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Mineralogy > Mineral Properties > Flashcards

Mineral Properties Flashcards

1
Q

Property: The common external morphology that a mineral assumes during an unobstructed growth wether isolated or in aggregates

A

HABIT

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2
Q

A habit that is diskette like or tablet crystal somewhat flattened in one direction

A

TABULAR

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3
Q

A habit that is pillar like or stubby like of an elongated crystal with well developed prism

A

PRISMATIC

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4
Q

a habit that is needle like and slightly thicker than fliform

A

ACICULAR

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5
Q

A hair like habit

A

CAPILLARY

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6
Q

A thin wire habit

A

FLIFORM

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7
Q

A habit that exhibits narrow bands of different colors as textures

A

BANDED

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8
Q

A crystal habit exhibiting a stout - column like individuals

A

COLUMNAR

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9
Q

Property: An assemblage of isolated habit of same crystals or multiple crystals closely adjacent to one another produces an assemblage of similar crystals

A

AGGREGATES HABITS

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10
Q

An aggregrate habit resembles somewhat bunches of grapes

A

BOTRYOIDAL

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11
Q

An aggregate habit of plates approximately parallel about a common center

A

CONCENTRIC

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12
Q

A crystal aggregate of separate from a thicker stem into several more slender ones, similar to branches which divide into smaller sheets

A

DENDRITIC

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13
Q

An aggregate where prismatic crystals are radiating from a center or common area

A

DIVERGENT

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14
Q

An aggregate where surfaced layers are covered with small crystals

A

DRUSY

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15
Q

An aggregate or groups of parallel slender thread-like strands; need not be easily separable.
Hefferan : Parallel arrangement of Acicular or fliform crystals

A

FIBROUS

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16
Q

An aggregate that separates easily into plates or leaves

A

FOLIATED

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17
Q

A common expression of aggregates with cavity line of small crystals

A

GEODE

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18
Q

An aggregates of large or small grains.

Hefferan: sub - equant macroscopic crystal aggregate a granular appearance.

A

GRANULAR

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19
Q

An aggregate of radiating individuals forming small spherical or hemispherical groups

A

GLOBULAR

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20
Q

An aggregate of rounded masses similar to the botryoidal form but the protuberances are more flattened

A

MAMILLARY

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21
Q

Compact crystalline aggregates with no regular forms.

Hefferan: Aggregate of very small with a fine-grained appearance.

A

MASSIVE

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22
Q

An aggregate of splitting readily into exceedingly thin plates or sheets

A

MICACEOUS

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23
Q

aggregate of small sphere the size of fish roe

Hefferan: spherical, concentrically layered, sand sized (<2mm)

A

OOLITIC

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24
Q

small globular aggregates about the size of peas or in round concretionary grains

Hefferan: spherical, concentrically layered, gravel sized aggregates

A

PISOLITIC

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25
Q

An aggregate of rounded grape- like or kidney-shaped masses

A

RENIFORM

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26
Q

An aggregate of lattice-like or network arrangement of slender columnar or threads.

Hefferan: Lattice work of tabular to bladed crystals

A

RETICULATED

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27
Q

An aggregate of grains having the size of granulated sugar grains

A

Saccharoidal

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28
Q

An aggregateresembling pendant cylinders or cones

A

STALACTITIC

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29
Q

An aggregate forming a radiating individuals forming star-like or circular groups

A

STELLATED

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30
Q

Property of a mineral surface which results from the manner it reflects the incident light

A

Luster

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31
Q

Luster: dazzling luster recognizable even at a considerable distance connected with smooth and generally even surface

A

Splendent

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32
Q

Luster: distinctly observed only on closer observation and is generally related to an uneven sample

A

Shining

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33
Q

Luster: feebly appearing luster even within a short distance

A

Weakly Shining

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34
Q

Luster: when only a feeble light is reflected by some of the minute aggregated parts constituting the surface

A

Glimmering

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35
Q

Luster: surface does not reflect any light

A

Dull

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36
Q

Luster: bright reflectance of a metallic surface

A

Metallic Luster

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37
Q

Luster: duller reflectance observed when most of the light passes into the mineral and only a small portion of the incident light is reflected from the surface

A

Non Metallic

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38
Q

Luster: piece of broken glass

A

Vitreous or glassy luster

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39
Q

Luster: Brilliant or almost Oily

A

Adamantine or the luster of diamond

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40
Q

luster: lusterof a piece of resin, greasy luster

A

Resinous or waxy

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41
Q

Luster: common when a mineral has a very perfect cleavage and hence partially separated into thin plates

A

Pearly

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42
Q

luster: characteristic of some minerals in fibrous aggregates

A

Silky, the luster of a skin of silk or a piece of satin

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43
Q

Relative ability of minerals to allow light to pass through them

A

Diaphaneity

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44
Q

Diaphaneity: when all objects may be distinctly recognized through a large or small pieces of it.

A

Transparent

45
Q

Diaphaneity: when a blurred image of the object can be seen through a thin small piece of it.

A

Semitransparent

46
Q

Diaphaneity: where no object can be perceived through it but light is transmitted only through the edges of a large piece or through a small piece.
If the mineral shines through the extremities or edges when held against the light, it is said to be translucent at the edge.

A

Translucent

47
Q

Diaphaneity: when no perceptible degree of light is transmitted even through the thinnest piece.

A

Opaque

48
Q

ratio of velocity of light in air and its lesser velocity
in the dense medium
When light passes form one medium into another of greater refractive index, it is reflected, that is bent toward the normal, to the surface.
The greater the bending, the higher the refractive index

A

Refractive index

49
Q

The effect produced by the combination of wavelengths of light incident on the surface of the mineral reaching the observer’s eyes

A

Color

50
Q

a play of colors or colored reflections exhibited especially

by labradorite and caused by internal structures that selectively reflect only certain colors

A

LABRADORESCENCE (SCHILLER EFFECT)

51
Q

Colors: transition elements

- V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu

A

Chromophores

52
Q

exhibits internally the various prismatic colors when the mineral is turned

A

Play of Colors

53
Q

appearance of different colors when an crystal is viewed in transmitted light in different directions

A

Pleiochroism

54
Q

two directions have distinct colors

A

Dichroism

55
Q

pearly reflection from the interior of a mineral, like the effect of a glass of water to which a few drops of milk have been added

A

Opalescence

56
Q

shows a series of colors due to light undergoing reflective interferences with itself either on the surface or in the interior.

A

Iridiscence

57
Q

band of light moves from side to side as in a cat’s eye

A

chayotancy

58
Q

Colors: six-pointed star, formed by a beam of light at right angles to each set of inclusions

A

Asterisms

59
Q

on exposure to ultraviolet light, a mineral emits visible

light

A

Flourescence

60
Q

some fluorescent minerals will continue to glow after the ultraviolet light has been turned off

A

Phosphorescence

61
Q

some minerals when heated below red heat will emit visible light

A

Thermoluminescence

62
Q

some minerals when rubbed or struck with a hammer will emit light
ex. Milky quartz rubbed against each other

A

Triboluminscence

63
Q

Color of the powder of the mineral

A

streak

64
Q

A marked tendency to break or split easily in certain well-defined directions yielding more or less smooth surfaces which are parallel to the crystal faces or possible crystal system
Crystal surface should also be categorized as well or poorly developed depending on the ease and neatness on the way cleavage planes cleave or separate.

A

Cleavage

65
Q

A plane of structural weakness in a mineral

A

PARTING

66
Q

The appearance of the surface of a mineral when it does not break along cleavage planes

A

Fracture

67
Q

Fracture: if the surface is not interrupted by many noticeable protuberances but with few small scales

A

Scaly

68
Q

Fracture: – if the surface has no protuberances or very few indeterminate and mostly flat ones

A

Even

69
Q

Fracture: if the surface consists of flat rounded protuberances accompanied by circular grooves as in clam shells.

A

Conchoidal

70
Q

Fracture: also angular or irregular) – if the surface is entirely interrupted by angular large and small protuberances

A

Uneven

71
Q

Fracture: if surface is jagged and with sharp edge

A

Hackly

72
Q

Fracture: certain larger parts resembling fibers can be

distinguished on the surface as in wood

A

Fibrous

73
Q

Fracture: if surface is made up of parts resembling planes with length and breadth nearly equal (folia)

A

Foliated

74
Q

Hardness: hardness of Fingernail

A

2.5

75
Q

Hardness: Hardness of copper penny

A

3.5

76
Q

Hardness: hardness of glass or knife blade

A

5.5

77
Q

A number which expresses the ratio between the weight of the mineral and the weight of an equal volume of water at 4
degrees Celsius

A

Specific gravity

78
Q

crystallography controlled intergrowths of 2 or more crystals of the same mineral

A

Twinning

79
Q

whether there is a center, a plane, or an axis of twinning and gives the crystallographic orientation for the twin axis or plane

A

Twin law

80
Q

an imaginary axis about which the crystals can be rotated to bring into coincidence with the other.

A

Twin Axis

81
Q

is a point about which the crystal may be inverted to bring into coincidence with the other.

A

Twin Center

82
Q

is a mirror plane reflecting the image of one crystal across it.

A

Twin plane

83
Q

a surface or plane on which the two individuals are united

A

Composition Surface

84
Q

Fizzling sound heard, combined with bubbling seen where a carbonate mineral reacts with an acid.

A

Effervescence

85
Q

can be flattened

A

Tenacity

86
Q

can be changed in shape by pressure; capable of being drawn into the form of a wire

A

Ductility

87
Q

can be cut by a knife

A

Sectility

88
Q

separates into fragments

A

Brittleness

89
Q

capable of being bent or pulled out of shape

A

Elasticity

90
Q

bend easily and stays bent after the pressured is removed

A

Flexibility

91
Q

property of a mineral to be attracted to a hand magnet

A

Magnetism

92
Q

strongly attached

A

Ferromagnetism

93
Q

slightly attracted

A

Paramagnetic

94
Q

not attracted

A

Diamagnetic

95
Q

mineral that lack the presence of a transition metal or other magnetic ions

A

Diamagnetic

96
Q

magnetic ions in a mineral have a completely random orientation

A

Paramagnetic

97
Q

natural tendency for pairs of magnetic ions to align in opposite directions so that there is spin paring between adjacent magnetic ions

A

Antiferromagnetism

98
Q

there is an excess of magnetic ions aligned in one particular direction.

A

Ferrimagnetism ( found in magnetite and pyrrhotite)

99
Q

there is an excess of magnetic ions aligned in one particular direction.

A

Piezoelectricity

100
Q

induced by heating crystals lacking a symmetric center.

A

Pyroelectricity

101
Q

taste of common salt

A

Saline

102
Q

soda

A

Alkaline

103
Q

Epsom Salt

A

Bitter

104
Q

Acid

A

Sour

105
Q

Iron Vitriol

A

Astringent

106
Q

Alum

A

Sweetish Astringent

107
Q

Saltpeter

A

Cooling

108
Q

Garlic odor

A

Arsenopyrite

109
Q

Fetid odor or odor of rotten eggs

A

due to the presence of surface ex. Some varieties of limestone, barite, quartz

Mineralogy (9 decks)

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