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Environmental Science > Mineral resources > Flashcards

Mineral resources Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Cut-off grade?

A

The minimum percentage grade that is economic to mine

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2
Q

What is Grade?

A

The percentage of metal content in an ore

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3
Q

What is Metal ore?

A

A mineral that contains a compound of the metal

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4
Q

What are gangue minerals?

A

minerals that have no commercial value

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5
Q

What is Stock?

A

The amount of mineral in the entire lithosphere

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6
Q

What are Resources?

A

materials found in the earth that people need and value

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7
Q

What are Reserves?

A

The amount of mineral that is economically viable to extract

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8
Q

What is fractional crystallization?

A

the crystallization and removal of different minerals from the cooling magma

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9
Q

What is Metamorphic?

A

Rocks that undergo a physical change due to extreme heat and pressure

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10
Q

What is Batholith?

A

A mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust

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11
Q

What is Leachate?

A

water that has percolated through a solid and leached out some of the constituents.

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12
Q

What is the Lithosphere?

A

A rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust.

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13
Q

What is Turbidity?

A

A measure of how clear water is.

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14
Q

What is oxidation?

A

changes metal sulphide ores into sulphate ores

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15
Q

What is reduction?

A

changes metal sulphate ores back into sulphide ores

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16
Q

What is the water table?

A

The upper level of the saturated zone of groundwater

17
Q

What are Evaporites?

A

a natural salt or mineral deposit left after the evaporation of a body of water.

18
Q

What are Proterozoic marine sediments?

A

These include the iron oxide deposits produced by the reaction of dissolved iron minerals with the oxygen produced by photosynthesis. This occurred in the early Proterozoic era and delayed the build-up of oxygen in the atmosphere.

19
Q

What are Biological sediments?

A

chalk, limestone, coal, oil

20
Q

What are metamorphic rocks?

A

Made when heat, pressure, or fluids change one type of rock into another type of rock

21
Q

What is Phyto mining?

A

growing and/or harvesting plants and trees that grow in mineral rich areas then burning them and collecting the minerals from the ash

22
Q

What is bioleaching?

A

uses microorganisms and chemicals to extract minerals.

23
Q

What is a Magnetometer?

A

Used to carry out magnetic surveys

24
Q

What is a Gravimeter?

A

Used to carry out gravity surveys

25
Q

What is a Positive gravity anomaly?

A

Normally caused by dense intrusions

Environmental Science (6 decks)

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