minerals Flashcards
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color
appearance of light viewed within the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum (ROYGBIV)
streak
powdered state of a mineral when rubbed along a porcelain plate
luster
appearance of a mineral when light reflects off a minerals surface
hardness
a mineral´s ability to resist abrasion; metallic vs non metallic
moho hardness cale
ranges from 1 to 10
it is determined by comparing a hardness kit to an unknown mineral sample
cleavage
breakage along planes of weakness
rock
consists of one or more minerals
monomineralic
contains one mineral only
example of monomineralic rocks
limestone - calcite
marble - calcite
polymineralic
contains 2 or more minerals
examples of polymineralic rocks
basalt - microscopic crystals gabbro
granite - visible crystals
igneous
molten rock (liquid); Volcanic eruptions
melting and soilification
sedimentary
rock fragments cemented together
metamorphic
rocks pushed back into earth under high heat and pressure; form withn interior of mountains
solidification
for a liquid to change into a soild
magma
liquid rock below Earth´s surface
crystallization
liquid to soild (crystals) form interlocking crytals randomly arranged
how rocks are classified
by crystal size and texture
lava
liquid rock near/at/above earth´s surface
coarse -
fine -
glassy -
large crystals
small crystals
no crystals
felsic
light color and low density
mafic
dark color and high density
result of rate of cooling
fast =
slow =
small or tiny crystals form
large crystals form
Which metamorphic rock forms only by contact metamorphism?
Hornfels
