Mine Rescue Flashcards
How many Provinces does the Mine Rescue manual cover?
4, B.C., Yukon, N.W.T and Nunavut (Foreword)
Who was the BC Chief Inspector at the time of the manual revision?
Al Hoffman (Foreword)
Frequent additional training/instruction should be given_______ to ensure-crew and equipment can respond.
In an irrespirable atmosphere (1-2)
What is the last fundamental principal of mine rescue?
Rehabilitation of the affected work area and salvage of equipment. (1-2)
What 3 things cause the most dangerous occurrences?
Fire, Machinery and Electricity. (1-2)
The Mine Rescue manual was compiled by two people, who?
Mike Barber and Haley Kuppers. (1-3)
Surface team members should use ______ as a secondary means of communication.
Whistle signals. (2-5)
With the standard code of signals, three whistles would signal what?
Distress. (2-5)
Hazard assessment involves identifying and evaluating hazards that may be encountered during the rescue operation. These include:
(2-6)
-Fire
-Hazardous atmosphere (chemicals, toxic gases, oxygen displacement)
-Energy sources
-Physical (structure, traffic, topography)
-Biological
-Environmental
-Evaluate all influencing factors
After a critical incident, when should a critical incident stress debriefing be conducted?
Immediately at the end of an incident. (2-8)
What does CISD stand for?
Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (2-8)
The resonance wave can affect the strength of the ice, potentially resulting in a ?
Blow out or Ice failure. (3-4)
Using Golds formula. How many KGs can an ice thickness of 100mm hold?
400 KG (3-5)
M=4 x h squared
Where M is the mass of the vehicle (kg) and h is the thickness of the ice (cm)
Using Golds formula. How many KGs can an ice thickness of 85cm hold?
28,900KG (3-5)
M=4 x h squared
Where M is the mass of the vehicle (kg) and h is the thickness of the ice (cm)
What does Thermal Stress refer to?
Physiological reaction to adverse temperatures. (3-6)
Hypothermia and water immersion. If the water temperature is 1-5 C, what is the expected survival time?
30-90 minutes. (3-6)
At which core body temperature will violent shivering persist, difficulty speaking, sluggish thinking, amnesia start to appear, gross muscle movements sluggish, unable to use hands, stumble frequently, difficulty speaking, signs of depression and become withdrawn?
33.9C - 32.2C. Moderate Hypothermia (3-6)
In Severe Hypothermia, the bodies core temperature is between?
32.2C-23.9C. (3-6)
Canadian Electrical Code’s Safe Limits of Approach, minimum distance if live power is 150-250kV?
4.5M or 15ft (4-3)
Electricity always seeks the path of least resistance to ground, electrical systems use conductive grounding rods to ensure that any stray current is returned to earth safely. These rods are typically driven how many M(ft)?
2.5M or 8ft (4-3)
17mA-99mA. The probable effect on the human body is?
Extreme pain, respiratory arrest. (4-5)
It is the current________ that kills or injures. But the voltage, which pushes the current through the body, also has an important effect . (4-5)
Amperage
One PPM is the same as? (5-2)
1 metre step in 1,000 kilometers. 1 millilitre per 1,000 litres of liquid . 1 square centimetre in 100 square metres. 1 cent in 10,000 dollars
Threshold Limit Value - Short Term Exposure Limit (TLV-STEL) is the concentration to which workers can be exposed for a short period of time without suffering from? (5-3)
Materially reduce work efficiency and irreversible tissue damage
The pH scale is a means of measuring a substance’s acidity or alkalinity. The scale is broken down into how many degrees? (5-4)
14
What requirements and site-specific procedures dictate special precautions required for any gases to be stored or transported in pressurized containers? (5-4)
Regulatory
Except in the case of fire, adequate positive ventilating currents will prevent any dangerous accumulation of these gases. Gases may affect people either by their combustible, explosive or toxic properties, or, if inert, by the displacement of oxygen. The effects may be due to a variety of conditions including? (5-5)
Altitude, Humidity, Temperature
What is the explosive range of Methylacetylene, Propadience, Propylene, Propane? (5-14)
1.8% - 11.7%
Physiological Effects of Nitrogen Dioxide. At what PPM will it be dangerous for even short exposure? (5-17)
100-150 PPM
Rescue tools can be organized into how many different general categories? (6-2)
Two
_________ tools are used to assemble and disassemble. (6-3)
Rotating
Use the tool only for the _____ for which it is designed. (6-3)
Tasks
This is a design applied to electrical equipment and wiring for hazardous locations? (7-2)
Intrinsic Safety
Colorimetric (Tube-style) are only accurate within? (7-3)
+/- 20%
Electrochemical toxic gas sensors have a typical Life Span of ? (7-5)
1-4 Years (depending on the type)
Calibration Gases are certified and traceable mixtures of gas concentration. Calibration gas cylinders are identified by what three things? (7-6)
Gases and Concentrations, Part Number, Expiration Date
Respiratory protective equipment : True or False. Negative pressure systems internal pressure is higher then the external pressure ? (8-3)
False
In the W65 Self Rescuer. The Hopcalite is not consumed in the reaction as it is a ? (8-4)
Catalyst
The W65 protects the wearer against _______ CO for one hour? (8-4)
1% or 10,000 PPM
The Drager - PSS BG4 is rated up to how many hours? (8-7)
4 Hours
What are the 4 major components of the SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (SCBA) ( Open Circuit, Self-Contained, Positive Pressure)? (8-8)
Backpack assembly, Regulator, Face-piece, Air cylinder
Pressure Regulators Reduces the pressure of oxygen delivered from the cylinder to between what PSI ? (9-5)
40-70 PSI
There are several models of delivery masks available. Delivery tubes are included with the masks. All but this mask requires more extensive training ?(9-5)
One-time-use simple mask
All casualties requiring oxygen therapy should receive oxygen at a constant flow rate of 10 litres per minute unless? (9-8)
Travel time will deplete the supply
The rescuer administrating the oxygen must ensure the oxygen supply will last for the duration of the casualty care. For example, to quickly approximate the duration for a D cylinder (400L) based on the flow rate used:
-Divide cylinder pressure (psi) by 100.
-Multiply by ___ for a 6l flow? (9-8)
3
Using the Oxygen Cylinder Duration Rule of Thumb Calculations. How long will a D size O2 cylinder with 750 psi at a 10 liter flow approximately last? (9-8)
15 minutes
______ have physical properties that increase both the difficulty of extinguishment and the hazards to personnel. (10-4)
liquid fuels
Is Hydrogen Peroxide an oxidizing agent? 10-5?
Yes
This is the most common source of heat energy in combustion. (10-7)
Chemical heat energy
What is the color coding for K type fire ? (10-9)
Black
Which phase of fire includes a process known as thermal layering? (10-10)
Growth phase
What is the first sign of impending backdraft? (10-12)
Little or no visible flame
An 8A 80BC extinguisher contains agents equivalent to how many liters of water? (10-13)
37.6L or 10 U.S. Gallons
What is the listed limitation for wet agent extinguishing agent? (10-16)
Only for K type fires
Define NPV: (10-17)
Negative Pressure Ventilation
_____ designed to be flexible enough to grip rope. A rescuer should be able to squeeze cordage together between two fingers . (11-7)
Prusik Rope or Cordage
This is the ability to withstand force that is applied slowly to the point of failure ? ( 11-5)
Tensile Strength
General-use Life Safety Rope has a minimum breaking strength of? (11-6)
8892 lbf (40kN)
Force: Something that causes or restrains motion. The formula for calculating force is? (11-6)
F=M(A)
NFPA 1983 ( General use),Standard on life safety rope and equipment for emergency services states personal escape rope has a minimum breaking strength of ? (11-6)
3034 lbf (13.5kN)
Accessory Cord is any narrow diameter rope made from nylon,polyster, _________,kevlar or combination thereof. (11-8)
Spectra
Pulleys are used to change the direction of a pull on a rope. Some pulleys are rated for single-person rescue only. The NFPA General Use minimum breaking strength is ? (11-9)
36 kN (8,093 lbf)
For rope rescue , use the 4:1 pulley-to-rope ratio, meaning that the pulley size (also known as the “______ ______”) is four times the diameter of the rope. (11-9)
Tread diameter
This is for anchor systems , it makes an excellent collection point and allow rescuers to set up their systems quickly and cleanly ? (11-11)
Anchor Plate
What is the second step to structural entry? ( 13-3)
Identify hazards (check doors, windows for heat, smoke,signage, contents)
True or False. Primary searches and secondary searches both follow a systematic search pattern. For example, the left- or right- handed search. (13-3)
True
The Primary Search is a rapid, systematic search of the following. (13-4)
1-Most severely threatened area
2-Area with largest number of casualties
3-Remainder of hazard zone
4-Extension exposures
Locating, retrieving, and tending to casualties is the second fundamental principal of mine rescue operations. there are three types of casualties. What is the third type of casualty?
Casualties trapped , unconscious, or otherwise unable to leave the hazard area
*Rescuers will prioritize according to primary search principles
Rescuers should never place themselves in a pinch point or danger zone while stabilizing. They must also be aware of ? (13-5)
Air Bags
(pg 1-2) Identify the four fundamental principles of mine rescue
*safety of self and team
*endeavour to treat rescue casualties
*protect mine property from further damage
*rehabilitation of area and equipment
(pg 1-3) A mine rescue candidate must be clean-shaven, with no facial hair to interfere with the seal on the breathing apparatus. True or False
True
(pg 2-2) What is the process that allows for command, control and coordination during an emergency response?
ICS - Incident Command System
(pg 2-2) Identify this person, a competent leader, who has the confidence and respect of the team members ,in good physical and mental condition, experienced in every aspect of the emergency response.
Captain
(pg 5-3) The concentration that should not be exceeded during any part of the working exposure is:
TLV-C
(pg 5-7) The explosive range for Ammonia is ?
16-25%
(pg 5-9) Carbon monoxide reduces the capacity for carrying oxygen to the tissues this much ?
300 times
(pg 5-12) The following gas is a colourless, tasteless gas with a distinctive odour of bitter almonds?
Hydrogen Cyanide
(pg 5-22) Chlorine has a relative weight of 2.49? True or False
True
(pg 5-22) What is the normal make-up of air at sea level ?
78.09% nitrogen, 20.94% oxygen, 0.03% carbon dioxide, 0.94% argon and other trace gases
(pg 7-3, 7-4) Name the two types of gas detectors commonly used in mines
*Colouriometric ( Tube style)
*Electronic
(pg 7-3) A tube style gas detector is accurate to within?
+/- 20%
(pg 7-5) What is the “bump test” on an electronic gas detector used for?
Exposing controlled gas to sensor, to confirm proper function
(pg 6-2) Name the three main power sources for power tools?
*Pneumatic
*Electric
*Hydraulic
(pg 5-22) COT is an acronym used for describing a gas. What does it stand for ?
Colourless, odourless, tasteless
(pg 5-22) This gas has an explosive range of 5-15% and a relative weight of 0.55. What is it?
Methane
(pg 5-22) What is he explosive range for propane ?
2.4 - 9.5%
(pg5-22) What does LEL stand for and describe what it is ?
Lower Explosive Limit.
The lowest concentration percent of gas that will explode
(pg 8-3) In a self-contained closed circuit breathing apparatus, exhaled air is released into the surrounding environment ? True or False
False
(pg 8-8) name the four major components of a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA)
B - Back Pack
A - Air Cylinder
R - Regulator (x2)
F - Face Mask
(pg 10-9) Match the following fire descriptiona to the lettered classification
1-Fires involving combustible metals
2-Ordinary combustibles such as wood, paper and cloth
3-Fires usually in commercial kitchens with vegetables and animal oils
4-Flammable liquids suchas gasoline and kerosene
5-Fires involving energized electrical equipment
(D) Fires involving combustible metals
(A) Ordinary combustibles such as wood, paper and cloth
(K) Fires usually in commercial kitchens with vegetables and animal oils
(B) Flammable liquids suchas gasoline and kerosene
(C) Fires involving energized electrical equipment
(pg 10-8) Name the three different methods that heat can travel throughout a burning building
Conduction, convection, radiation
(pg 10-11) This occurs when the surfaces and contents involved in the fire have been heated and gases given off by pyrolysis have ignited?
Flashover
(pg 4-4) The ground gradient or voltage drop creates two problems. what are they ?
*step potential
*touch potential
(pg 10-16) A carbon dioxide fire extinguisher can be used on what class of fire?
B&C
The second fundamental of mine rescue is to rescue and provide aid to casualties involved in an emergency . What are the three types of casualties?
*Able to rescue - Already outside of hazard area
*Trapped
*Attempting to exit
(pg 13-4) A thorough, systematic search that ensures the entire structure is free of casualties and hazards is known as ?
Secondary search
(pg 3-3) If it is necessary to cross a narrow avalanche track, all people should cross at the same time as a group. True or False
False
(pg 3-6) __________ is a condition of lowered internal body-core temperature
Hypothermia
(pg 4-4) If a rescuer finds themselves within a ground gradient , they may safely exit by hopping or shuffling with their feet together until they are out of the affected area. True or False
True
(pg 4-3) Materials of low resistance that conduct electricity in large amounts are known as ?
Conductors
(pg 5-2) What is the concentration of a substance a worker can be exposed to for a normal eight-hour work day and a 40-hour workweek, to which nearly all workers will not experience adverse health effects?
TLV-TWA
(pg 5-22) The relative weight of hydrogen is ?
0.07
(pg 6-4) Scaling bars, K tools, halligans, rock spiltters, and claw bars are known as?
Prying and spreading tools
(pg 7-2) Electromagnetic fields, humidity, atmospheric pressure/altitude, low temperatures and high concentrations can cause interference with gas detection equipment ? True or False
True
(pg 7-2) name the four categories of hazardous atmospheres ?
*Explosive
*Smoke ( particulate )
*Smoke ( toxic )
*Oxygen Deficient
(pg 8-3) In a self-contained closed circuit breathing apparatus, exhaled air is released into the surrounding environment? True or False
False
(pg 8-8) Name the four major components of a self-contained breathing apparatus?
*Backpack
*Air Cylinder
*Regulator
*Face Mask
(pg 9-2) Oxygen under high pressure can dangerously lower the flash points and ignition temperatures of petroleum products? True or False
True
(pg 9-3) The condition that affects the supply , exchange or transport of oxygen between the atmosphere and the body’s cells results in ___________.
Hypoxia
(pg 10-16) A carbon dioxide fire extinguisher can be used for what class of fire?
B&C
(pg 11-8) Metal connectors that link the elements of a rescue system together are known as ?
Carabiners
(pg 11-14) What is the best way to tie two ropes of unequal diameter together?
Double sheet bend
(pg 11-47) When calculating the mechanical advantage for a pulley system, how much force can the average mine rescuer pull to help you out in determining the mechanical advantage to use
23 kg (55 lbs)
(pg 11-49) What is used to release a load when safety belay prusik is jammed?
Radium release hitch
(pg 11-51) When a rescuer descends a rope by rappelling , a safety belay line must be used for angles greater than ?
Low angle
(pg 13-5) The second fundamental of mine rescue is to rescue and provide aid to casualties involved in an emergency. What are the three types of casualties?
*Outside of hazard
*Trapped by hazard , unconscious
*Attempting to exit hazard
(pg 13-4) A thorough, systematic search that ensures the entire structure is free of casualties and hazards is known as ?
Secondary search
(pg 1-2) List 3 of the 7 responsibilities of a mine rescue trainer .
recording dates , times , training material, and equipment used during training sessions
(pg 1-2) Place the mine rescue fundamental principles in order of importance.
1) Ensuring the safety of self and rescue team
2) Endeavouring to rescue or ensuring the safety of trapped or injured workers
3) Protection of mine property from further damage
4) Rehabilitation of the affected work area and salvages of equipment
(pg 2-5) Surface team members should all carry a whistle as a secondary means of communication . True or False
True
(pg 2-5) In terms of response and size up, when does the response begin?
Initial alert of the incident
(pg 2-5) At an incident scene, this will not be tolerated?
Freelancing
(pg 2-8) The acronym “CISD” stands for what? and when would this take place ?
Critical Incident Stress Debriefing, immediately at the end of the emergency response
(pg 5-3) The concentration that should not be exceeded during any part of the working exposure is?
TLV-C
(pg 5-7) The explosive range for Ammonia is ?
16-25%
(pg 5-9) Carbon monoxide reduces the capacity for carrying oxygen to the tissues this much?
300 times
What is the third fundamental principal of mine rescue? MRM 1-2
Protection of the mine property from further damage
Who should be instructed that, in the absence of higher authority , they must take charge, and act on matters requiring immediate attention? 1-3
All supervisory staff
The Basic Underground or Surface Mine rescue Certificates will be issued to candidates who successfully complete the training course. The candidates must attain a grade of ___ % upon examination to pass ? 1-3
70%
The sixth member of an underground team is the _______? 2-3
Co-ordinator
Large incidents may require assistance from other mines and emergency agencies. This collaboration is known as _________ and is a component of MERP. 2-3
Mutual Aid
A _____ ______ is an event that is outside the range of usual human experience and is psychologically traumatic to the person. 2-8
Critical Incident
A qualified ________ must be identified , consulted and lead the safe emergency response in an active avalanche situation. 3-2
Avalanche Safety Officer
As a vehicle travels on ice it creates a _______ wave in the underlying water. 3-4
Resonance
If the ice is 60cm thick what is the maximum allowable mass that it can support? 3-5
14400 kg
What is the expected survival time in water that is 15-20 degrees C ? 3-6
2-40 hours
What is one of the symptoms of Heat syncope? 3-9
1- Sudden fainting after at least two hours of work
2- Cool, moist skin
3-Weak pulse
What is the safe limit of approach on a power line carrying 750-150000 V ? 4-3
3 M
What are the probable effects of 6-16mA on the humane Body ? 4-5
Can’t let go
_______ refers to the dose of toxic substance that would be fatal for 50% of a test population. 5-3
Median Lethal dose
What is the pH of orange juice ? 5-4
3
C2H2 when combined with O2 creates a flame that is how hot? 5-6
3260 C
_____ is a flammable caustic gas with a strong and distinctive small detectable at concentrations of 1 to 50 ppm. 5-7
NH3 (Ammonia)
What would the symptoms on the human body be with 220 ppm of CO in the air ? 5-9
Dizziness, drowsiness, vomiting in less than an hour
At what concentration of CI2 would be fatal in 30 mins? 5-10
430+
What is the explosive range of H2 ? 5-11
4-74%
What is the IDLH of HCN ? 5-12
> 50 ppm
When is NO2 dangerous for even short exposure? 5-17
100-150 ppm
SO2 can cause pulmonary odema at a minimum concentration of ____ ? 5-20
0.25 ppm
What is the relative density of CO? 5-22
0.97
_______ is a design applied to electrical equipment and wiring for hazardous locations. The technique is based on limiting energy , both electrical and thermal, to a level below that requires to ignite a specific hazardous atmosphere mixture ? 7-2
Intrinsic safety
The Drager multi gas detector is what type of detector ? 7-3
Colorimetric
In an electronic gas detector what is the life span on O2 sensors? 7-5
1-5 years
______ remove contaminants in the air by filtering out particulates ( e.g. dusts, fumes,mists, gases and vapours) . 8-3
APRs
The W65 self-rescuer will protect the wearer against how much CO for 1 hour ? 8-4
1% (10,000 PPM)
In a self-contained self-rescuer what is the chemical agent causes a reaction to take place with the moisture from your exhaled air? 8-6
Potassium superoxide (KO2)
The Drager PSS BG4 is a _______. 8-7
CCBA
Any condition that affects the supply, exchange or transport of oxygen between the atmosphere and the body’s cells results in ________ . 9-3
Hypoxia
How many liters of oxygen in a M size cylinder ? 9-4
3,540 L
How many liters of Oxygen are in the following size tanks ? 9-4
D
E
K
D - 412 L
E - 682 L
K - 6,900 L
What PSI oxygen cylinder does the CAREvent system use? 9-6
3000
At what PSI is an O2 therapy cylinder considered empty? 9-8
200
A D size O2 therapy unit flowing at 8 Lpm and have a pressure of 750 psi would last how long ? 9-8
18.75 min
Two factors that can change the state of matters are _____ and ____. 10-3
Heat and Pressure
Calcium and aluminum can burn in a ________atmosphere, in the absence of oxygen. 10-4
N2 - Nitrogen
______ is the lowest temperature at which fuel will give off enough vapors to ignite when exposed to an external ignition source. 10-6
Flash Point
Is direct flame contact a source of heat ? 10-7
No
The transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves is ? 10-8
Radiation
What is the second phase of a fire? 10-10
Growth
_______ occurs when unburned combustible gases that were released during the ignition or growth phase of a fire accumulate at the ceiling. 10-11
Rollover
Is grey smoke becoming a dense black, a sign of a backdraft situation ? 10-12
No
A fire extinguisher with a UL rating of 10A120BC can extinguish how many square meters of a liquid fuel fire? 10-13
10.8 m2
What absorbs more heat per volume than any other agent ? 10-16
Water
Dynamic rope stretches approximately _______ with a 200 lb load. 11-5
5-9%
________ Is the ability to withstand force that is applied slowly to the point of failure (e.g. with the weight suspended from a rope ) . 11-5
Tensile strength
Light-use life safety rope has a minimum breaking strength of how many kilo newton’s? 11-6
20kN
Prusik rope is 8-9 mm in diameter when used for rope rescue systems and must be a minimum of __mm smaller than the rope it is being tied to . 11-7
2 mm
A brake bar rack has a minimum breaking strength of _______. 11-10
4536 KG
A tie that attaches a rope or webbing to another object such that if the object were removed the tie would fall apart. 11-12
Hitch
What diameter of rope should be used for the herring bone tie? 11-27
11 mm
In respects to vector force, at an angle of 150 degrees what percentage of the load is seen at the anchors? 11-36
200%
When selecting a tree for an anchor what should be the minimum diameter ? 11-39
25 cm
In a picket hold fast system drive the pickets at an angle of _______degrees away from the force to be anchored . 11-40
15
The average rescuer can pull ? 11-47
23 kg
How many meters of 8mm cordage is required to tie a Radium release hitch ? 11-49
10 M
In firefighting what is the first tactical priority of search and rescue ? 13-2
Locate and remove trapped occupants
Where is the primary search conducted first? 13-3
Most severely threatened areas
In the left-hand search what way do you turn when you hit a wall? 13-4
Right
________ is the process of providing additional support between an entrapping object (eg. a vehicle ) and the ground or other solid anchor points to prevent unwanted movement .
Stabilization
The patient cannot identify which toe you touch, what does this tell you about their circulation?
Nothing
What information does assessing the temperature , colour and moisture of a patients skin provide you with ?
The skin provides an observable indication of how the body organs react to injury.
You are called to attend a worker that has been struck on the head by a flying rock. The patient is supine and does not respond to your voice. While applying C-Spine control and a jaw thrust, you notice there are no obvious signs of breathing, and the patients’ lips are cyanotic. What must be done first ?
Check for carotid pulse
The application of an occlusive dressing to an open chest would may result in ?
Tension pneumothorax
A worker receives an electrical shock from a 550 volt line and fell 4 meters from scaffold. You arrive on scene to see the worker being helped to stand back up. The worker is pale, confused and complains of a sore neck and back. The worker states that a cup of coffee and cigarette is all that is needed before returning to work. You should ?
Immobilize the patient on a spine board and transport to the hospital
You have been called to an incident where 4 workers have been overcome by poisonous gas . What should you do?
Wait for a team of trained confined space workers to remove the workers.
Acute abdomen is defined as a severe problem involving the abdominal organs of a non-traumatic nature. The signs and symptoms of acute abdomen include which of the following?
Abdominal pain, vomiting and rigidity of the abdominal wall
Would ice be a principle to control bleeding?
No
Which organ contains aqueous humor, vitreous humor, and has conjunctiva (think conjunctivitis ) to protect it ?
Eye
Complicated , Transverse, Oblique, and Greenstick are types of what ?
Bone Injuries
The first fundamental principle of mine rescue training . 1-2
Ensuring safety of self and rescue team
Surface team members should use ____for a secondary means of communication. 2-5
Whistle signals
Freelancing is: acting independently of command instruction and is acceptable and will be tolerated ? True or False
False
Slab avalanches are most frequent on slopes of ? 3-2
30-45 degrees
Unless otherwise posted. What is the speed limit on ice roads for loaded and empty vehicles? 3-4
25km/h - 35km/h
Bodily heat loss: what are the two most critical heat loss areas? 3-7
Head and Neck
In cold water. The H.E.L.P and Huddle position will increase the predictive survival time up to ? 3-7
50%
1 kilovolt (kV) = how many volts(V)? 4-2
1,000 V
Current is a flow of electrical charge.It can be compared to the rate of water in a pipe. current is typically measured in amperes (A). 1 ampere ( A) = how many milliamperes (mA)? 4-2
1,000 mA
Alternating current (AC) refers to when a current in a circuit reverses polarity or changes direction in current flow. How many times per second does this happen (Hz)? 4-2
60 times per second
When dealing with electrical code, safe limit of approach . How many meters (ft) must you maintain for a live power line that carries 750-150,000 Volts? 4-3
3M (10ft)
Air gas mixtures (AIR). What is the % of O2 in pure, dry air at sea level? 5-5
20.94%
Non-Toxic gaseous impurities are not dangerous unless they have displaced oxygen to a level below what % ? 5-5
19.5%
Acetylene is colourless, has a faint odour of ether, and is tasteless. Acetylene is a highly flammable hydrocarbon fuel the produces industry’s hottest flame of (_______) when combined with oxygen in the oxyacetylene process? 5-6
3,260 C / 5,900 F
At what PPM is the atmosphere will CO2 cause unconsciousness , brain damage and death? 5-9
801+ PPM
When carbon monoxide is absorbed , it reduces the capacity of the hemoglobin for carrying oxygen to the tissues. The affinity of hemoglobin for carbon monoxide is about how many times its affinity for oxygen ? 5-9
300 times
What is the chemical symbol and relative density of Methane? 5-22
CH4/.55
List the following gases in order of heighest relative weight to lowest relative weight. 5-2
*C3H8
*CO2
*NO2
*MAPP
NO2,MAPP,C3H8,CO2
Rescue tools can be organized into two general categories. What are they? 6-2
Hand tools and power tools
Tools within these categories can be grouped into sub-categories according to their function. What sub-category would handheld radios fall under? 6-7
Miscellaneous tools
It is important to select gas detection equipment that fits the specific needs of the incident. Mine rescue gas detection involves the use of DRI. These instruments provide information at the time of sampling, thus enabling rapid decision-making . What does DRI stand for ? 7-2
Direct-Reading Instruments
What is the typical life span of an O2 sensor in an electrical detector? 7-5
1-5 years
Sampling at the top, middle, and bottom of a space must be done in accordance with manifacturer specifications. For Example, sample every _____ meters due to the weights of gases. Some are lighter than air (methane) some are slightly lighter (carbon monoxide) and some are heavier than air (chlorine) . 7-5
1-2 metres
Calibration ensures that detectors preform properly. The process uses calibration gas with a specific concentration. When is it recommended to preform full instrument calibration using calibration gas(es) to ensure maximum -accuracy?
Monthly
What is the best solution to a dangerous atmosphere? (an exception to this rule is when fire is involved ). Proper respiratory equipment must be used. 8-2
Ventilation
This is a respirator strictly designed for self-rescue to protect the wearer against carbon monoxide gas? it is small and easily carried on the underground miner’s belt. 8-4
MSA W65
What are the 4 common components of a SCBA ?8-8
*backpack assembly *regulator
*facepiece (mask)
*air cylinder
This allows teams to directly attach two air cylinders of any kind to provide air to SCBA’s worn by casualties or other rescuers when their supply is low. It is not for quick charging, buddy-breathing or any other unapproved use. It is a standard fitting that is dedicated for emergency use? 8-8
*RIC ( rapid intervention crew)
*UAC (universal air connections)
PASS device is used by the wearer of a SCBA as a safety alarm with high-volume siren if the wearer remains motionless , such as when the wearer has collapsed or is trapped ( usually set at pre-alarm when motionless; full-alarm of motionless for 30 seconds). What does PASS stand for ? 8-9
Personal Alert Safety System
This involves pressurizing a cylinder above its operating pressure to establish safety standards to ensure durability of the cylinder over time ? 8-9
Hydrostatic testing
What is the frequency of testing for a compressed cylinder ? 8-9
depends on the material and model
Medical-grade oxygen (approximately 99% oxygen) is supplied as a compressed gas, at how many psi ? 9-4
2,000 psi
A D size cylinder hold up to how many litres of O2? 9-4
412 L
A “+ “ sign stamped at the top of the cylinder indicates that pressure can be increased by how many % ? 9-4
10%
D and E cylinders have a pin-indexed medical post outlet with a valve operated by purpose-specific wrench. Others have a special _______ oxygen threaded outlet and a hand valve? Both connections are designed to be unique and prevent inadvertent connection to any gas other than oxygen. 9-4
CGA-540 O2 thread
The pressure regulator on a O2 cylinder reduces the pressure of oxygen delivered from the cylinder to the mask between what psi ? 9-5
40-70 psi
How long should you observe a O2 cylinder for a leak down test? also, how many psi can it drop before you
re-tighten the regulator and repeat the test or take it out of service? 9-7
5 min / 0 psi
Two factors that can change the state of matter are ? 10-3
Heat and Pressure
This refers to the decomposition of organic material at high temps in the absence of oxygen. During this time, the material is heated to a point that both its physical state( e.g. solid) and chemical composition change at the same time. It usually produces gases , vapours and particulates? 10-3
Pyrolysis
This is the lowest temp at which fuel will give off enough vapours to ignite when exposed to an external ignition source? 10-6
Flash Point
This is generated when combustible material absorbs heat from a source of ignition . it is the most common source of heat energy in combustion ? 10-7
Chemical heat energy
This is the transmission of energy as an electromagnetic wave without an intervening medium. heat waves ( infrared rays) are similar to light waves in nature, but they differ in length and energy. As an object is exposed to heat waves , it will absorb or reflect the heat depending on its properties? 10-8
Radiation
This is the transition from the growth phase to the fully developed phase of a fire? It occurs when the surfaces and contents involved in the fire have been heated and gases given off by pyrolsis have ignited .Flame breaks out almost at once over the surface of the contents involved in the space.10-11
Flashover
The number indicates “units” of fire extinguishing potential and does not refer to the size , capacity or quantity of extinguishing agent used. These ratings are based on an untrained operator. An expert can be expected to extinguish up to _____ times this much fire as a novice with the same quality of agent ? 10-13
2.5 times
Appreciable depth is defined as a depth of liquid greater than ? 10-13
1/4 inch (6mm)
This is caused by convection and is the tendency for gases to form into layers according to their temps. It is also known as heat stratification or heat balance. The hottest gases tend to accumulate at upper levels, a phenomenon known as mushrooming . Cooler gasses accumulate at lower levels ____________ is disrupted when water is applied directly into the layer without proper ventilation. This results in steam, smoke, higher temps and decreased visibility at the lower level which are detrimental to a rescuer? 10-13
Thermal Layering
What does BLEVE stand for ? 10-18
Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion
Most rope rescue operations use nylon kernmantle ropes. The nylon core supports as much as ______% of the loads mass, while the mantle protects the rope. Some kernmantle ropes have a coating on top of the mantle that is designed to protect the rope from water, cuts and other damage. However, the coatings make ropes more slippery and therefore unsuitable for rope rescue. 11-5
90%
Prusik rope is 8-9mm in diameter when used for rope rescue systems and must be a minimum of how many “mm” smaller than the rope it is being tied to? 11-7
2 mm
What kind of webbing is used in high-angle environments because it is more flexible? 11-8
Tubular webbing
Carabiners are manufactured in a variety of shapes. Each shape is designed for specific uses. This design causes ropes attached to the carabiner to slip into position along the spine , where the carabiner is strongest. This is the strongest design ? 11-8
D shape
The NFPA General use minimum breaking strength of a pulley is? For rope rescue , pulley -to-rope ratio , meaning that the pulley size also known as the thread diameter should be times the diameter of the rope? 11-9
36Kn/4 times
Steel O rings are very strong, with a strength margin of at least ? 11-11
20:1
This knot creates a loop that forms the main point of attachment? 11-13
Figure eight on a bight
This hitch is used for anchoring a rope? 10-15
Tensionless Hitch
This basket tie-in can be accomplished with either webbing or a rope ( use a large diameter such as 11mm to avoid discomfort to the causalty )? This common length of a dedicated tie-in web or rope is at least 60ft (18 meters) .If done correctly it can be easily “unzipped” after undoing the last securing knots, which can be useful if a casualty needs to be removed from basket quickly and transferred to am ambulance cot. 11-27
Herringbone Tie-in
Trees are the most common anchors used by rescuers , but even large trees might not be suitable. When selecting a tree to use as an anchor. use a tree with a diameter of more than ? 11-37
25cm (10inch) if possible
For mine rescue rappelling operations _____ degree (steep or high) angles , a safety belay line must be connected from a separate bombproof anchor point to the repelling rescuer’s harness. The belay system must include tandem prusiks or an approved commercial belay device. 11-51
Over 30 degrees
Structural search and rescue involves entering a building experiencing hazardous conditions to ensure the safety of those inside . What is the number 1 purpose of structural search and rescue? 13-2
Locate and remove trapped occupants
True or False : Search patterns ensure that rescuers do not get lost or disoriented during a search. The team captain will determine that search teams will always do a left-hand search pattern? This will be determined prior to entering a structure. 13-4
True
If rescuers encounter a casualty or a problem during the search, they must ? 13-4
Reverse the direction they used upon entry to exit the structure.
Locating , retrieving and tending to casualties is the second fundamental principal of mine rescue operations. There are three types of casualties. What is the first type of casualty? 13-5
Casualties already outside the hazard zone
Extrication from vehicles and equipment: after size up but before any other extrication activities , rescuers must? 13-5
Stabilize the vehicle(s)
The initial scene survey, primary survey and the start of lifesaving first aid usually happens within how many minutes? SJ-34
1-2 mins
What is the normal breathing rate of an adult ? SJ-46
10-20
True or False: In the event of lightening strike, where more than one person is injured, the principles of multiple causality management are reversed ? SJ-63
True
The process of making decisions at an emergency scene where multiple people are injured is called triage. in triage, first aiders quickly examine all casualties and place them in order if greatest need for first aid and for transportation. What is the highest priority in triage? SJ-62
Casualties who need immediate first aid and transportion to medical help
True or False: You should never use an expired EpiPen? SJ-89
False
This occurs when the blood supply feeding the heart muscle becomes limited due to narrowing , damage or blocked arteries? SJ-105
Angina
This happens when heart muscle tissue dies because its supply of blood has been cut off? SJ-106
Heart Attack
Nitroglycerin tablets or spray are common medications for relief of chronic angina pain. A casualty in serious distress may need your help to take their medication. Nitroglycerin may be repeated , if needed, every how many minutes and can be repeated how many times ? SJ-110
5-10 mins / 3 times
Remember FAST as a way to check for the signs and symptoms of a stroke and to get immediate help. what does FAST stand for ? SJ-112
Facial
Arm
Speech
Time
The acronym SHARP identifies signs and symptoms of infection.What does SHARP stand for ? SJ-145
Swollen
Hot
Aches
Redness
Puss
If your vehicle weighs 5000kg what is the minimum thickness the ice may be to support you?
37.5 cm
Expected survival in water if the water temp is 25-30C ?
Indefinitely
Training exercises involving a ________ should be conducted occasionally.
Recovery problem
At what core body temp would shivering stop?
27.8
Bright sunshine may reduce the effect of wind chill by how much?
6-10 units
________ occurs when feet have been wet, but not freezing cold, for prolonged periods of time?
Immersion foot
A bio marine biopak 240R is an example of what style of breathing apparatus?
CCBA
Hot, dry, flush, red skin may indicate _______ stroke?
heat stroke
If electricity is released on the surface, such as when a “live” wire lays on the ground . The electricity will fan out from the point of contact. The energy is a full system voltage at the point of contact , but as you move away the voltage drops progressively. This effect is known as?
Ground gradient
In a MSA W65 , first air is drawn in at the bottom of the self rescuer and passes through the ________.
course dust filter
Some old transformers still in service might contain _________.
Polchlorinated biphenyl
In a _______ storage system, several large cylinders are used to bring a small cylinder up to desired pressure.
Cascade
Oxygen under _______ pressure can dangerously lower the flash point and ignition temp of petroleum products.
High
_________ is defined as the rapid oxidation of combustible material accomplished by a release of energy in the form of heat and light.
Fire
What is the shelf life of MSA W65?
15 years
This gas is produced during the heat treating of drill steels?
Hydrogen Cyanide
Auto ignition temp is the temp at which a material will ignite spontaneously, independent of ________?
External ignition source
_____ is released as heat and energy?
Thermal energy
Are respiration appliances considered to be a fire appliance?
No
Hypergolic mixtures are normally fuels used to propel ________?
Missiles or rockets
______ are created when 2 hard surfaces touch one another with sufficient force. One surface is usually metal.
Friction spark
Five-pointed star stamped at the top of the cylinder indicates that the hydrostatic test date has been extended an additional how many years?
5 years
Which is not considered the strongest form of ice?
White Hue
True or False: Roll over being visible is a sign of flashover ?
True
This instrument is used to measure air velocity. It consists of a small fan that is rotated by the air current.
Anemometer
On a fire extinguisher 1A = agent contained is equal to _______ of water?
4.7L
On a fire extinguisher , a “C” classification means the agent is ?
Non conductive
Of all extinguishing agents which of the following absorbs more heat per volume than any other agent?
Water
Ensuring safe operations of all rescue equipment is not a responsibility of the captain?
True
Anchor leverage: to reduce leverage on a vertical anchor, secure the anchor attachment close to the ________.
Ground
Who’s responsibility is it to appoint a qualified person to ensure that all mine rescue members practice as a team?
Management
Example of good structural anchor would be a steel I-beam larger than _______ wide?
15cm (6 inch)
Which member of the steering committee is from the Yukon workers compensation health and safety board ?
Ron Ratz
Propane is a __________
Liquid petroleum gas
Acetylene becomes dangerously explosive above _______ in free state ?
100kpa (15 psi)
Retire rope if it does not pass inspection or has been in service for _____ years ?
5
True or False: carbon dioxide gas is one of the greatest chemical hazards to humans?
False
Altitude: breathing becomes less laborious due to the increase in oxygen as altitude increases. True or False
False
Airborne particulate: concentrations are generally measured in ____ of air ?
Mg / meter cubed
Ammonia is formed by the reaction of _______with ______ in the presence of a ______?
Chlorine, hydrogen, catalyst
Will conductors conduct electricity in large amounts?
Yes
With mines operating in more remote locations, what may present unique circumstances during emergencies?
On site power generation
The formula for calculating force is?
F=M(A)
This gas will not support combustion?
Carbon Dioxide
_______ is the primary consideration for the use of any tool?
Safety
These instruments provide information at the time of sampling, thus enabling rapid decision making?
Direct-reading instruments
Which element is one of the most difficult to ignite?
Carbon
How many meters of webbing is used to tie the diamond lashing ? 11-30
18
What is the minimum breaking strength of 1/2 “general use life safety rope” ?
40KN
When doing a left-handed search, what direction would you turn when you contact a wall
Right
______ is the process of providing additional support between an entrapping object and the ground?
Stabilizing
Exposures at the STEL should not be longer than ______minutes and should not be repeated more than four times per day. There should be at least ______ minutes between successive exposures at the STEL . A period other than 15 minutes may be recommended when this is warranted by observed biological effects (5-3)
15 - 60 mins
The Physiological Effects charts included with each gas sheet are ______ associated with the effects , not specific ranges . The data contained comes from many different resource materials. Care has been taken to use the most consistent and recent data possible.
General levels
Some welders call acetylene “gas” and oxygen what? This dangerous habit could cause death or injury under certain circumstances. Call all gases by their proper names.
Air
Clinical investigations indicate that carbon dioxide influences the respiratory rate. This rate increases rapidly with increasing amounts of carbon dioxide. At what PPM would it increase respiration 300% and laborious?
5-8
50,000 ppm
Which of the following cold stress conditions does not cause blisters?
Frostnip
All O2 cylinders are subject to hydrostatic testing?
As per manufacturer’s specifications
When substances are heated , they tend to change state from the?
*solid to liquid to gas state
*solid to liquid to vapour state
True or False: Gases and vapours tend to assume the shape of their container but have a specific volume ?
False
A material that can be oxidized
*Fuel
*Reducing Agent
Another name for Heat Stratification?
Thermal Layering
Accessory Cord is any narrow diamter rope made from nylon, polyster, ________, kevlar or combination thereof.
Spectra
Using Golds Formula. How many KGs can an ice thickness of 100cm hold?
40,000kg
(100x100=10,000 x 4=40,000kg)
What are 3 environmental effects of an avalanche?
Variation in temp, wind, humidity
A Mine Rescue Unit is called when?
if operation is extended beyond 6hr
Physiological Effects of Nitrogen Dioxide. At what PPM will it be dangerous for even short exposure?
100-150 ppm
Electrochemical toxic gas sensors have a typical life span of?
1-4 years ( depending on the type)
The W65 protects the wearer against _______ CO for one hour ?
1% or 10,000ppm
_____ have physical properties that increase both the difficulty of extinguishment and the hazards to personnel?
Liquid fuels
Which two gases are IDLH when >100 ppm?
5-13 and 5-20
H2S-Hydrogen Sulphide and SO2-Sulphur Dioxide
Knowing how to use a _______ is a key component of emergency response ?
Fire extinguisher
Interior search and rescue. How is the primary search conducted?
Conducted in the most critical areas.
Search teams are a fundamental part of STANDARD SEARCH PROCEDURE. Teams consist of a minimum of two personnel. What must be established before entry?
A rapid intervention team
What does RTFQ stand for ?
READ THE FUCKING QUESTION :) haha
The Western Candian Mine Rescue Manual was compiled in cooperation with steering committee drawn from the coal-and-metal mining industries in Yukon, Northwest Territories and ?
British Columbia and Nunavut
The Mine Rescue Manual has evolved from integrating revised editions of what manuals ?
*General Underground Mine Rescue Manual (B.C. Ministry of Energy, Mines and Patroleum Resources, Paper 1977-2).
*Surface Mine rescue Manual (B.C. Ministry of Energy,Mines and Petroleum Resources, Paper 1981-4)
A brake bar rack is a fixed friction device? True or False
False
Cold sensation , goose bumps, unable to perform complex tasks with hands, shivering can be mild to severe, and numb hands are all signs and symptoms of moderate hypothermia? True or False
False
You and your team are walking to an incident and hear 2 whistle blasts; however, you did not see who blew the whistle. Who would be the most probable person on your team to give the signal and what does it mean?
The Vice-Captain gave the signal and someone is having a hard time keeping up
Stress reactions can cause a wide variety of reactions. The more reactions experienced , the greater the impact on the individual. The longer the reaction lasts, the more potential there is for permanent hard. Excessive silence would fall under what category ?
Behavioural
Exposure to cold environments or water for a prolonged period can result in several adverse conditions. Particularly during winter months, precautions should be taken to avoid these conditions during Mine Rescue work. If you are experiencing a red bumpy rash with severe itching, what thermal stress conditions would you be experiencing ?
Heat Rash
A Concentration Equivalent (Ceq) Formula must be used for longer shifts thonger than an eight-hour workday and 40-hour workweek. The Formula used depends on what?
The jurisdiction in which the mine is located.
Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH) refers to a condition posing immediate danger to life or health, or a condition…..?
posing an immediate threat of severe exposure to contaminants.
When storing or transporting any gases in pressurized containers, what dictates the special precautions required?
Site-specific procedures.
Mine air may be contaminated by the presence of gases such as carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, methane, oxides of nitrogen and excess carbon dioxide. The presence of these gases maybe due to ? 5-5
1-Blasting or other explosions
2-Mine fires
3-Diffussion from ore or country rock, as with methane or radon
4-Decay of mine timber
5-Absorption of oxygen by water of oxidation of timber or ore
6-Use of diesel motors underground
7-Gas released from thermal water- carbon dioxode, hydrogen sulphide.
If an acetylene cylinder has been laid on its side, you are to place the cylinder upright and wait at least an hour before using, as per the ?
CCOHS
Carbon dioxide and powder extinguishers are suitable for fighting fires in which ammonia is involved. True or False?
True
The most common source of hydrogen at mines is ?
Battery Charging
Which gas interferes with the normal use of oxygen by nearly every organ of the body ?
HCN
Which gas, due to its high evaporation rate, may cause tissue freezing or frostbite on skin contact with liquid?
MAPP
What general safety consideration is essential in order to properly operate tools?
Adequate lighting
Which sub-category of tools are used to extend reach or to exert extra force on an object? 6-3
Pushing, Pulling and Lifting tools
When selecting gas detection equipment , the user should consider performance criteria/specifications of the instrument. The accuracy of the instrument can be defined as? 7-2
The degree to which the measurement of a quantity of a substance matches up with that quantity’s actual value.
The drager CMS small tubes contained within a plastic chip with a bar code identifier. Each chip has ______ individual sample tubes.
10
When conducting atmospheric sampling , the operator is responsible for sampling at the top, middle and bottom of the space, and this must be done in accordance with ?
Manufacturer’s specifications
Calibration gases are ____ and _____ mixtures of gas concentrations.
*Certified
*Traceable
Calibration gases are identified by the following?
*Gas
*Concentration
*Part Number
*Expiration Date
People who are exposed to a dangerous atmosphere may not be aware that the danger exists nor of the need to protect themselves.Proper and adequate _____ is the best solution to a dangerous atmosphere.
Ventilation
True or False: A negative pressure apparatus’ external pressure is lower than the internal pressure.
False
True or False: Oxygen-generating self- rescuers are designed strictly for self-rescue and are completely reliant on the surrounding atmosphere.
False
Fill in the blanks regarding this statement about SCSR’s: Oxygen is released by chemical reaction of ____ from exhaled breath mixing with potassium superoxide (KO2). This reaction produces heat. A second reaction takes place between the newly created _______ and the carbon dioxide from the exhaled breath, which retains/absorbs the _______ .
*Moisture
*Potassium Hydroxide
*Carbon Dioxide
A CCBA’s main functions are to absorb carbon dioxide and provide oxygen. Modern CCBA’s maintain ________by using springs on the breathing bag/chamber and a demand valve when the internal volume of oxygen in the system has decreased.
Positive Pressure
True or False: Oxygen under high pressure can dangerously raise the flash points and ignition temperatures of petroleum products.
False
Never leave a casualty who is not fully alert alone with oxygen mask secured to their face …?
Even if the casualty is in the lateral or recovery position.
Rescue harnesses must be commercially manufactured, NFPA Class III. The harness style needs to have the capability of providing a minimum of how many tie-in / attachments points?
3
What is the NFPA standard on Life Safety Rope and Equipment for Emergency Services?
NFPA 1983
Supplemental training is needed to respond to various rescue situations , as identified by site-specific ________.
Hazard Identification Procedures
Some skills are beyond the scope of the Western Canada Mine Rescue Manual. Some of these skills include? 13-6
1-Communications/command structure
2-Fast water and ice rescue
3-Avalanche response
4-Confined space/hazardous atmospheres
5-Blasting procedures
6-Technical rope rescue
7-Fall protection
8-Collapsed buildings and cave-ins
9-Forcible entry
10-Vehicle extrication
11-Heavy equipment operation
12-Underground emergency operations
13-Environmental (wildland fires) and wildlife
14-Aircraft rescue and firefighting
15-Site-specific fire response
16-Structural firefighting
17-Wilderness search and rescue
18Hazardous materials/nuclear response
It is critical to protect , monitor, and communicate with the casualty throughout the extrication. The guiding principle for extrication is to remove the casualty from around the vehicle.
False
Secondary searches are conducted after initial fire suppression/ventilation. True or False ?
True
Simple slung anchor attachments can bear forces as high as ?
22kN
Wrap-3-Pull-2 is an anchor attachment that can be tied from webbing . Very little strength is lost when tied properly with tied ends of the webbing ______ the load and ______ the anchor
*Facing
*Against
When using as a rope anchor attachment,a figure 8 follow through with a figure 8 on a bright requires ?
3 feet of rope + length needed to wrap around the anchor
Which anchors are site-specific , and require additional training beyond the scope of the Western Canada Mine Rescue Manual?
Winter Anchors
When preparing a Picket Anchor System, what size and length of rope is required?
1/2”, 15m
Through training, mine rescue teams will become familiar with the most common dangerous occurrences, such as those involving?
Fire, Machinery and Electricity
During Mine rescue work, primary communication is done via..? 2-5
electronic devices, such as phones or intrinsically safe radios where required
Poor concentration , loss of emotional control and muscle tremors are conditions that result from the effects of the body’s?
Chemical Emergency response System
When establishing a plumb point for a brake bar rack you will hold the load-side knot tight about ________ past the access edge and then around the first bar of the brake rack
2 inches
There are various methods to blanketing a stretcher, but the objectives are the same . What are the 4 objectives ? 11-25
1-Provide the casualty with warmth for shock or environmental conditions
2-Comfort the casualty by ensuring there is nothing that can cause pressure points on the casualty’s body
3-Allow a rescuer to quickly access the vital signs and injuries of the casualty
4-Keep the blankets from being loose and potentially getting into rigging systems
______ is done by connecting all the metal parts that are not supposed to be carrying current during normal operations,thereby bringing them to the same electrical potential.
Bonding
True or False: Electrical systems use insulated grounding rods to ensure that any stray current is returned to earth safety?
False
Ammonia’s corrosive qualities will irritate the eyes, nose, throat, lungs or moist skin and may cause considerate distress. Even brief exposure of _______ ppm or more may cause rapid death due to suffocation or oedema in lungs.
5,000
Oxygen-generating self-rescuers are designed strictly for self-rescue and to function completely independent of the surrounding atmosphere. A(n) ______ system covers the immediate oxygen requirements of the user until the chemical of the canister becomes activated
Quick-Start
All oxygen cylinders must be refilled by a(n) _________ person
Qualified
In regard to fire behavior, it’s fundamental to a rescuer’s safety to have a basic grasp of……10-3
Physics and Chemistry of a fire
Who is responsible for the publication “Mine Rescue Crisis Response Manual”?
Yukon Territorial Government
What allows for command, control, and co-ordination during emergency response?
ICS
What practice is first and foremost when it comes to helping teams work efficiently in an emergency ?
Team Structure
Oxygen cylinders are recharged by transferring oxygen from large-capacity medical-grade oxygen cylinders via ___________.
High-Pressure Pump
Fire poses major hazards in the _______ and ______ of causalities?
*Rescue
*Treatment
_____ and _____ extinguish fire more rapidly than the same quantity of other smothering agents.
*Vaporizing liquid
*Dry Chemical
Is wind direction a consideration for safely performing ventilation?10-17
No
Technical rescue is a hazardous activity. ________ is a result of experience , training and good personal judgment.
Risk Management
Regarding Rope Rescue PPE and Equipment, should rescuers carry the below items for the listed purposes?
GLOVES: All rescuers handling any rope must wear gloves
PLIERS: Used to free a jammed carabiner
KNIFE or SUITABLE CUTTING TOOL: Used to cut open jammed systems
11-4
Yes
A flammable substance compressed quickly enough can raise the temp to the substance’s ____________.
Ignition Point
What is the NFPA Standard for Life Safety Rope and Equipment for Emergency Services?
11-6
NFPA 1983
If a carabiner locking mechanism becomes “frozen” through over-tightening. The first thing you should do to free it is?
11-9
If the carabiner is not already on a seat harness, attach it to one. Have the wearer move to a secure position, such as away from the edge of any drop.
Conduct all activities in a manner that ensures the safety of team members , casualties, and bystander is what part of Response and size up?
2-6
Take appropriate action
Mine rescue responsibilities can be very demanding . Mine rescue members may be the first trained personnel to arrive at the incident scene. What is the third thing they are required to do ?
2-5
Ensure the safety of self and team, casualties and bystanders
On clear Blue Lake Ice: What would be the thickness of ice needed for a load that weighs 30,625Kg
87.5 cm
Golds Formula
M(KG)=4 x h squared (cm)
The three priorities of First Aid in order of importance are?
p.12 SJ
1-Preserve Life
2-Prevent illness/injury from getting worse
3-Promote Recovery
You should never abandon a casualty, you should stay until?
p.17 SJ
1-Hand them over to medical aid
2-Hand them over to another first aid attendant
3-They no longer want help
What are the 5 links in the Chain of Survival?
p.107 SJ
1-Immediate recognition of a Cardiovascular emergency, activating EMS
2-Early CPR, with emphasis on chest compression’s
3-Rapid defibrilation
4-Effective advanced life support
5-Integrated post cardiac arrest care
5 Signs of effective breathing include?
p.83 SJ
1-Breathing that is quiet
2-Equal expansion of both sides of the chest
3-Person alert and relaxed
4-Skin color normal
5-Speaking without taking a breath every few seconds
When dealing with a chemical hazard a _______ should be accessible and will provide information on how to control the hazards along with first aid directions.
P.18 SJ
MSDS
If a casualty is suffering from a suspected stroke, they should be told to chew one regular strength tablet of ASA or 2 low dose tablets.
P.293 SJ
False
3 examples of airborne pathogens are?
P.18 SJ
1-Meningitis
2-Tuberculosis
3-Influenza
If you are alone with no phone and someone is in cardiac arrest, how many cycles of CPR should you do?
P.116 SJ
5, Then go for help, carry the child with you if possible.
How far away should you place the defibrillator pads from a pacemaker?
P.124 SJ
1 inch, look for indication scars
Exposure to blood or bodily fluids poses a health risk to first aiders. There are three diseases that first aiders should be aware of.
p.18 SJ
1-HIV
2-Hepititis-B
3-Hepititis-C
Needles should be disposed of in a _____ _____.
p.22 SJ
Sharps container
________ care is either given by a medical doctor or under the supervision of a medical doctor.
p.25 SJ
Medical care
The acronym M.I.S.T stands for?
p.26 SJ
M-mechanism of injury
I-injury/illnesses found
S-signs and symptoms
T-treatment provided so far
The 4 principles of communication are?
p.28 SJ
1-Body language
2-Proffessionalism
3-Focus
4-Terminology
First Aiders may experience a certain level of stress as a result of the assistance they provide. It is a biological response and may be reflected in?
p.31 SJ
1-Increase in heart rate
2-Increase in blood pressure
3-Increase in blood sugar
4-Dilation of the bronchi and pupils
6 most common types of dressings in first aid are?
p.128 SJ
1-Adhesive dressing
2-Wound closures
3-Gauze dressing
4-Pressure dressing
5-Improvised dressing
6-Hemostatic dressing
What are the 5 signs and symptoms of infection?
p.145 SJ
S.H.A.R.P
S-swollen
H-hot
A-aches
R-red
P-puss
Fractures are caused by what types of force?
p.187 SJ
1-Direct force
2-Indirect force
3- Twisting force
also caused by bone diseases.
S.A.V.E.M.E
Is the steps for opioid overdose, and the acronym stands for?
p.232 SJ
S-Stimulate, shake, activate EMS
A-Airway, open the airway
V- Ventilate, one breath every 15 seconds
E-Evaluate, is this helping?
M-Medication, prep and deliver Naloxone
E-Evaluate, did Naloxone help?
C.A.R.E
Is the steps for responding to a mental health issue/crisis, and the acronym stands for?
p.259 SJ
C-Call for help if a person is at risk for suicide.
A-Ask and listen how they are feeling.
R-Respond with available help options, not advice.
E-Encourage support in a variety of ways.
2 types of peripheral nerves are?
1-Sensory
2-Motor
A dressing should be?
p.128 SJ
1-Sterile, or clean as possible
2-Large enough to cover a wound
3-Highly absorbent
4- Compressible, thick and soft
5-Non-stick, lint free
Severe blood loss will result in what signs and symptoms of shock?
p.140 SJ
1-Skin pale, cool and clammy
2-Rapid pulse, becoming weaker
3-Faintness, dizziness, thirst and nausea
4-Restlessness and apprehension
5-Shallow breathing, yawning, sighing and gasping for air
5 steps of First Aid for animal/human bites are?
p.178 SJ
1-Perform scene and primary survey
2-Examine wound for broken skin
3-If there is bleeding, allow moderate to help cleanse the wound
4-Wash wound, apply dressing and bandage
5- Get medical help
The 6 signs and symptoms of pelvic injury include?
p.198 SJ
1-Signs of shock
2-Casualty cannot stand or walk
3-Urge to urinate
4-Cannot urinate or blood in urine
5-Sharp pain in groin and small of the back
6-Increased pain when moving
Poisons are classified according to how they enter the body. What are the 4 ways?
p.247 SJ
1-Swallowed
2-Inhaled
3-Absorbed
4-Injected
What is infarction?
An area of tissue death, due to lack of blood flow.
When the temperature is below zero, it is possible to discover someone who is completely frozen, this is a frozen state. Recognize a frozen state when?
p.242 SJ
1-Casualty found in a cold location and is unresponsive
2-Joints of jaw and neck are rigid when you try to open the airway
3-Skin and deeper tissues are cold and cannot be depressed
4-Entire body moves as a solid unit
Breathing rates for an Infant, Child and Adult are listed in 3 categories. Too slow, Normal and Too fast. What are the 3 values for each age group.
p.46 SJ
Infant
Too slow-below 25
Normal-30-50
Too fast-Above 60
Child
Too slow - below 15
Normal- 20-30
Too fast- Above 40
Adult
Too slow - below 10
Normal- 10-20
Too fast- Above 30
What are the signs and symptoms of inhalation injuries, including signs of shock?
p.85 SJ
1-Dizziness, restlessness and confusion
2-Pallor or cyanosis
3-Abnormal breathing rate or depth
The 5 steps of first aid for a snakebite are?
p.179 SJ
1-Do scene and primary survey
2-Place casualty at rest in semi-sitting position. Keeping affected limb below heart level
3- Flush the bite if possible. Wrap a large roller bandage around the entire length of bitten extremity, to slow circulation of venom.
4-Immobilize the limb
5-Give ongoing casualty care.
What is the third fundamental principal of mine rescue?
Protection of the mine property from further damage.
____ hours of training and practice are needed to develop a competent mine rescue team that can work effectively with other teams to accomplish rescue objectives in the event of a mine emergency.
Many
Supervisory staff must notify all persons required to assist at a disaster, particularly?
The Local Regulator
Continuous ________ in mine rescue service while maintaining the above minimum will ensure the certification does not expire.
participation
You may have perforated ear drums (tympanic membrane) to be a Mine Rescue member?
True (subject to the discretion of the mine manager)
Is the mine rescue team Captain responsible for ensuring the team training records are up to date?
No,it’s the responsibility of the appointed Rescue Trainer.
With regards to the mine rescue unit, you have an active team, back up and team at rest. How long in hours can the active team be, active?
2 hours
Freelancing is: Acting independently of command instruction and is acceptable and will be tolerated?
False
Is smoke in the direction of the emergency a detail observed at the scene (in size-up) ?
No.
Be prepared to choose an alternative action if results are unsatisfactory, is what part of size-up?
Analyze results
What does CANUTEC stand for?
Canadian Transport Emergency Centre
Should you refer to WHMIS for Hazardous Material Response?
No
In an avalanche, the zone of transition is?
Where the avalanche accelerates and typically reaches maximum destructive potential.
How is a slab avalanche set in motion?
Set in motion simultaneously, over a large area and may start in either shallow or deep snow layers.
What external events can trigger a slide (avalanche)?
Natural - New snow, transported snow (wind), temperature changes, sun, rain, thawing and animals.
Human- Explosives, working on a slope, working below a slope, mobile equipment, and recreational activities.
Trigger Points- Snow conditions, shallow areas/variable depth snow packs, points of weakness (eg. trees, rock outcrops) may all contribute to the development of avalanche conditions.
The thickness of the ice must be tested frequently in various locations. The ________ thickness is what is used to determine the strength of the ice.
The smallest
The resonance wave can affect the strength of the ice, potentially resulting in a?
Blow out, or an ice failure.
Where should the wind chill chart be posted?
At the wind and temperature recorder.
Rescue members should be competent in site-specific response procedures in the event of any incident involving?
Haz Mat
Training exercises involving a _________ _______ should be conducted occasionally.
recovery problem
Bright sunshine may reduce the effect of wind chill by how much?
6-10 units
Auto ignition temp is the temperature at which a material will ignite spontaneously, independent of______ _______ ________?
external ignition source
Is a Respiration appliance considered a fire appliance?
No
Frostnip, a cold stress condition, causes blisters?
False
Exposures at the STEL should not be longer than ____ minutes and should not be repeated more than four times per day. There should be at least ____ minutes between successive exposures at the STEL. A period other than 15 minutes may be recommended when this is warranted by observed biological effects.
15 mins and 60 mins
The physiological effects charts included with each gas sheet are _______ levels associated with the effects, not specific ranges. The data contained comes from many different resource materials. Care has been taken to use the most consistent and recent data possible.
General levels
Accessory cord is any narrow diameter rope made from nylon, polyester, ________, kevlar or combination thereof.
spectra
What are the three environmental effects of an avalanche?
Variation in temperature, wind and humidity
Adequate __________ is essential to properly operate tools.
Lighting
Calibration gases are certified and traceable mixtures of gas concentration. Calibration gas cylinders are identified by what three things?
1-Gas types and concentrations
2-Part number
3-Expiration date
Approximately one cubic metre of air will provide sufficient oxygen for an average person at rest for one hour. After one hour, the oxygen content will be approximately _____% and the carbon dioxide content will be approximately ____%
16% O2 and 5% CO2
A bridle anchor from two anchor points with an interior angle of 90 degrees will place how much % of the load on each anchor point?
71%
What requirements and site-specific procedures dictate special precautions required for any gases stored or transported in pressurized containers?
Regulatory
What material can be ignited in CO2 without O2 being involved?
10-5
Zirconium dust
The lowest quantity or concentration of a substance that the instrument can register within a margin of confidence is?
Limit of Detection
One PPM is the same as? 5-2
A- 1 metre step in 1000 kilometres
B- 1 millilitre per 1000 litres of liquid
C- 1 square centimetre in 100 squared metres
D- 1 cent in 10,000 dollars
Except in the case of fire, adequate positive ventilating currents will prevent any dangerous accumulation of gases. Gases may affect people either by their combustible, explosive or toxic properties, or, if inert, by the displacement of oxygen. The effects may be due to a variety of conditions including?
Altitude, Humidity, Temperature
Use the tool only for the ______ for which it was designed
Tasks
Electrochemical toxic gas sensors have a typical life span of?
1-4 years depending on the type
All casualties requiring oxygen therapy should receive oxygen at a constant flow rate of 10 litres per minute unless?
Travel time will deplete the supply
A material that can be oxidized?
Fuel and Reducing agent
Clinical investigations indicate that carbon monoxide influences the respiratory rate. This rate increases rapidly with increasing amounts of carbon dioxide. At what PPM would it increase respiration rate 300% and labourious?
It wouldn’t, Carbon Dioxide does that, Silly Goose.
A concentration Equivelant (Ceq) formulae must be used for shifts longer than an eight hour workday and a 40 hour workweek. The formula used depends on the?
Jurisdiction in which the mine is located
A bridle anchor from two anchor points with an interior angle of 60 degrees will place how much % of the load on each anchor point?
58%
What is the second step to structural entry? 13-3
Identify hazards (check doors, windows for heat, smoke, signage, contents)
This knot is used to tie two rope ends together end-to-end, in order to extend them? 11-14
Figure of eight bend
Depending on amount and exposure time, may have initially experienced restlessness and increased respiratory rate. Other early symptoms may include weakness, giddiness, difficulty breathing, heart palpitations, headache. Onset of signs and symptoms is usually rapid after inhalation and may continue for several hours after exposure. Which gas and what PPM would have this physiological effect?
HCN- Hydrogen Cyanide 20-50PPM
When tying a picket system, what size rope/webbing should you use and how long should it be? 11-40
12.7mm (1/2in.) 50ft (15m) long
Is a brake bar rack a fixed friction device? 11-10
No
The most common source of Hydrogen at mines is? 5-11
Battery charging
Calibration gases are _______ and ______ mixtures of gas concentrations.
Certified, Traceable
Pressure rating, is one way to identify calibration gases.
False
Oxygen-generating self-rescuers are designed strictly for self-rescue and are completely reliant on the surrounding atmosphere?
False
Rescue harnesses must be commercially manufactured, NFPA class 3. The harness style needs to have the capability of providing a minimum of how many tie-in/attachment points?
3
Simple slung anchor attachments can bear forces as high as?
11-39
22kN (4945 lbf) which is only suitable for a single person load
Wrap-3-Pull-2 is an anchor attachment that can be tied from webbing. Very little strength is lost when tied properly with the tied ends of the webbing _____ the load and _____ the anchor.
facing, and against
When establishing a plumb point for a brake bar rack you will hold the load side knot tight about _________ past the access edge and then around the first bar of the brake rack.
2 inches
Oxygen-generating self rescuers are designed strictly for self-rescue and to function completely independent of the surrounding atmosphere. A ______ system covers the immediate oxygen requirements of the user until the chemical of the canister becomes activated.
Quick-start
On clear blue river ice. What would be the thickness of ice needed for a load that weighs 30,625kg?
93.83cm, on clear blue RIVER ice, loads should be reduced by 15%.
30625kg + 15%= 35218.75
35218.75kg= 4 x 93.83 squared
What are the two most critical heat loss areas?
Head and Neck
At what PPM will CO2 cause unconciousness, brain damage and death?
That’s Carbon Monoxide at 801+ PPM, you silly goose
What tool sub-category would handheld radios fall under?
Miscellaneous tools
What is the best solution to a dangerous atmosphere. An exception to this is when fire is involved, proper respiratory equipment must be used.
Ventilation
This allows teams to directly attach two air cylinders of any kind to provide air to SCBAs worn by casualties or other rescuers when their supply is low. It is not for quick charging, buddy-breathing or any other unapproved use. It is a standard fitting that is dedicated for emergency use.
8-8
RIC UACs - Rapid Intervention Crew/Company Universal Air Connections
What is the frequency of testing for a compressed cylinder?
Depends on the material and model
A “+” sign stamped at the top of the cylinder indicates that pressure can be increased by how many %?
10%
D and E cylinders have a pin-indexed medical post outlet with a valve operated by a purpose specific wrench. Others have a special ___-____ O2 threaded outlet and a hand valve. Both connections are designed to be unique and prevent inadvertent connection to any gas other than oxygen.
CGA-540
How long should you observe an O2 cylinder for a leak down test, and how many PSI can it drop before you re-tighten the regulator and repeat the test to take it out of service?
5 minutes, 0 psi
During vehicle and equipment extrication, after size up, but before any other extrication activities, rescuers must?
Stabilize the vehicle
What is the normal breathing rate of a child?
SJ-46
20-30 bpm
In the event of a lightning strike, where more than one person is injured, the principles of multiple casualty management are reversed.
SJ-63
True
Is AVPU a step of ESM? SJ-34
No
Do a secondary survey if medical help is delayed more than ? SJ-43
20 mins
The secondary survey has 4 steps. What are they? SJ-43
History(SAMPLE), Vitals, Head to toe exam, Treatment/first aid
“Verbal” in AVPU means? SJ-45
They respond when spoken to but may not be able to effectively communicate
Normal pulse rate for an adult is? SJ-46
60-100 bpm
Would entrapment in a hyperbaric chamber cause hypoxia? SJ-82
No
Nitroglycerine may be repeated every _____ mins to relieve pain up to a maximum of _____ doses? SJ-110
5-10 minutes , 5 doses
How many steps are in the chain of survival? SJ-107
5
You should have the casualty chew 2 baby aspirin (ASA) tablets if you suspect a stroke/TIA? SJ-112
False
Agonal breathing is ? SJ-115
abnormal breathing pattern (irregular gasping, strange noises) and should be treated as though they are not breathing
In 2 rescuer CPR, it is recommended that rescuers switch after every? SJ-122
5 Cycles of compression’s or 2 minutes
Which type of dressing best describe adhesive strips that bring the edges of the wound together to assist in healing ?SJ-129
Wound closures
Is a contusion an open wound? SJ-137
No
Bright red spurting blood with every heartbeat is most likely ? SJ-140
Arterial bleeding
What information should be included on the label for an amputated appendage ? SJ-144
Date and Time
SHARP is an acronym used for ? SJ-145
Infection
Pneumothorax is caused by? SJ-152
Air in the chest between the lung and the chest wall
A sunburn is an example of a ? SJ-166
radiation burn
What type of burn is described by little or no pain? SJ-171
Full thickness burn - nerves are destroyed
Whish substance should be applied to jelly-fish stings? SJ-183
Vinegar
RICE stands for ? SJ-190
Rest, Immobilize, Cold, Elevate
Hypoglycemia is a condition where the body has ? SJ-224
Not enough sugar, too much insulin
______ are injuries that leave a piece of skin or other tissue either partially or completely torn away from the body? SJ-139
Avulsions
The large vein that carries blood from the lower body back to the heart is? SJ-312
Inferior vena cava
Which phase of a typical generalized seizure is being described? “Involves a sudden loss of consciousness causing the person to fall.The persons body becomes rigid for up to a minute during which the face and neck may turn bluish” SJ-226
Tonic Phase
The ankle is ______ to the knee but _______ to the foot ?
Distal / Proximal
While giving a patient artificial respirations, you notice their stomach starting to become bloated. This is called _______ ? SJ-275
Gastric Distension
An adult casualty is classified as anyone over the age of ? SJ-14
8
Angina does not usually last long SJ-105
True
A _______ is a temporary bloackage of blood flow to part of the brain, its typically short and leaves no lasting effect on the brain ? SJ-111
Transient Ischemic Attack
What is the first fundamental principle of Mine Rescue ? 1-2
Ensuring the safety of self and rescue team
What are the minimal qualifications to become a mine rescue team member? 1-3
-Minimum 18 years of age
-Speak, read and write English
-Be in good physical ad mental condition
-Be familiar with mining conditions, practices, hazards and equipment
-Have no perforated eardrums
-Hold a valid first aid certification with spinal immobilization training or its equivalent
-Clean-shaven, with no facial hair to interfere with the seal on a breathing apparatus
-Hold any additional certifications as required by your jurisdiction
Whether a candidate is trained in underground mine rescue, surface mine rescue, or first aid, the applicant must be mentally and physically capable and prepared to render assistance whenever called upon to do so.
*=Subject to the discretion of the Mine Manager
A ____ is the company’s guide to all procedures and plans of actions in the case of an emergency on site?
Mine emergency response plan ( MERP)
The vice-captain on a surface mine rescue team is the NO.____ member ? 2-3
2
Mine rescue unit consists of a minimum ___ mine rescue teams summoned to a mine disaster? 2-3
3
Surface mine rescue teams should all carry whistles for primary communications? 2-5
False
You are at an incident scene with your mine rescue team. You hear three whistle blasts. What does this mean? 2-5
Distress
Freelancing is acting independently of command instruction is unacceptable and must not be tolerated ? True or False? 2-5
True
This part of avalanche is where the avalanche decelerates and finally comes to rest, it be identified as a zone where the bulk of the snow is deposited . What is this zone called? 3-2
Run-out Zone
Most frequent avalanche occues between which slop angles? 3-2
30-45
While travelling on ice unless otherwise posted , the speed limit on the ice roads is ___ km/h for a loaded vehicle is ___ km/h for empty vehicles? 3-4
25 km/h
35 km/h
What is considered as low voltage? 4-3
750V
When someone breaches, the safe limits approach around energized electrical
conductors or expose circuit parts what is a potential reaction? 4-6
Arc Flash
The number of gases produced by burning rubber, neoprene and PVC ? 5-21
11
There are _____ hazards of Oxygen therapy? 4-1
4
How many blasts on a whistle would the captain give if they wanted everyone to look at them for further instructions? 2-5
4
Does the TLV apply to all workers all the time? 5-2
False
Acetylene produces a flame that is how hot ? 5-6
3260 C
Up to what concentration does Ammonia have a distinctive smell? 5-7
50 ppm
What percentage of blood saturation of Carbon Monoxide will cause severe headache, weakness, dizziness, dimness of vision, nausea, vomiting, and collapse? 3-6
30-40
Symptoms of mild or early Cyanide poisoning are?
general weakness, heaviness of the arms and legs, difficulty breathing, headache, giddiness, nausea and vomiting, irritation of the nose, mouth and throat
Fire burning in a confined area with limited oxygen will do 2 things?
consume oxygen, smolder
Is Methane produced in the “incipient” phase of fire ?
No
Appreciable depth is defined as a liquid that is deeper than ____ mm ? 10-13
6
How many square meters of fire can a trained rescuer put out with a fire extinguisher rated 18B? 6-11
45 Sq./M
What position should you place a casualty in shock with no suspected head or spinal injury that is less than fully conscious?
Recovery position
When trying to diagnose a stroke, what does the acronym FAST stand for ? F.A-112
Facial droop, arm drift, speech, time
Complete combustion is more dangerous than incomplete burning? 6-1
False
In an electrical system the force or press is measured in _____ and the current flow is measured in _____? 4-2
volts and amps
Load ____ is the weight or force that can be safety applied to a rope under conditions of use ? 11-6
capacity
How many objectives must a belay accomplish ?11-19
6
The integrity of the munter belay is dependent on the condition of the belayer and ________? 11-19
Gripping ability
______ lashing is used when constructing a tripod and _______ lashing is used when constructing an A-Frame?
Figure of 8 and Round
If someone exhibits uncontrollable shivering, slow slurred speech , memory lapses, incoherence, fumbling hands, or stumbling gait they are showing _______ signs of hypothermia ?3-6
moderate
Wind speed greater than 65 km/h have _______ chilling effects? 13-8
little additional
True or False : The Emergency Response Plan will identify who will make contact with outside resources? 14-1
True
It is essential to keep emergency control personnel out of the hazardous area until the secondary assessment can be completed ? True or False ? 14-1
False
The _______ is the area encompassing the incident and 4.5-6m around the incident are ? 14-7
Accident Zone
Locking carabiners can and do come open after being locked ? 11-9
True
One part per million is equal to ? 3-1
1 square centimeter in 100 square meters
Fire depends on ______as the catalyst. The ___ must reach kindling point and the must be adequate____ to sustain combustion? 6-1
heat, fuel, oxygen
A “material that can be oxidized” is called ? 6-2
Reducing Agent
______ will ignite on contact with each other without an ignition source? 6-3
Hypergolic mixture
The _____at which energy is released is the difference between fire and explosion? 6-6
Rate
The medical grade oxygen regulator has 2 purposes , regulate the rate of flow and reduces the pressure of oxygen delivered from the cylinder between ____ and ____ PSI ? 7-5
40 and 70 PSI
____ is the maximum weight the average person can pull on a rope ?11-47
23 KG (55lbs)
If you want a mechanical advantage of 16:1 and have all the rope you want , how many pulleys would you need ?
4
Saponification is a reaction caused by the reaction between ? 6-13
Sodium bicardonate base dry chemical and cooking oil
____ can be used to lift an injured man ?
Bowline on the bight
Simple to tie even with one hand ?
Bowline
A break bar rack is not a common rappel device ? true or false. 11-51
False
Pulley size shall be a minimum of a ______ ratio ( pulley/rope) ? 11-21
4:1
____ slip at 500kg ? 11-27
Prussiks
ICS principle where subordinates will only report to one supervisor? 14-3
Unity of command
What are some of there sources used by the incident commander to evaluate an emergency ? 14-1
Emergency pre-plan, MSDS sheets, monitoring equipment
The person responsible for directly supervising work in the sector ? 14-2
Sector leader
To avoid potential problems with large complex incidents, ______ should be well defined so that no area is missed? 14-3
Geographical Sectors
The three work zones established in ICS are : The support zone, the contamination reduction zone, and the ________ zone ? 14-2
Exclusion Zone
Identify the problem , form an objective based on known information, select one or more alternatives from the available options, take appropriate action and analyze results. This is known as ? 2-1
Process of rational decision making
If you have a “D” size cylinder with 1900 psi remaining and you will be using 6 l/m flow, how long do you have oxygen for ? 4-4
57 minutes
If you have a “K” sized tank with 1000 psi how long will your oxygen last at a 10 l/min flow? 4-4
5 hrs. 15min
Any condition that affects the supply , exchange , or transport of oxygen between the atmosphere and the body’s cell results in ________ ? 4-1
Hypoxia
True or false : In someone with hyperglycemia, their body has not enough sugar, too much insulin? 6-1
False
