Minerals

Question 1

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means is called what?

Answer 1

An element

Question 2

There are more than how many known elements?

Answer 2

100

Question 3

How many elements occur naturally?

Answer 3

90

Question 4

The elements are organized by their properties in a table called what?

Answer 4

Periodic Table

Question 5

What type of elements are good conductors of heat and electricity?

Answer 5

Metals

Question 6

All elements are made up of what?

Answer 6

Atoms

Question 7

What are the 3 subatomic particles that make up an atom?

Answer 7

Protons, Neutrons, Electrons

Question 8

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is called what?

Answer 8

Atomic number

Question 9

Electrons occupy regions in the atom called what?

Answer 9

Energy levels

Question 10

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called what?

Answer 10

Isotopes

Question 11

A substance that consists of 2 or more elements that are chemically bonded together is known as what?

Answer 11

Compound

Question 12

The elements in a compound are held together by forces called what?

Answer 12

Chemical bonds

Question 13

The most reactive elements are found in what two groups on the periodic table?

Answer 13

Groups 1 & 17

Question 14

What are the 3 types of chemical bonds?

Answer 14

Ionic, Covalent, Metallic

Question 15

What is a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a crystalline structure called?

Answer 15

A mineral

Question 16

All minerals share these 5 characteristics:

Answer 16

1. Naturally Occurring
2. Solid Substance
3. Orderly Crystalline Structure
4. Definite Chemical Composition
5. Generally Considered Inorganic

Question 17

What are the 4 ways minerals form?

Answer 17

1. Crystallization from magma
2. Precipitation
3. Changes in pressure & temperature
4. Formation from hydrothermal solutions

Question 18

How many mineral groups are there?

Answer 18

4

Question 19

What are the 2 most abundant elements on the Earth’s surface?

Answer 19

Silicon & Oxygen

Question 19

If a mineral contains carbon, oxygen, and one more metallic element, then it belongs to which mineral group?

Answer 19

Carbonates

Question 20

Sulfates and sulfides are minerals that contain which element?

Answer 20

Sulfur

Question 21

Halides are minerals that contain what type of ion?

Answer 21

Halogen

Question 22

What is the color of a mineral in its powdered form called?

Answer 22

Streak

Question 23

What term is used to describe how light is reflected from the surface of a mineral?

Answer 23

Luster

Question 24

The Mohs scale ranges from what number to what number?

Answer 24

10 (hardest) to 1 (softest)

Question 25

Which number on the Mohs scale is the softest mineral?

Answer 25

1

Question 26

Which mineral is the hardest mineral based on the Mohs scale?

Answer 26

Diamond

Question 27

What is the uneven breakage of a mineral called?

Answer 27

Fracture

Question 28

What is the formula to solve for density?

Answer 28

Mass (m)
-​————- = Density (d)
Volume (v)

Question 29

What is a mineral’s streak?

Answer 29

Is the color of a mineral in its powdered form