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Earth and Life Science Quiz bee huhu > Minerals > Flashcards

Minerals Flashcards

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1
Q

Make up the rocks beneath your feet, the soil that supports plants and the deep rock of earth’s mantle

A

Minerals

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2
Q

Term which identifies minerals as part of Earth’s natural processes

A

Naturally Occurring

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3
Q

Means a substance is not a product of an organism but rather of Earth’s physical processes

A

Inorganic

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4
Q

Have definite shape and volume

A

Homogeneous Solid

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5
Q

Atoms are arranged in order of increasing pattern. Arranged in an orderly and repeating pattern

A

Crystalline Structure

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6
Q

Represented by chemical formula

A

Chemical composition

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7
Q

Mineral’s color may change depending on the surface

A

Color

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8
Q

Color of mineral in powdered form

A

Streak

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9
Q

Minerals’ resistance to scratching

A

Hardness

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10
Q

Is used as a convenient way to help identify minerals.

A

Mohs Hardness Scale

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11
Q

Mohs scale of Hardness from 1 to 10

A

Talc, Gypsum, Calcite, Fluorite, Apatite, Orthoclase, Quartz, Topaz, Corundum, Diamond

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12
Q

Mineral’s resistance to being broken and fracture

A

Cleavage

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13
Q

Ability to allow light to pass through it. This is affected by chemical makeup of the mineral sample

A

Diaphaneity/Amount of Transparency

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14
Q

How light is reflected off a surface

A

Luster

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15
Q

Describes the minerals reaction to stress

A

Tenacity

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16
Q

A mineral turns into powder

A

Brittleness

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17
Q

A mineral can be flattened by pounding with a hammer

A

Malleability

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18
Q

A mineral can be stretched into wire

A

Ductility

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19
Q

Minerals are bent but they remain in the new position

A

Flexible but inelastic

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20
Q

Minerals are bent, and they bring back to their original position

A

Flexible and elastic

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21
Q

ability of minerals to be sliced by a knife

A

Sectility

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22
Q

Who introduced the Mohs Hardness Scale

A

Friedrich Mohs

23
Q

Study of rocks

A

Petrology

24
Q

Are combined aggregation of minerals

A

Rocks

25
Q

Classification of rocks

A

Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic

26
Q

Depth of Earth

A

2,900 kilometers

27
Q

Is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of one or more minerals

A

Rock

28
Q

Classify rocks based on how they were formed

A

Petrologists

29
Q

Formed from hardening and crystallization of magma or molten material

A

Igneous

30
Q

Forms when magma makes its way to Earth’s surface as lava and then cools. The crystals are very small since the cooling process is fast

A

Extrusive/Volcanic rock

31
Q

It cools slowly beneath the Earth surface and are created by magma. Have large crystals

A

Intrusive/Plutonic

32
Q

Refers to rock’s mineral and chemical makeup

A

Composition

33
Q

Igneous rocks that are light in colors.

A

Felsic

34
Q

Dark-colored igneous rocks made up of magnesium, calcium, and iron

A

Mafic

35
Q

Refers to igneous rocks between mafic and felsic composition

A

Intermediate

36
Q

Denotes igneous rocks that composed chiefly of mafic minerals

A

Ultramafic

37
Q

Overall appearance of a rock based on the size, shape, and arrangement of interlocking mineral crystals

A

Texture

38
Q

Fine-grained rocks with crystals seen by aid of microscope

A

Aphanistic

39
Q

Coarse-grained rocks

A

Phaneritic

40
Q

Large crystals with small crystals

A

Porphyritic

41
Q

A rock that looks like colored glass with no visible mineral crystal

A

Glassy

42
Q

Results from explosive fragmentation of volcanic material

A

Pyroclastic

43
Q

Forms from preexisting rocks

A

Metamorphic

44
Q

transformation of one rock type into another

A

metamorphism

45
Q

Due to changes in pressure and temperature over large region of the crust

A

Regional

46
Q

The rock minerals and textures are changed mainly by head due to contact with magma

A

contact

47
Q

Any planar arrangement of mineral grains or structural features within the rock

A

Foliation

48
Q

Can be arranged in terms of increasing metamorphism and it appeared layered or banded with compressed mineral grains

A

Foliated rocks

49
Q

Usually made up of only few minerals

A

Non-foliated

50
Q

Provide information about surface conditions that existed in the Earth’s past

A

Sedimentary rocks

51
Q

formed from accumulation of clasts

A

Classic sedimentary rock

52
Q

Formed when dissolved minerals precipitate from a solution

A

Chemical

53
Q

Rocks formed from the accumulation of animal debris

A

Organic

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