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Minerals Flashcards

0
Q

Topaz

A

Nesosilicate

Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂

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1
Q

Staurolite

A

Nesosilicate

Fe²⁺₂Al₉O₆(SiO₄)₄(O,OH)₂

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2
Q

Andalusite

A

Nesosilicate
Al₂SiO₅
CN 5,6 (high T low P)

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3
Q

Sillimanite

A

Nesosilicate
Al₂SiO₅
CN 4,6 (low T low P)

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4
Q

Kyanite

A

Nesosilicate
Al₂SiO₅
CN 6 (high P)

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5
Q

What 3 minerals have the formula Al₂SiO₅ ?

A

Andalusite, sillimanite, kyanite

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6
Q

Olivine

A

(Mg,Fe)₂SiO₄

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7
Q

Garnet

A

Nesosilicate
X₃Y₂(SiO₄)₃
Where X is Mg Fe Mn Ca
Y is Al Fe Cr

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8
Q

Titanite

A

Nesosilicate

CaTiSiO₅

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9
Q

Zircon

A

Nesosilicate

ZrSiO₄

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10
Q

Allanite

A

Sorosilicate
A₂M₃(SiO₄)₃(OH)
Where A is Na Ca Ce Th Y La (often rare earth)
Where M is Mg Mn Al Fe³⁺

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11
Q

Piemontite

A

Sorosilicate, epidote group
Ca₂(Al,Mn³⁺,Fe³⁺)₃(SiO₄)(SiO₇)O(OH)
Monoclinic

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12
Q

Zoisite

A

Sorosilicate, epidote group
Ca₂Al₃(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)O(OH)
Orthorhombic

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13
Q

Clinoizoisite

A

Sorosilicate, epidote group
Ca₂Al₃(SiO4)(Si₂O₇)O(OH)
Monoclinic prismatic

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14
Q

Epidote

A

Sorosilicate
Ca₂(Al Fe)₃(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)O(OH) alt. Ca₂(Al Fe)₃(SiO₄)₃(OH)
Monoclinic

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15
Q

Vesuvianite

A

Sorosilicate
Ca₁₀Mg₂Al₄(SiO₄)₅(Si₂O₇)₂(OH)₄
Tetragonal

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16
Q

Cordierite

A

Cyclosilicate
(Mg Fe)₂Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈
Orthorhombic

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17
Q

Beryl

A

Cyclosilicate
Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆
Hexagonal

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18
Q

Tourmaline

A

Cyclosilicate
(Ca,Na)(Li,Mg,Al)(Al,Fe,Mn)6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4
(Borate group is identifier)
Trigonal

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19
Q

Spodumene

A

Inosilicate, pyroxene (single chain)
LiAlSi₂O₆
Monoclinic

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20
Q

Aegerine (aka acmite)

A

Inosilicate, pyroxene (single chain)
NaFeSi₂O₆
Monoclinic

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21
Q

Hedenbergite

A

Inosilicate, pyroxene (single chain)
CaFeSi₂O₆
Monoclinic

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22
Q

Jadeite

A

Inosilicate, pyroxene, single chain

NaAlSi2O6

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23
Q

Diopside

A

Inosilicate, pyroxene (single chain)
CaMgSi₂O₆
Monoclinic

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24
Q

Augite

A

Inosilicate, pyroxene (single chain)
(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)(Si,Al)₂O6
Monoclinic

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25
Q

Enstatite (hypersthene)

A

Inosilicate, pyroxene (single chain)
Enstatite MgSiO₃
Hypersthene (Mg,Fe)SiO3
Orthorhombic

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26
Q

Wollastonite

A

Inosilicate, pyroxenoid (single chain)
CaSiO₃
Triclinic

27
Q

Rhodonite

A

Inosilicate, pyroxenoid (single chain)
MnSiO₃
Triclinic

28
Q

Actinolite

A

Inosilicate, amphibole (double chain)
Ca₂(Mg,Fe)₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Monoclinic

29
Q

Tremolite

A

Inosilicate, amphibole (double chain)
Ca₂Mg₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Monoclinic

30
Q

Anthophyllite/ cummingtonite-grunerite

A

Inosilicate, amphibole (double chain)
(Mg,Fe)₇Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Orthorhombic
Anthophyllite is Mg₇ and grunerite is Fe₇ in the solid solution series. Both are monoclinic.

31
Q

Hornblende

A

Inosilicate, amphibole (double chain)
Ca₂(Mg,Fe,Al)₅(Al,Si)₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Monoclinic

32
Q

Arfvedsonite

A

Inosilicate, amphibole (double chain)
NaNa₂Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Monoclinic

33
Q

Riebeckite

A

Inosilicate, amphibole (double chain)
Na₂Fe²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Monoclinic

34
Q

Glaucophane

A

Inosilicate, amphibole (double chain)
Na₂(Mg₃Al₂)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Monoclinic

35
Q

Talc

A

Tectosilicate, phyllosilicate, clay group
Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Monoclinic

36
Q

Pyrophyllite

A

Tectosilicate, phyllosilicate, clay group
Al₂Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Monoclinic

37
Q

Chamosite

A

Tectosilicate, phyllosilicate
Fe²⁺₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈ iron rich end of solid solution with clinochlore
Monoclinic

38
Q

Clinochlore

A

Tectosilicate, phyllosilicate
Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈ - Mg rich end of solid solution with chamosite
Monoclinic

39
Q

Margarite

A

Tectosilicate, phyllosilicate, mica group
CaAl₂(Al₂Si₂)O₁₀(OH)₂
Monoclinic

40
Q

Fuchsite

A

Tectosilicate, phyllosilicate
K(Al,Cr)₂(AlSi₃)O₁₀(OH)₂
Monoclinic

41
Q

Paragonite

A

Tectosilicate, phyllosilicate
NaAl₂(AlSi₃)O₁₀(OH)₂
Monoclinic

42
Q

Muscovite

A

Tectosilicate, phyllosilicate, mica group
KAl₂(AlSi₃)O₁₀(OH)₂
Monoclinic

43
Q

Biotite (phlogopite)

A

Tectosilicate, phyllosilicate, mica group
K(Mg,Fe)₃(AlSi₃)O₁₀(OH)₂
Mg rich end member of solid solution
Monoclinic

44
Q

Biotite, (annite)

A

Tectosilicate, phyllosilicate, mica group
K(Mg,Fe)₃(AlSi₃)O₁₀(OH)₂
Fe rich end member of the solid solution
Monoclinic

45
Q

Serpentine

A

Tectosilicate, phyllosilicate
Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄
Monoclinic

46
Q

Sepiolite

A

Tectosilicate, phyllosilicate, clay group
Mg₄Si₆O₁₅(OH)₂•6H₂O
Orthorhombic

47
Q

Illite

A

Tectosilicate, phyllosilicate, clay group
(K,H₃O)(Al,Mg,Fe)₂(Si,Al)₄O₁₀[(OH₂,H₂O)]
Monoclinic

48
Q

Vermiculite

A

Tectosilicate, phyllosilicate, clay group

(Mg²⁺,Fe²⁺,Fe³⁺)₃(Al,Si)₄O₁₀•(OH)₂•4H₂O

49
Q

Montmorillonite

A

Tectosilicate, phyllosilicate, clay group
(Na,Ca).₃₃(Al,Mg)₂(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂•nH₂O
Monoclinic

50
Q

Kaolinite

A

Tectosilicate, phyllosilicate, clay group
Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄
Triclinic

51
Q

Plagioclase

A

Tectosilicate, feldspar group
Solid solution: NaAlSi₃O₈ albite to CaAl₂Si₂O₈ anorthite
Triclinic

52
Q

Albite

A

Tectosilicate, feldspar group
NaAlSi₃O₈
Triclinic

53
Q

Sanidine

A

Tectosilicate, feldspar group
K(AlSi₃O₈)
Monoclinic
Sanidine forms at high temps. Lower temp forms are orthoclase and microcline

54
Q

Jasper

A

Tectosilicate, quartz group

SiO₂ microscopically grained

55
Q

Chert

A

Tectosilicate, quartz group

SiO₂ microcrystalline

56
Q

Chalcedony

A

Tectosilicate, quartz group
SiO₂
Cryptocrystalline form, very fine intergrowths of quartz and moganite

57
Q

Quartz

A

Tectosilicate
SiO₂
Trigonal

58
Q

Pyrope

A

Mg3Al2(Si3O12)

nesosilicate, garnet

59
Q

Almandine

A

Fe3Al2(Si3O12)

nesosilicate, garnet

60
Q

Andradine

A

Ca3Fe2(Si3O12)

nesosilicate, garnet

61
Q

Spessartine

A

Mn3Al2(Si3O12)

nesosilicate, garnet

62
Q

Grossular

A

Ca3Al2(Si3O12)

nesosilicate, garnet

63
Q

Uvarovite

A

Ca3Cr2(Si3O12)

nesosilicate, garnet

64
Q

Chrysocolla

A

(Cu,Al)2 H2Si12O5 (OH)4 + nH2O

Mineralogy (3 decks)

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