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Geology Lab > Minerals > Flashcards

Minerals Flashcards

1
Q
A

Augite

Nonmetallic, dark-colored

Hardness: 5.5-6

Cleavage: two planes at nearly 90 degrees

Streak: White to gray

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2
Q
A

Biotite

Nonmetallic, dark colored

Hardness: 2.5-3

Cleavage: Perfect basal cleavage

Streak: White to gray

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3
Q
A

Cahalcopyrite

Metallic luster

Hardness: 3.5-4

Streak: Greenish black

Mined for copper

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3
Q
A

Chalcedony (chert/flint)

Nonmetallic, light-colored

Hardness: 7

Streak: White

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4
Q
A

Quartz (Crystal)

Nonmetallic, light-colored

Hardness: 7

Streak: White

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5
Q
A

Fluorite

Nonmetallic, light-colored

Hardness: 4

Cleavage: Perfect octahedral (4planes)

Streak: White

Allochromatic: occurs naturally in a variety of colors

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6
Q
A

Calcite

Nonmetallic, light colored

Hardness: 3

Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral

Streak: White to gray

Reacts with HCl

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7
Q
A

Garnet

Nonmetallic, dark-colored

Hardness: 7-7.5

Streak: White or shade of the mineral color

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8
Q
A

Goethite (Limonite)

Nonmetallic, dark-colored

Hardness: 1

Streak: brownish yellow to orange yellow

Mined for Iron

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9
Q
A

Graphite

Metalic Luster

Hardness: 1

Cleavage: Perfect basal

Streak: Black, such as a pencil

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10
Q
A

Gypsum (With Cleavage)

Nonmetallic, light-colored

Hardness: 2

Streak: White

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10
Q
A

Halite

Nonmetallic, light-colored

Hardness: 2.5

Cleavage: Perfect cubic

Streak: White

Salt taste

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11
Q
A

Hematite

Nonmetallic, dark-colored

Hardness: 5-6

Streak: Red

“Soft Iron Ore”, Mined for iron

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12
Q
A

Galena

Metallic luster

Hardness: 2.5

Cleavage: Perfect cubic

Streak: Lead gray

Mined for lead

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13
Q
A

Hornblende

Nonmetallic, dark-colored

Hardness: 5-6

Cleavage: Two planes with intersections at 56 and 124 degrees

Streak: White to gray

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15
Q
A

Kaolinite

Nonmetallic, light-colored

Hardness: 2.0-2.5

Streak: White

16
Q
A

Magnetite

Metalic Luster

Hardness: 5.5-6

Streak: Black

Strongly magnetic

17
Q
A

Quartz (Milky)

Nonmetallic, light-colored

Hardness: 7

Streak: White

19
Q
A

Muscovite

Nonmetallic, light colored

Hardness: 2.5-3.5

Cleavage: Perfect basal yielding thin flexible and elastic sheets

Streak: White

20
Q
A

Orthoclase (K-Feldspar)

Nonmetallic, light-colored

Hardness: 6

Cleavage: two planes at nearly 90 degrees

Streak: White

20
Q
A

Olivine

Hardness: 6.5-7

Streak: White to gray

22
Q
A

Plagioclase

Nonmetallic, light-colored

Hardness: 6-6.5

Cleavage: Two planes at nearly 90 degrees and shows striations

Streak: White

23
Q
A

Pyrite

Metalic Luster

Hardness: 6-6.5

Streak: Greenish or brownish black

Also known as fools gold

24
Q
A

Quartz (Smoky)

Nonmetallic, light-colored

Hardness: 7

Streak: White

25
Q
A

Sphalerite

Nonmetallic, dark-colored

Hardness: 3.5-4

Cleavage: Perfect in six directions (dodecahedral)

Streak: Brown to light yellow or white

Mined for zinc

26
Q
A

Talc (With Cleavage)

Nonmetallic, light-colored

Hardness: 1

Cleavage: Perfect basal

Streak: White

Geology Lab (3 decks)

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