MInerals

Question 1

Macro-minerals

Answer 1

The macrominerals are needed in large quantities
They are are calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, sulfur

Question 2

bioavailability

Answer 2

degree at which minerals can be absorbed

=>40% us high, <=10% is low

Question 3

Minerals

Answer 3

Minerals are non-living substances that help your body work properly and, in some cases, become part of body tissues, such as bone (calcium)
Minerals are micronutrients and are only needed by the body in small amounts
Canadians don’t consume enough magnesium, potassium and calcium in their diets.

Question 4

Micro-Minerals

Answer 4

The trace minerals are needed in small quantities
They are iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, selenium

Question 5

sodium

Answer 5

controls blood pressure
helps muscles and nerve function

table and sea salt
processed food with salt
naturally occurs in many foods

Question 6

calcium

Answer 6

builds bones and the teeth
used by blood vessels to transport blood
used by muscles and nerves

broccoli
legumes
milk
fish

Question 7

phosphorus

Answer 7

works with calcium to build bones and teeth

beef,poultry, pork
eggs
milk
fish

Question 8

magnesium

Answer 8

builds bones and teeth
functions nervous, muscular, and skeletal systems

fish
whole grain cereal
legumes

Question 9

potassium

Answer 9

maintains body fluid balance
helps with digestion and muscular function

milk
potatoes
dried fruit
beans

Question 10

sulfur

Answer 10

build and fix your DNA and protect your cells from damage that can lead to serious diseases

Turkey, beef, eggs, fish, and chicken
Nuts, seeds, grains, and legumes.

Question 11

chloride

Answer 11

component of hydrochloric acid secreted by stomach
maintains acidity of body
maintains proper water balance

processed foods with salt
rye, seaweed, olives, tomatoes

Question 12

iron

Answer 12

-an important part of hemoglobin which is needed in the blood to carry oxygen

-needed for oxygen transfer in the bloodstream

• anemia, weakness, fatigue, pale complexion, vomiting, abdominal pains, blue discoloration of skin, decreased zinc absorption, increased risk for heart disease

-can be found in animals such as beef, pork, poultry, fish
-plants: legumes, spinach, prunes, raisins, fortified flour, fortified pasta

Question 13

zinc

Answer 13

-helps in healing wounds
-maintains healthy hair, nails, and eyes
-is a component of insulin and enzymes

-stunts growth, slows healing of wounds, loss of hair and appetite, loss of sense of taste, nausea, vomiting, weakness, metallic taste in mouth

-beef, pork, poultry, grains, nuts, milk products, milk, and bread

Question 14

selenium

Answer 14

-needed in thyroid hormone production
-acts as an antioxidant

-anemia, muscle pain, hair and fingernail loss
-weakness
-”garlic” or “metallic” breath
-liver, pork, fish
-eggs
-whole grains
-nuts

Question 15

fluoride

Answer 15

-helps keep teeth and bones healthy

-tooth decay, dental disease -skeletal fluorosis (brittle bones, stiffness and pain in joints)
-dental fluorosis (mottled teeth-discoloration and flaking)

-fluoridated water
-tea
-shrimp
-bread

Question 16

iodine

Answer 16

-part of thyroid hormones that help control metabolism

-goiter (enlargement of the thyroid gland)
-thyroid disease
-cretinism (mental disabilities, hearing loss, failure to grow) in children
-decreased thyroid function/thyroid disease
-iodized salt

-seaweed/kelp
-seafood