transmission

2300mg
Person older then 51 1500 mg

Question 6

Potassium

Functions

Answer 6

Muscle contraction
Nerve impulse transmission
Reg blood pressure

Question 7

Chloride
Function

Food source

Deficiency

Answer 7

Fluid imbalance
Stomach acid

Table salt

Excessive vomitting

Question 8

Calcium
Functions

Absorption

Balance

Answer 8

Bone structure 
Bone cells 
Muscle and metabolism 
Blood clotting 
Production of fibrin 
Nerve impulse transmission

Relatively inefficient

2500 mg/ day

Question 9

Phosphorous
Functions

Balance

Answer 9

Bone structure
Component of ATP Dna rna phospholipid

Too much and too little calcium can increase bone loss

Question 10

Magnesium
Functions

Balance

Answer 10

300 types of enzyme driven reaction

At risk of deficiency ; chronic diarrhea , poor diet , heavy alcohol use

Question 11

Sulfur

Answer 11

Primary a component of organic nutrients

Question 12

Trace minerals

Answer 12

Cofactors of enzymes
Components of hormones
Chemical reactions
Essential for growth and immune function

Question 13

Iron 
Functions 
Regulation 
Absorption 
Deficiency 
Toxic?

Answer 13

Oxygen transport
Cofactors for enzymes immune function and normal brain function

Enhance absorption with vitamin c
Rapid growth and blood expansion

Deficient- anemia
Toxic in children

Question 14

Zinc
Functions

Absorption
Deficient

Toxic

Answer 14

Cofactors for enzymes
Gene regulation immune health

Phytate inhibits absorption
Circulates bound to protein

Deficient? Uncommon but may occur in ppl with impaired absorption

Toxic? Cause of copper defiance

Question 15

Selenium 
Function 
Absorption 
Deficiency 
Toxicity

Answer 15

Part of antioxidant enzyme , thyroid metabolism and immune suction

Bound to a.a. Vitamins AC E enhance

Deficient ? Increase susceptibility to infection

Toxic? Brittle hair and nails

Question 16

Iodine
Functions
Deficient
Toxic

Answer 16

TH production
Enlarged thyroid if deficient
Cretinism - mental retardation

Goiter

Question 17

Copper 
Function 
Absorption 
Deficient? 
Toxic

Answer 17

Melanin , collagen and elastin production
Immune function
Antioxidant enzyme system

About 20-50% absorbs

Causes anemia and poor immune health

Relatively nontoxic

Question 18

Manganese
Function
Deficient
Toxic

Answer 18

Cartilage production
Antioxidant

May cause suboptimal mg status
Incidents due to air pollution

Question 19

Fluoride

Functions

Answer 19

Bone and tooth structure

Question 20

Chromium

Function

Answer 20

Glucose metabolism

Question 21

Molybdenum

Answer 21

Enzyme cofactors

Question 22

Water

Answer 22

Most essential

45-75% of body weight