Minerals Flashcards
Egyptian blue is a mixture of
Quarts, lime, calcium copper silicate
Kohl (black) is made from
soot + galena (lead sulfide)
Ochre (red, orange…) is made from
Iron oxides
What are three edible minerals?
Calcite, Halite, Sylvite
How many critical minerals are there for the US
17
A mineral reserve is
That portion (obviously known) that can be extracted economically today.
A mineral resource is
Total amount (known or unknown) that can be extracted form the earth
The chemical composition of Calcite is
CaC03
What is the earth mostly made up of?
hydrogen and helium
What is a mineral?
What are minerals used for?
Minerals are used for cosmetics, foods, industrial materials, household products, jewelry, etc.
Are there any edible minerals? What are their names and formulas?
Calcite (CaCO3)
Halite (NaCl)
Sylvite (KCl)
What are the names (and formulas, if applicable) of some useful rocks and the minerals from which their made? What are their uses?
Limestone (CaCO3) ; Road Gravel
Bauxite Ore (Al2O3.3H2O) ; Aluminum
Fluorite (CaF2) ; Sodium fluoride
Graphite (KC8) ; Bricks, batteries
Compare and contrast mineral reserves and resources. Is a measure of the volume of coal presently in the lithosphere of the Earth a resource or a reserve?
A mineral resource is the total amount that can be extracted from the Earth, and a mineral reserve is that portion that can be extracted economically today.
It is a resource, because it applies to ALL coal in the Earth.
What are some critical minerals for which the U.S. imports nearly 100% of its needs?
Bauxite, Columbium, Graphite, Manganese
What is the hierarchical order of the following – molecules, rocks, atoms, and minerals?
Atom>molecule>mineral>rock
How do rocks and minerals differ? In what ways are rocks and minerals similar?
Rocks are aggregates of 1 or more minerals and minerals are crystaline aggregates of 2 or more molecules. Rocks and minerals are both made up of atoms and molecules.
What rock is not made of any minerals?
None
Analogy
Rock is to mineral as ________ is to brick.
Brick wall
What are the internal layers of the Earth?
Crust, Mantle, Inner Core, Outer Core
What are the elements that comprise a majority of the Earth’s crust?
Iron, oxygen, silicon, and magnesium
What minerals make up the interior layers of the Earth?
Mantle - iron and magnesium
Core - iron nickel alloy
Which mineral is a major component of Earth’s mantle?
Silicate minerals
Name one or two examples and write its formula in each of the major silicate and non-silicate groups.
