Minerals

Question 1

Make up the rocks beneath your feet, the soil that supports plants and the deep rock of earth’s mantle

Answer 1

Minerals

Question 2

Term which identifies minerals as part of Earth’s natural processes

Answer 2

Naturally Occurring

Question 3

Means a substance is not a product of an organism but rather of Earth’s physical processes

Answer 3

Inorganic

Question 4

Have definite shape and volume

Answer 4

Homogeneous Solid

Question 5

Atoms are arranged in order of increasing pattern. Arranged in an orderly and repeating pattern

Answer 5

Crystalline Structure

Question 6

Represented by chemical formula

Answer 6

Chemical composition

Question 7

Mineral’s color may change depending on the surface

Answer 7

Color

Question 8

Color of mineral in powdered form

Answer 8

Streak

Question 9

Minerals’ resistance to scratching

Answer 9

Hardness

Question 10

Is used as a convenient way to help identify minerals.

Answer 10

Mohs Hardness Scale

Question 11

Mohs scale of Hardness from 1 to 10

Answer 11

Talc, Gypsum, Calcite, Fluorite, Apatite, Orthoclase, Quartz, Topaz, Corundum, Diamond

Question 12

Mineral’s resistance to being broken and fracture

Answer 12

Cleavage

Question 13

Ability to allow light to pass through it. This is affected by chemical makeup of the mineral sample

Answer 13

Diaphaneity/Amount of Transparency

Question 14

How light is reflected off a surface

Answer 14

Luster

Question 15

Describes the minerals reaction to stress

Answer 15

Tenacity

Question 16

A mineral turns into powder

Answer 16

Brittleness

Question 17

A mineral can be flattened by pounding with a hammer

Answer 17

Malleability

Question 18

A mineral can be stretched into wire

Answer 18

Ductility

Question 19

Minerals are bent but they remain in the new position

Answer 19

Flexible but inelastic

Question 20

Minerals are bent, and they bring back to their original position

Answer 20

Flexible and elastic

Question 21

ability of minerals to be sliced by a knife

Answer 21

Sectility

Question 22

Who introduced the Mohs Hardness Scale

Answer 22

Friedrich Mohs

Question 23

Study of rocks

Answer 23

Petrology

Question 24

Are combined aggregation of minerals

Answer 24

Rocks

Question 25

Classification of rocks

Answer 25

Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic

Question 26

Depth of Earth

Answer 26

2,900 kilometers

Question 27

Is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of one or more minerals

Answer 27

Rock

Question 28

Classify rocks based on how they were formed

Answer 28

Petrologists

Question 29

Formed from hardening and crystallization of magma or molten material

Answer 29

Igneous

Question 30

Forms when magma makes its way to Earth's surface as lava and then cools. The crystals are very small since the cooling process is fast

Answer 30

Extrusive/Volcanic rock

Question 31

It cools slowly beneath the Earth surface and are created by magma. Have large crystals

Answer 31

Intrusive/Plutonic

Question 32

Refers to rock's mineral and chemical makeup

Answer 32

Composition

Question 33

Igneous rocks that are light in colors.

Answer 33

Felsic

Question 34

Dark-colored igneous rocks made up of magnesium, calcium, and iron

Answer 34

Mafic

Question 35

Refers to igneous rocks between mafic and felsic composition

Answer 35

Intermediate

Question 36

Denotes igneous rocks that composed chiefly of mafic minerals

Answer 36

Ultramafic

Question 37

Overall appearance of a rock based on the size, shape, and arrangement of interlocking mineral crystals

Answer 37

Texture

Question 38

Fine-grained rocks with crystals seen by aid of microscope

Answer 38

Aphanistic

Question 39

Coarse-grained rocks

Answer 39

Phaneritic

Question 40

Large crystals with small crystals

Answer 40

Porphyritic

Question 41

A rock that looks like colored glass with no visible mineral crystal

Answer 41

Glassy

Question 42

Results from explosive fragmentation of volcanic material

Answer 42

Pyroclastic

Question 43

Forms from preexisting rocks

Answer 43

Metamorphic

Question 44

transformation of one rock type into another

Answer 44

metamorphism

Question 45

Due to changes in pressure and temperature over large region of the crust

Answer 45

Regional

Question 46

The rock minerals and textures are changed mainly by head due to contact with magma

Answer 46

contact

Question 47

Any planar arrangement of mineral grains or structural features within the rock

Answer 47

Foliation

Question 48

Can be arranged in terms of increasing metamorphism and it appeared layered or banded with compressed mineral grains

Answer 48

Foliated rocks

Question 49

Usually made up of only few minerals

Answer 49

Non-foliated

Question 50

Provide information about surface conditions that existed in the Earth's past

Answer 50

Sedimentary rocks

Question 51

formed from accumulation of clasts

Answer 51

Classic sedimentary rock

Question 52

Formed when dissolved minerals precipitate from a solution

Answer 52

Chemical

Question 53

Rocks formed from the accumulation of animal debris

Answer 53

Organic