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Micronutrients > Minerals > Flashcards

Minerals Flashcards

1
Q

Calcium

sources

A

dairy products
green leafy veg
salmon and sardines

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1
Q

Calcium

sources

A

dairy products
green leafy veg
salmon and sardines

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2
Q

Calcium

function

A

formation and maintenance of bones and teeth
blood clotting
normal heart beat
hormone secretion

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3
Q

Calcium

Deficiency

A

osteoperosis
rickets

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4
Q

Phosphorus

sources

A

milk
cheese
meat
fish
poultry
eggs

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5
Q

Phosphorus

functions

A

healthy bones and teeth
keep composition of body fluids constant

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5
Q

Phosphorus

functions

A

healthy bones and teeth
keep composition of body fluids constant

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6
Q

Phophorus

deficiency

A

osteoperosis
rickets

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6
Q

Phophorus

deficiency

A

osteoperosis
rickets

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7
Q

Iron

sources

A

Animal (haem iron)
- red meat
- offal
- egg yolk
Plant (non-haem iron)
- cereals
- bread
- dried fruit
- vegetables

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8
Q

Iron

functions

A

forms RBCs (Haemoglobin) - transports oxygen throughout the whole body

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9
Q

Iron

Deficiency

A

Anemia

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10
Q

Iodine

Sources

A

iodised salt
sea fish
sea weed
sea food

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11
Q

Iodine

Functions

A

forms hormone thyroxine in the thyroid gland

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12
Q

Iodine

Deficiency

A

Cretinism
Goitre

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13
Q

Water

Function

A

eliminates waste products - urine
essential building material - forms every cell in the body
regulates body temp - keeps at 37 C
body processes need water to take place - digestion

14
Q

Water

deficiency

A

dehydration - vomiting, diarrhoe, increase temperature and physical activity
thirst
loss of mass
body temp rises
wrinkled skin

14
Q

Water

deficiency

A

dehydration - vomiting, diarrhoe, increase temperature and physical activity
thirst
loss of mass
body temp rises
wrinkled skin

15
Q

Water

excess

A

oedema - mineral loss

15
Q

Water

excess

A

oedema - mineral loss

16
Q

Zinc

sources

A

nuts
whole cereal grains
green leafy veg

17
Q

Zinc

function

A

forms enzymes involved in digestion
growth
reproduction - sexual maturation
blood clotting

18
Q

Zinc

Deficiency

A

poor memory and concentration
thining and dull hair
adrenal fatigue
excess hunger

19
Q

Sodium

sources

A

table salt
processed food

20
Q

Sodium

functions

A

maintain permeability of cell membranes
controls acid base balance of body fluids - blood
activates some enzymes
transports carbon dioxide in blood and conducts nerve impulses
prevents cramps

21
Q

Sodium

deficiency

A

muscle cramps
mental apathy
reduced appetite

22
Q

Sodium

excess

A

Hypertension (high blood pressure)

23
Q

Flouride

sources

A

tea
fish
toothpaste

24
Q

Flouride

functions

A

supports bone mineralisation
protects teeth against dental decay

25
Q

Flouride

deficiency

A

tooth decay

26
Q

Flouride

excess

A

mottling and crumbling teeth
changes to bones - fluorosis

27
Q

Magnesium

sources

A

whole grain seeds
nuts
spinach
chlorophyll in plants

28
Q

Magnesium

functions

A

energy transfer in cell and enzyme activity and muscle function
forms part of bones, teeth, soft tissue, muscle
found in blood & catalyses metabolic reactions
essential for protein synthesis

29
Q

Magnesium

deficiency

A

depression, irritability, fits, tiredness
heart attacks
alcoholics, post surgery patients

30
Q

Magnesium

excess

A

not absorbed

31
Q

Potassium

sources

A

all foods - except fats, sugars and oils
unprocessed foods more potassium than processed foods

32
Q

Potassium

functions

A

functioning cells
building of tissue
constituent of body fluids
proper functioning of heart muscle

33
Q

Potassium

deficiency

A

weakness
mental confusion
heart failure

34
Q

Potassium

excess

A

dangerous if kidneys not functioning properly

Micronutrients (2 decks)

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