Mind Body Soul - PLATO V ARISTOTLE

Question 1

Plato V Aristotle Soul - Intro

Answer 1

Although A student of P - understandings vastly diff, includes understandings of soul
P= dualist A= materialist
Despite P approach attractive as life after death poss

Ari more convincing— due to more ev, more coherent and having more modern materialists develop sim theories, proving sub

Question 2

Plato V Aristotle Soul - P1

Answer 2

Core of P understanding= 2 distinct properties/entities
soul-spiritual essence, immortal, unchanging
body- changes
learning? remem K of Forms from WoF
death? freed from body return to WoF

WoF DISMISS- no empirical ev to prove! flaws his entire concept of soul
Ari INSTEAD- soul structure of body, function “if 👁 were body, its soul would be ability to 👀” seeing ❌ no longer eye except by name, cannot exist indep!

Defend Plato- “just because you cannot find immaterial soul…” -K Ward
however…..
P Geach=further challenges P view disembodied soul can see forms, as seeing 🔗to body+senses - so UNCLEAR on what it means to say soul can exist w/o body ❓❓❓

A’s concept- more sense, use empirical ev to conc beings cannot exist w/o souls as they COVER EVERY FUNCTION OF LIVING THINGS💯

Question 3

Plato V Aristotle Soul - P2

Answer 3

Plato- attempts provide ev through arg of OPPOSITES🍎//🍩
(desc it)
POSS of LafterD lead to people naturally drawn to P as it’s comforting👼🏻

this ATTRACTIVENESS on own does not make it true!
P views body as prison+ soul lib from it
wrongly dismiss value of bod- vital in how identify self
- for A= essential

Question 4

Plato - analogy charioteer

Answer 4

P Draws analogy to desc inner workings of soul
charioteer in charge of 🐎🐎
3 aspects present in soul- reason, spirit, appetite/desire
-soul best when charioteer in charge whereas appetites lead to unhelpful things🍟

Question 5

Ari - hierarchy of being

Answer 5

human soul irrational and rational part

plants only- vegetative element (gain nutrition)
animals - appetitive E (movement+desires)
human S- diff! ability to reason 💭(sep H beings from animals)

Question 6

Plato V Aristotle Soul - P3

Answer 6

Plato draws an analogy to desc inner workings of soul…..

could be arg understanding reflects in Ari hierarchy of being🌱🐵👩🏻

NO! Ari provides clearer understanding of how soul realistically view within ALL aspects of living things (~~~all inclusive~~~)

Plato elitist👑- not all humans reason ability, thought purpose was philo thought and bodies distract from this but no proof!!

GIVEN DIFFICULTIES EMP VERIFY SOUL- A BEST SUITED TO SCIENTIFIC AGE⚗️🔬🌡💉🔬