Milk Flashcards
What is milk?
Base of all milk/milk products that contains high biological value proteins.
Name the 3 kinds of protein found in milk?
Lactalbumin (WHEY) lactoglobin (WHEY) casein (CURD)
What is found in casein?
Cheese
Why do we pasteurize milk?
To destroy bacteria and make it safe for human consumption.
Discuss raw milk.
It has harmful micro-organisms which can cause TB and other infections. The cream also rises to the top of the surface and it is unacceptable by the consumer.
How are curds and whey formed?
When the milk sours or is soured by adding chemicals/acids
How do you make cheese
By adding Renin (enzyme) to the milk which will cause the curds and whey to separate.
What is the fat content in milk
Saturated fat, it gives flavor.
How do they make soured cream ?
The cream is commercially soured and it now has a high acidity level. This is used to bake savory sauces.
How do you make butter
By churning cream
How is yoghurt made
The milk is homogenized, pasteurized and inoculated with bacteria.
It is warmed, thickened and it becomes acidic
The protein then coagulates and the yoghurt sets
What is homogenization
Milk is forced under ores sure through narrow constrictions in order to break up fat globules and it becomes evenly distributed throughout the milk and prevents the cream from rising.
How long do you heat and cool milk that has been sterilized
Heat for 15 minutes
Cool slowly.
Discuss milk processing.
Raw milk, directly form the cow is easily contaminated by bacteria so it must be heated in order to destroy pathogenic bacteremia which improves the keeping qualities of milk
What does yeast make
Bread and wine
